Li-thickeners ke sebopeho sa Skeleton le motheo oa mantlha oa mekhoa e fapaneng ea botlolo, 'me li bohlokoa haholo ho ponahalo, thepa ea litšila le ho thaba ha letlalo. Khetha hangata e sebelisoa le mefuta e fapaneng ea baemeli, e lokise lipelong tse fapaneng ka meaho e fapaneng, le ho sebelisa maikutlo a hlalosang le ho sebelisa letlalo. Liteko tsa kutloisiso tsa kutloisiso li ile tsa etsoa ka lipontšo, 'me lingoliloeng li batloa ho akaretsa mefuta e fapaneng ea litlolo, e ka fanang ka moralo o itseng oa litlolo.
1. Tlhaloso ea Thckener
Ho na le lintho tse ngata tse ka sebelisoang e le lithibelo. Ho tloha ponong ea batho ba haufi-holo ba billicular, ho na le litlolo tse tlase tsa lisele le li-thickener tse phahameng haholo; Ho tloha ponong ea lihlopha tse sebetsang, ho na le li-electrol, lino-holo, li-acides, li-acids le ester, jj. Li-thickeners li khetholloe ho latela mokhoa oa ho kenyelletsa thepa ea litlolo tsa talet.
1.
1.1.1 matsoai a salerganic
Sisteme e sebelisang letsoai le sa tloaelehang joalo ka thipa ka kakaretso ke mokhoa o futhumetseng oa tharollo ea pherekano. Hangata, ho sebelisoa seketsoana sa letsoai haholo se bohlale se sodium chloride, e nang le phello e hlakileng. Li-surfactats tsa limela li theha li-miicelle ka tharollo ea motlakase, 'me boteng ba li-electrous li eketsa palo ea litloaelano tsa micelles,' me kahoo li eketsa litšoantšo tsa sistimi. Leha ho le joalo, ha lekhotla le fetella, e tla ama sebopeho sa letland, se tla fokotsa khatello ea motsamao, le ho fokotsa pono ea tsamaiso, eo ho thoeng ke "ho tšoha". Ka hona, palo ea motlakase e ekelitsoeng hangata e le 1% -2% ka boima, 'me e sebetsa hammoho le mefuta e meng ea boloi ho etsa hore tsamaiso e tsitse.
1.1.2 Fatty AlcoryHols, mafura acid
Li-e mafura tse mafura le li-acid tse mafura ke lintho tsa manyolo. Lingoliloeng tse ling li nka li nka hore e le litsie tse sa lumellaneng hobane li na le lihlopha tsa lipophilic le li-hydrophilic. Ho ba teng ha chelete e nyane ea manyolo ho na le tšusumetso e kholo ho tsitsipano e kholo, OMC le thepa e 'ngoe ea sethala,' me boholo ba phello li eketseha ka bolelele ba chanka ea khabone, ka kakaretso. Molao-motheo oa eona ke hore makhasi a mafura a mafura a acid ea mafura a ka kenya (ho ikopanya le micelles ho khothaletsa ho etsoa ha litoeba. Kameho ea Fydrojene e le lipakeng tsa li-molek'hule tse peli) e etsa hore limolek'hule tse peli li hlophisitsoe haufi-ufi, e fetolelang matla a ho hola.
2. TLHALOSO EA LITLHAKISO
2.1 Nyonic Surfactats
2.1.1 Masenke Insorganic
Sodium Chloride, Kotsi, Ammosium Chloride, Monothamonie chloride, sodium sydrophate le sodium tripolyphote, otc.;
2.1.2 mafura a mafura a mafura
Lefuba la litloela, myristyl joala, C12-15 - Linonoc Acid, Stearic acid, joalo-joalo.;
2.1.3 Alkannalamides
Coco Lijo - Coco Monoethanomide, Coco Monoistokropan-dinoleoyl lijong tsa meroylamiside, lirolemom moolinomide, oli Redhanomalamide, Palmoethanomiliza, Castor Osamemalamize Glycol) -3 Lauramide, Peg-4 Oleamide, Peg-50 Malefo a eme hantle, jj .;
2.1.4 ENTEMS
Cetyl Polyothylene (3) Ether, Isocetyl Polyokyethylene (N = 105, 237, 407), etc.;
2.1.5 esters
Peg-80 Glyceryl Mangane Ester, PecPproplene Glycol) Oleate / Coc-8 Koloate, Pegoate, Peg-40 Glyceryl Stearance, Peg-28 JoJOUTE, Peg-20 Methyry Glucose - Peg-150 Pentaerythritol Steate, Peg-55 propylene Glycol Oleate, Peg-160 Soriston 90. Istearate, Pego-8pp-3 tryhydrompystearate, jj.;
2.1.6 Amine Oxides
Myristyl Amine Oxide
2.2 AMhoteric Surfactats
Cetyl Betaine, Coco Aminosulfobebebela, joalo-joalo.;
2.3 Onionic Surfactats
Potasiamo olete, potasiamo
2.4 Polymers tse qhibilihileng tsa metsi
2.4.1 Cellulose
Colloulose - CellMuxMethyl hydrokelose, hydroxypropyLe methyl cellulose
2.4.2 polyoxethylene
Peg-n (n = 5m, 9M, 23m, 45m, 90m, 160m), jj.;
2.4.3 Polycrylycilic acid
Acrylates / C10-30 ATkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer Copolymer, Acrylates / Octadecane Ethoynate etc.;
2.4.4 rabara ea tlhaho le lihlahisoa tsa eona tse fetotsoeng
Malinyane a khabellang le (ammonium, sodium hyaluronte, pectin, sodium)
2.4.5 PolyganMic polymer le lihlahisoa tsa bona tse fetotsoeng
Magnesium aluminium sililate, sitoria, sodilium ea simail Hetor, joalo-joalo.;
2.4.6 ba bang
Pvm / Ma Deceriene Crosslinmer POLYMER (Crosslin-methyl ether / Methyl
2.5 Surfactats
2.5.1 AlkanannaLides
Hangata e sebelisoa haholo ke kokonami ea kokotametseng. Alkanamides e lumellana le li-electrolytes tsa ho holisa le ho fana ka litholoana tse ntle haholo. Mokhoa o mongata oa Alkannalisamides ke tšebelisano le li-micelle tsa li-anionic tsa li-anionic ho theha maro a senang maro a sa Newtonia. Tse fapaneng tsa Alkanamides li na le phapang e kholo ts'ebetsong, 'me litlamorao tsa bona le tsona li sebelisoa ha li sebelisoa u le mong kapa li kopane. Lingoliloeng tse ling li tlaleha thepa ea ho toba le e thetsang ea Alkanallamide e fapaneng ea Alkanalamides. Haufinyane tjena, ho tlalehiloe hore Alkanalides e na le kotsi e ka bang kotsi ea ho hlahisa li-carcinogenic li-citcinogenic ha li etsoa ka litlolo. Har'a liphoso tsa Alkanamides ke li-amines tsa mahala, tseo e leng mehloli ea li-nitrasmones. Hajoale ha ho na maikutlo a se angoang a tsoang khoebong ea tlhokomelo ea botho mabapi le hore na o thibela Alkanalamates in cosmetics.
2.5.2 ethers
Sebakeng se nang le mafura a joala polyoxethylene ether sodium surdium surts, ka boholo ba letsoai le sa sebetseng feela le ka sebelisoa ho fetola pono e nepahetseng. Boithuto bo bontšitse hore sena se bakoa ke ho ba teng ha boteng ba lino tse tahiloeng ho Aes, se tlatsetsang sona hantle ho feta tharollo ea tharollo e phallang. Patlisiso e tebileng e fumane hore: tekanyo ea karolelano ea Ethoxylation e mabapi le 3eo kapa 10eo ho bapala karolo e ntlehali. Ntle le moo, phello ea ho holisa e mafura ethoxlates e theko e ngata e na le ho hongata ka bophara ba ho ajoa ha li-che tsa ho akheha le homolete li na le lihlahisoa tsa bona. Ha ho tsamaisoa ha mano e pharalle, phello e kholo ea sehlahisoa e fosahetse, 'me phello ea sehlahisoa e fosahetse, e ka fumanoa haholo molemong oa thibelo.
2.5.3 esters
Li-thickeners tse sebelisitsoeng ka ho fetisisa ke li-esters. Haufinyane tjena, peg-8ppg-3 e etsa liqeto, peg-90_isasiterate le peg-8ppg-3 Duilaura e tlalehiloe linaheng tse ling. Mofuta ona oa thickener ke oa se-Iockener ea batho ba sa khethollang, o ne o sebelisoa haholo ka sistiming ea mathata a tharollo. Masholu ana ha a hlotsoe habonolo mme a na le pono e tsitsitseng holim'a ph le mocheso. Hajoale e sebelisoa hangata haholo ke peg-150 ea qhekellang. Basebelisi ba neng ba sebelisoa ha litšitiso ka kakaretso li na le boima ba limolek'hule tse kholo, kahoo ba na le thepa ea litlobo tsa polymer. Mokhoa oa ho thekesela o bakoa ke ho thehwa ha marang-rang a likhahla tse tharo ka mokhoa o makatsang, ka ho etsa joalo o kenyelletsa li-surficactant micester. Metsotso e joalo e sebetsa e le maikutlo le mongobo ho ekelletsa ho sebelisoa e le bolotsana ba litlolo.
2.5.4 Amine Oxides
Amine Oxide ke mofuta oa silika ea polar esele, e khetholloang ka hore: Tharollong ea pherekano, e bonts'a thepa e se nang khethollo ea Ionic. Tlas'a maemo a sa nke lehlakore kapa a mangata, ke hore pH e kholo ho feta kapa e lekana le 7, e le 'nete e sa khethoang, e bonts'ang e sa arabeng. Tharollo ea Acid, e bontša ho koata hanyane. Ha PH ea tharollo e ka tlase ho 3, ho tenang ha Amine o amehile haholo, kahoo e ka sebetsa hantle le mathata a aninic, aninic le zwricic le zowic Ho tsamaisana hantle 'me ho bontša phello e sa lumellaneng. Amine oxide ke tlheke e sebetsang. Ha ph ke 6,4-7.5, Alkyyl Amine Oxide o ka etsa hore ho nke eka ke lefu la komporo ho fihlela la 34pa.s-189pa.S-189pa.
2.5.5 ba bang
Lintho tse 'maloa le li-shoaps le tsona li ka sebelisoa e le lithibelo. Mechani ea bona e meholo e ts'oanang le limolek'hule tse ling tse nyane, 'me kaofela li fihlela phello e matla ka ho sebelisana le li-micelle tse sebetsang. SOPS e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho toba ho litlolo tsa lithupa, 'me ha li sebelisoa haholo litsamaiso tsa metsi a mebala-bala.
2.6 Metsi-Watermer Polymer Thckener
Litsamaiso tse matla tse matla lithibelo tse ngata tsa polymeric ha li angoa ke pH ea tharollo kapa khatello ea motlakase. Ntle le moo, mahlaseli a polymmer e hloka chelete e ngata ho fihlela pono e hlokahalang. Mohlala, sehlahisoa se hloka hore sere se phatsimang se tlotse lijo tsa oli tsa coconut ka nako e ngata e nang le karoloana e ngata ea 3.0%. Ho fihlela sephetho se tšoanang, ke mohatlali feela oa [0.5% ea polymer e lekane. Litsoso tse ngata tsa polymer tsa metsi li sa sebelisoe feela indasteri indasteri ea boloi, empa hape li sebelisoa joalo ka basebeletsi ba ho emisoa, le baemeli ba setaele.
2.6.1 Cellulose
Cllulosese ke thippōne e sebetsang haholo lits'etseng tse thehiloeng metsing 'me e sebelisoa haholo libakeng tse fapaneng tsa litlolo. Cellulosese ke taba ea tlhaho, e nang le likarolo tsa glucouts tse phetoang, 'me Sechaba se seng le se seng sa Hydroxyl se na le lihlopha tse 3 tsa hydroxyl. Masholu a sehlōhō a se a thella - ketane e melelele, 'me sistimi e melelele ea cellulose e bontša moriana o totobetseng oa pseudoplogy. Karolo e akaretsang ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso e ka bang 1%.
2.6.2 Polycrylycilic acid
Ho na le mekhoa e 'meli ea methapo ea li-thilki ea polyacrylic, ho se tšoaneleha ka mokhoa o sa nepahalang le hydrogen maqhubu. Ho se nke lehlakore le ho teba ke ho khelosa limoleke tsa acidic tsa acidic ho tiisa limolek'hule tsa eona le ho hlahisa liqoso tse mpe haufi le ketane e ka sehloohong ea polymer. Ho ts'oaroa lipakeng tsa litefiso tse tšoanang ho utloisang limolek'hule ho otloloha le ho bula ho theha marang-rang. Sebopeho se fihlela phello e matla; Tydrogen e natefeloa ke hore polycryycic acid thickener e kopantsoe le methapo ea kutlo ho etsa limoletsi tse 5 kapa ho feta tsa marang-rang bakeng sa phello ea ho etsa. Lintho tse fapaneng tsa PH, li sa nke lehlakore le ho ba teng ha letsoai le qhibilihileng li na le tšusumetso e kholo ho tsebiso ea sistimi ea thibelo. Ha boleng ba pH bo ka tlase ho 5, viscosion e eketseha ka keketseho ea boleng ba PH; Ha boleng ba PH bo le 5-10, viscosion e batla e sa fetohe; Empa ha boleng ba PH bo ntse bo eketseha, katleho ea ho holisa e tla fokotseha hape. Li-ion tse mopona li fokotsa mokhoa o mongata oa sistimi, ha li-Ion li ntse li fokola feela ha litaba li lula li lekana ha litaba li lekane.
2.6.3 Raber ea tlhaho le lihlahisoa tsa eona tse fetotsoeng
Khopo ea tlhaho e kenyelletsa kobo ea tlhaho haholo, empa chemi ea tlhaho e ne e sebelisoa joalo ka thipa e boholo ba polysaccharides. Mokhoa oa ho thekesela o lokela ho theha sebopeho sa marang-rang a likarolo tse tharo ka har'a lihlopha tse tharo tsa hydroyl, e le limolek'hule tsa metsi, e le ho fihlela litlamorao tsa metsi. Mefuta ea litlolo tsa bona ea litlolo tsa bona ea ho holofala ke maro a se nang ncha ea batho ba seng New -Ian, empa thepa ea litšila tsa tharollo e hlapollang e haufi haholo le metsi a ncha a ncha. Phello ea bona ea toickerichari e amana le boleng ba pH, mocheso, khatello ea maikutlo le litlamorao tse ling tsa sistimi. Ena ke thippōne e sebetsang haholo, 'me litekanyetso tse akaretsang ke 0.1% -1.0%.
2.6.4 Polyermic polymer le lihlahisoa tsa tsona tse fetotsoeng
Boholo ba polymer bo boholo bo nang le sebopeho se nang le mefuta e meraro kapa sebopeho se atolositsoeng. Mefuta e 'meli ea khoebo e ntle ka khoebo ke MotmoriLiLanite ea Montmornite. Mochini oa ho holisa o hasana ka metsing, litlatse tsa tšepe li ntse li arotsoe ka bongata, joalo ka ha ho thoe li-kristar tsa lamorer tsa sesole sa li-anionic soft. le li-Ion tsa tšepe tse emisitsoeng ka transparity ea coloji. Maemong ana, lamellae e na le tefo e mpe le tefo e nyane e ntle ho likhutlo tsa tsona ka lebaka la Lattice. Tharollong ea setopo, liqoso tse mpe tse hole le tse kholo li le kholo ho feta liqoso tse ntle litsing, hona moo ho ke keng ha ba le phello e matla. Ka kenyelletso le khatello ea li-electrolyte, ho tsepamisa ha li-ion ka tharollo ea tharollo le tefo ea lamellae e fokotsehile. Ka nako ena, tšebelisano e ka sehloohong e fetoha maemong a hlabang lipakeng tsa mabone a khanyang pakeng tsa liqoso tsa "setaele se bitsoang" Keketseho e 'ngoe senya sebopeho
Poso: Feb-14-2025