Hydroxypropypropinyl methylcell(HPMC) Na thepa ea polymer ea tlhaho e nang le lisebelisoa tse ngata, tse nchafatsoang le tse ntle tsa metsi le thepa e etsang filimi. Ke ntho e ntle ea phetisetso bakeng sa ho hlophisoa ha likepe tsa metsi a qhibilihang.
Filimi ea ho emisa metsi ke mofuta o mocha oa boitsebiso bo botala, bo fumaneng tlhokomelo e pharalletseng Europe le United States le linaheng tse ling le linaheng tse ling. Ha e sireletsehe feela ebile ho loketse ho e sebelisa, empa e rarolla bothata ba ho thibela litšila. Hona joale, lifilimi tsa li qhibilihang tsa metsi li sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa peroleum tse kang polyvinyl joala le polyethylene oxide joalo ka lisebelisoa tse tala. Petroleum ke sesebelisoa se sa hlahiseng mosebetsi, 'me ts'ebeliso e kholo e tla baka likhaello tsa lisebelisoa. Ho boetse ho na le lifilimi tsa metsi tse qhibilihang tsa metsi tse sebelisang lintho tsa tlhaho tse kang starch le proten e le lisebelisoa tse tala, empa lifilimi tsena tse qhelelang metsi li na le thepa e fosahetseng ea metsi. Papaling ena, mofuta o mocha oa filimi e qhibilihang ea metsi e lokiselitsoe ka tharollo e itseng ea lifilimi e sebelisang hydroxypropyproppy methylceluse joalo ka thepa e tala. Liphello tsa khatello ea lifoto tsa HPMC li etsa mocheso oa lifilimi le mocheso oa lifilimi ka matla a mangata, tranmit ea metsi a qhibilihang ea HPMC. Glycerol, sortinol le glutaraldehyde li ile tsa sebelisoa hape ts'ebetsong ea filimi e qhibilihileng ea HPMC. Qetellong, e le ho holisa ts'ebeliso ea PAPMC ea metsi ho boloka metsi ho sephutheloana sa lijo, makhasi a makhasi a bammc a ne a sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa filimi ea metsi a qhibilihileng ea HPMC. Liphumano tse ka sehloohong li tjena:
. Ha leqhubu la HPMC ke la 5% mme filimi e theha mocheso ke 50 ° C, thepa e felletseng ea filimi e atlehileng ea HPMC e betere. Ka nako ena, matla a Tensile a ka ba 116Ma, ho feta moo ho robehileng ke 90%, le nako ea ho qhibiliha metsi ke 55mital.
. Ha litaba tsa glycerol li pakeng tsa 0,05% le 0.25%, phello e molemo ka ho fetisisa, 'me phepelo e khaola metsi a qhibilihileng ea HPMC e fihla ho 50%; Ha litaba tsa sorbit e le 0.15%, nako ea nako e telele e tlola e eketseha ho 45% kapa ho feta. Kamora hore filimi e qhibilihileng ea HPMC e fetotsoe ka Glycerol le sorbinol, matla a matla le thepa ea mahlo a ne a sa bohlokoa.
. Ha kenyelletso ea glutaraldehyde e ne e le 0,25%, thepa ea mochini le thepa ea liphokojoe ea lifilimi e ile ea fihla ho Optum. Ha kenyelletso ea glutaraldehyde e ne e le 0,44%, nako ea ho senyeha ha metsi e fihlile ho 135 min.
. Ha theko ea 0,03% e ile ea eketsoa, filimi ea AOB / HPMC e ne e le sekhahla se ka bang 89% bakeng sa filimi ea mahala, e neng e le holimo le ea metsi le eona e ntlafalitsoeng haholo.
Mantsoe a bohlokoa: filimi ea ho emisa metsi; HydroxypropypropyLulose; molimo moemeli ea hokahanyang haholo; antioxidant.
Tafole ea likateng
Kakaretso ................................................. .................................................................................
Anifstract .............................................................................................................
Tafole ea likateng…………………………………………. .....................................................................
KHAOLONG E mong oa kenyelletso ............................................................. .................................................................
1 1 Labon ea qubung .........................................................................................................................
1.1.1polyvinl joala (PVA) filimi ea metsi .................................................................................
1.1.2polyeyene oxide (peo) filimi e qhibiliha ka tšohanyetso ...
1.1.3strch-profil ea metsi e tukang ea metsi .........................................................................................................
1.1.4 Lifilimi tse sa tsitsang tsa metsi ......................................................................................... .2
1.2 hydroxyproPypropyl methylceluse .................................
1.2.1 Sebopeho sa HydroxypropyL methylcelllllvuddulose ......................................................... .3
1.2.2 Sello sa metsi sa hydroxypropyLe methylceluse ............................................ 4
1.2.3 Thepa ea lifilimi ea HydroxypropyLe Methylcelllllllllllulose .................................................
1.3 Bokhukhuni ba polasetiki ea HydropypropyL methylcelll filimi ea lifilimi .........
Mokhabiso oa 1.4 o hokahanyang ka mydroxypropyl methylcelll filimi ea filimi e ................................................. .5
Melumo e metle ea antioxidaven of hydroxypropyl methylcelll filimi ea filimi e ................................................ 5
1.6 Tlhahiso ea sehlooho sa sehlooho ............................................................................................. ............................................................. .7
Likateng tsa 1.7 Lits'ebetso tsa lipatlisiso .........................................................................................................
Kgaro ea 2 Litokisetso le thepa ea hydroxypropyl methyl conplelose filimi ea metsi a tšepe .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Kenyelletso ea 2.1 Hlahloba ............................................................................................................................................................................. 8
2.2 Karolo ea liteko ......................................................................................................... ......................................................................... .8
2.2.1 Lisebelisoa le liletsa tsa liteko ................................................................................................................. ......... ..8
2.2.2 Ho itokisa sebaka .........................................................................................................................................................................
2.2.3 Tlhahlobo le Tlhahlobo ea Ts'ebetso ..................................................... ..
2.2.4 Ts'ebetso ea data ...................................................... .............................................................................
2.3 Liphetho le Puisano le Puisano .............................................................................................................................................
2.3.1 phello ea tharollo ea lifilimi e etsang lifilimi ho hpmc e tšesaane ea hpmc. .. ................................................................................................................... 10
2.3.2 Tšusumetso ea mocheso oa lifilimi ho HPMC lifilimi tse tšesatsang .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2.4 Khaolo ea Kaho :..................................
Khaolo ea 3 Litlamorao tsa Liphalekano ho Lifilimi tsa Phoofolo tsa Metsi ea HPMC .............................................................................................
3.1 Selelekela ......... ...............................................................................
3.2 Karolo ea liteko .....................................................................................................................................................
3.2.1 Lisebelisoa le liletsa tsa liteko .....................................................................................................
3.2.2 Ho itokisa hape .........................................
3.2.3 Tlhahlobo le Tlhahlobo ea Ts'ebetso ......................................................... ..
3.2.4 Ts'ebetso ea data ... ......................................................... ..
3.3 Liphetho le lipuisano .............................................................................................................................................................................................................
3.3.1 Liphello tsa Glycerol le sorticol ho Spectrum ea Insorted Spectrium ea HPMC e nyenyefatsang .............................................................................................................................................................................................
3.3.2 Phello ea Glycerol le sorbitl ka lits'oants'o tsa Xrd tsa HPMC e nyefolang ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3.3.3 Liphello tsa Glycerol le sorticol ho thepa ea mochini e nyane ea HPMC e nyelisang .............................................................................................................................................................................................
3.3.4 Liphello tsa Glycerol le sorticol ka har'a thepa ea mahlo a hpmc
3.3.5 Tšusumetso ea Glycerol le sorticol ho ea lahleloang ea metsi a Flip ea metsi .......... 23
3.4 Khaolo ea Ka3 .....................................................................................
Khaolo ea 4 ea li-agents tsa lifapano ho li-filimi tse qhibilihang metsi a bolokiloeng ea metsi ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4.1 Selelekela ............................................................................................................................. 25
4.2 Karolo ea liteko .....................................................................................................................................................
4.2.1 Lisebelisoa le liletsa tsa liteko .............................................................................................
4.2.2 Ho itokisa sebaka .................................................................................................................................
4.2.3 Tlhahlobo le Tlhahlobo ea Ts'ebetso ............................................. .. ...
4.2.4 Ts'ebetso ea data .................................................................................................................. ......................................................... .. ..
4.3 Liphetho le Puisano le Puisano ......... ...................................................................................................................................................
4.3.1 Setsebi sa Information Spectrum ea glutaraldehde-crosslinde-trasslin, lifilimi tse tšesaane .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4.3.2 $ 7 XD Mefuta ea lifilimi tsa glutaldehde cross-e hokahaneng ......................................... .. .. ..
4.3.3 Liphello tsa Glutaraldehyde ka sello sa metsi sa Films tsa HPMC ................................. .. ..
4.3.4 Phello ea glutaraldehyde ka har'a thepa ea mochini oa HPMC e tšesaane ... 29
4.3.5 Phello ea Glutaraldehyde ka har'a thepa ea mahlo a hpmc ................................. 29
4.4 Khaolo ea Kaho:
Khaolo ea 5 Natural Antioxidant ea Li-Antioxidant HPMC Filimi ea Metsi a INTOMC .....................................................
Kenyelletso ea 5.1 .................................................................................................................................
5.2 Karolo ea liteko .................................................................................................................................................................................
5.2.1 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko le lisebelisoa tsa liteko .................................................................
5.2.2 Ho itokisa sebaka .................................................................................................................................................
5.2.3 Tlhahlobo le tlhahlobo ea ts'ebetso ..................................................... .. .......................
5.2.4 Ts'ebetso ea data ... .............................................................................................
Liphetho tsa 5.3 le ho sekaseka ......................................................................................................................................................................... ..
5.3.1 IR-IR-IR-IR-IT
5.3.2 Tlhahlobo ea Xrd .........................................................................................................................................
5.3.3 LITLHAKISO TSA BOPHELO .....................................................................................................
5.3.4 StlaMuutity ea Metsi .................................................................................................................................
5.3.5 Thepa ea mecha .............................................................................................................................................................................................
5.3.6 Ts'ebetso ea Optical .............................................................................................................................................
5.4 Khaolo ea Kaho ea 5.4
Khaolo ea 6 Ntlha ea 6 ................................................................................................. .....................................
Litšupiso .................................................................................................
Patlisiso nakong ea lithuto tsa degree ...
Ho amohela .................................................................................................................................................................................................
KHAOLO EA PELE
Ha e le thepa ea sephutheloana se botala ba ho lefa, e sebelisitsoe haholo ho tsamaisa lihlahisoa tsa linaha tse ling (joalo ka United States, Japane, ea pele. Film ea metsi e qholotsang metsi, joalo ka ha lebitso le bolela, na filimi ea polasetiki e ka qhibiliha metsing. E entsoe ka lisebelisoa tsa polymer tsa polymer tsa metsi tse ka qhibilihang metsing mme li lokisoa ke ts'ebetso e itseng ea lifilimi. Ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ikhethang, e loketse batho ho paka. Ka hona, bafuputsi ba bangata ba se ba qalile ho ela hloko litlhoko tsa tšireletso ea tikoloho le bonolo [2].
1.1 fil ea metsi a qhibilihileng
Hona joale, lifilimi tsa metsi a qhibilihang tsa metsi li sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa petroleum tse kang polyinem tsa metsi, le protheine e ntse e sebelisa thepa ea tlhaho.
1.1.1 polyvinyl joala (PVA) FILL e qhibilihileng ea metsi
Hajoale, lifilimi tse qhibilihileng haholo tsa metsi lefatšeng li lifilimi tse qholotsang metsi. PVA ke folymer ea Vinyl e ka sebelisoang ke libaktheria e ka sebelisoang ke mohloli oa thepa ea "carbon" e nang le theko e tlase, ea songre Filimi ea PVA e na le thepa e ntle ea ho betla e ntle, maemo a matla le ts'ireletso e ntle ea tikoloho. E sebelisitsoe haholo 'me e na le lengolo la tumello ea boemo bo phahameng. Ke ka ho fetisoa ka ho fetisisa le filimi e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea metsi 'marakeng [5]. PVA e na le boitšoaro bo botle 'me e ka felisoa ke likokoana-hloko tsa ho hlahisa co2 le h2o mobung [oa 6]. Boholo ba lipatlisiso tsa lifilimi tsa metsi hona joale ke ho fetola le ho ba kopanya ho fumana lifilimi tse nang le metsi a lekaneng. Zhao Linlin, Xiong Hanguo [] o ile a ithuta ho hlophisoa ha filimi ea ho qhalana ka metsi ka pva, teko e ka sehloohong ea oxginal, ea sodium dodecyl 4%. Kamora ho omella ha microwave ho omella ha filimi e behiloeng, nako e qubu ea metsi ka metsing ka mocheso oa kamore ke 101s.
Boemong ba ho etsa lipatlisiso hona joale, filimi ea PVA ke sebelisoa haholo, litšenyehelo tse tlase le tse ntle haholo molemong oa lintho tse fapaneng. Ke thepa e phethahetseng ka ho fetisisa ea metsi hajoale. Leha ho le joalo, joalo ka lingoliloeng tse thehiloeng ho peterole, PVA ke sesebelisoa se sa ngolisoeloang, 'me ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea lintho tse tala e ka silafala. Le ha United States, Japane le linaha tse ling li e e thathamisitse joalo ka ntho e nang le chefo, polokeho ea eona e ntse e bulehile ho botsa. Ka boema-fofane le ho kenella ho kotsi ho 'mele [ba 8],' me bo ke ke ba bitsoa chemistri ka botlalo.
1.1.2 polyethylene oxide (peo) filimi e qhibilihileng ea metsi
Polyethylene oxide, le eona e tsejoang ka hore ke polyethylene oxide, ke polymer ea nang le metsi e ka kopantsoeng le metsi karolong eohle ea kamore [9]. Mokhoa oa sebopeho sa polyethylene oxide ke h - (- Och2ch2-) n-oh, le boima ba eona ba bonna bo tla ama sebopeho sa eona. Ha boima ba limokek'hule bo le maemong a selemo sa 200 ~ 20000, e bitsoa Polyethylene Glycol (Peg) ho feta 20,000. Peo ke phofo ea granular e tšoeu e phatsimang, e leng bonolo ho sebetsa le sebopeho. Litone tsa peo li lokiselitsoe ka ho eketsa litlolo tsa boselamose, li-stabilizer le li-callers ho pholletsa le ts'ebetso ea ho lokisa [11].
Pehla ea peo ke filimi e qhibilihang metsi ka sesosa se thata sa metsi hona joale, maemo a eona a ho senya, a le boima bo litšila tikolohong, 'me mesebetsi ea eona e kholo e ka sebelisoa. PVVA movie e le ngoe [12]. Ntle le moo, peo e boetse e na le chefo e itseng, ka hona ha e sebelisoe ka har'a thepa ea lihlahisoa [[13].
1.1.3 filimi e qhibilihileng ea metsi
Statch ke polymer ea tlhaho ea molek'hule, 'me limolek'hule tsa eona li na le lihlopha tse ngata tsa hydroyl, ka hona, ho na le mokhoa oa ho ts'oaroa,' me ho thata ho kenella le polymer ea ling. E sebetsoa hammoho [14,15]. Khoeli ea metsi ea starch e futsanehile, 'me ho nka nako e telele ho ruruha ka metsing a batang, hangata e sebelisoa ho lokisa lifilimi tsa metsi. Ka kakaretso, starch e fetotsoe ka tatellano ea mekhoa e kang ea ho fela, ho ts'oana le ho fokotsa sebopeho sa starch [16,16].
Kenya litlamo tsether ka lihlopha tsa starch ka mekhoa ea lik'hemik'hale ho senya starch e fetotsoeng ka thata ka thepa e matla ea lifilimi. Leha ho le joalo, ka mocheso o tlase, filimi e se nang moea e na le thepa e mpe haholo ea ho kopanya le lisebelisoa tse ling tse kang Pva, 'me boleng ba tšebeliso ha bo phahame.
1.1.4 liprotheine tse sa sebetseng tsa metsi
Protheine ke ntho e sebetsang ea tlhaho ea macromolecular e nang le liphoofolo le limela. Kaha lintho tse ngata tsa protheine ha li khathatse ka mocheso oa kamore, hoa hlokahala ho rarolla litlhōrō tsa liprotheine ka metsing ka mocheso oa kamore ho lokisa liprotheine tsa metsi. Bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa tharollo ea liprotheine, li hloka ho fetoloa. Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea komporo ea tlhaho ea khethollo e kenyelletsa ho bafuma-pele, Phsphorymation, joalo-joalo; Matla a ho fetohela ke ho fetola sebopeho sa lisele, ka ho etsa joalo, ho felisa aponto, ho etsa bonnete ba ho monya metsi le botsitso ho fihlela litlhoko tsa tlhahiso le ho li lokisa. Lifilimi tse se nang meeli tsa liprotheine li ka hlahisoa ke ho sebelisa li-hand tsa temo le tsa sidseline tse kang mocheso oa liprotheine, kapa ka tlhoko ea indasteri ea peterole. Leha ho le joalo, lifilimi tsa ho koahela metsi tse qhibilihileng tsa metsi ha matrix a etsa hore thepa e mpe ea boithati le mocheso oa tsona o tlase.
Ho akaretsa, ho bohlokoa haholo ho theha litaba tse ncha, tse qhibilihang tsa metsi tse nang le ts'ebetso e ntle haholo ho ntlafatsa lifokoli tsa metsi tsa hona joale.
Hydroxypropypropypropypropypropy Methyl Methyl, le theko e tlase, le se nang chefo molemong oa tlhaho. E na le qubu ea metsi a futhumetseng ea metsi le thepa e etsang lifilimi, 'me e na le maemo a ho lokisa lifilimi tse qhibilihang metsing.
1.2 hydroxypropyLe methylcell
Hydroxypropypropypropypropypropinyl methyl cellulolose, HPMC ka cellulose ea tlhaho, e fumanoeng e sa feleng le lits'ebetso tsa ho senya. Sejo se qhibilihileng ka sceleuble ea metsi [21]. HydroxypropypropyLulose e na le litšobotsi tse latelang:
(1) Mehloli e 'maloa le e nchafatsang. Lintho tse tala tsa hydroxypropypropyl methylcelulose ke celluulose e ngata haholo lefatšeng, e leng e leng lisebelisoa tsa khale tse nchafalitsoeng.
. HydroxypropypropinyL methylcell e se nang chefo ebile e se kotsi ho 'mele oa motho mme e ka sebelisoa khoebong ea bongaka le lijo.
(3) Melaetsa e fapaneng ea ts'ebeliso. Joaloka thepa e qhibilihang ea metsi, hydroxyproplay methylcelulose e nang le somerity, masela, masela le lihlahisoa tsa motlakase le li-elekseni.
1,2.1 sebopeho sa hydroxypropyl methylcell
HPMC e fumaneha ka seleng ea tlhaho kamora ho fofa ka mor'a ho ngola Lintlha tse akaretsang tsa HPMC tsa Tlhahlobo ea HPMCL ea Tlhahlobo ea HPMCL Foromo ea eona ea limolek'hule e bontšoa Setšoantšong 1.1 [22]
Ka lebaka la ho thella famdrojene e matla pakeng tsa matšoao a celbolecules, ho thata ho qhibiliha ka metsing. Khokahano ea cellulose e nang le mafura ka metsing e ntlafatsoa haholo hobane lilakane tsa ether li kenngoa ka har'a selefouoeng pakeng tsa limoleng tsa selefoulese. HydroxypropypropyproppyLe (HPMC) ke sebaka se tloaelehileng sa hydroxl se kopantsoeng le mekhoeng. pontsho ea tšebelisano le tlatsetso ea sehlopha ka seng. - [och2ch (Ch3ch (Ch3)] n oh the hydroxyl -Ka sehlopha sa thapo ea hop, sebaka sa karabelo se tla qojoa ka mor'a ho fihla sehlopha sa hydrophobic se neng se emisitsoe ke mofuta o mokhutšoaane []. Lihlopheng tsa hydroxyl ka ketane e sa tsoa eketsa le lihlopha tsa hydroyl li lula li fetoloa ke meaho e meraro ea Glucose e ka bang teng ka har'a matla a itseng.
1.2.2 Slaole ea metsi a hydroxypropypropyl methylcell
HydroxypropypropinyL methylcellulose e na le thepa e ngata e ntle ka lebaka la sebopeho sa eona se ikhethang, tse sa lekanang ka ho fetisisa tseo e leng sesosa sa metsi a eona. E fetoha tharollo ea colloridal ka metsing a batang, 'me tharollo e na le tšebetso e itseng ka holim'a eona, litlhaloso tse phahameng le tse tsitsitseng [tse tsitsitseng [tse tsitsitseng [21]. Hydroxypropypropike methylcelulose ke Ether e se nang Celthylcellubulose ea Tefo ea Methapo le Metsi Methyl cellulose e hloka ho beoa ho 0 ho la 5 ° C bakeng sa metsotso e 20 ho isa ho 40 ho fumana tharollo e ntle le lipono tse tsitsitseng. Tharollo ea sehlahisoa sa Hydro Xydropypropyl sehlahisoa se hloka ho ba le botsitso bo 20-25 ° ho tiisa botsitso bo botle le pepeneneng. Ka mohlala, hydroxypropyl methylcellllllulose (GranulalcelCellllll)
1.2.3 Makhopho a etsang lifilimi a hydroxypropyl methylcell
HydroxyproPypropiny methylcelulose e nang le thepa e entsoeng lifiliming, e ka fanang ka maikutlo a lifilimi litokisetso tsa mekhahlelo ea meriana. Filimi ea Coumating e thehiloeng ke eona ha e na mebala, e se nang kelello, e thata le e hlakisang [21].
Yan Yanzhong [26] o sebelisitse teko ea Orthogonal ho fuputsa thepa e etsang lifilimi ea hydroxypropypropyproping methylcellulose. Ho hlahlojoa ho ile ha etsoa likamanong tse tharo le meaho e fapaneng le lipelaelo tse fapaneng tsa li-solves tse fapaneng. Liphello li bontšitse hore li kenyelletsa mefuta e 10% ea hydroxypropyL methylcelulese ka ho fetisisa ho ba le thepa e etsang lifilimi bakeng sa lifilimi tse tobileng ea lithethefatsi.
1.1 Bothomo ba polasetiki ea Hydroxypropyl Methylcelll
Joaloka sesebelisoa sa tlhaho sa tlhaho, filimi e lokiselitsoeng ka ponts'o ea celllose e nang le botsitso bo botle le ts'ebetsong, e se kotsi tikolohong. Leha ho le joalo, lifilimi tse sa hlophisehileng tsa cellulole tsa khomphutha li na le ho ba thata, 'me selefounuse e ka ba polasetiki hape e fetotsoe.
[27] O sebelisitse Acerathyl citrate le acetyl Tetrabityl citrate 'me u fetole celloulose acetate e eme. Liphetho li bontšitse hore ho na le nako ea ho senya fillulose Fils.
Luo qioushui et e-bang [28] ba ithute ka litlamorao tsa lipalesa tsa lipalesa tsa lipalesa tsa boselamose, glucose mathuleng a methylcellulo Liphetho li bontšitse hore sekhahla sa mela ea methyl se ne se le betere ha litaba tsa glycerol li ne li le betere ha ho ne ho le molemo oa glucose e ne e le 0.5%.
Glycerol ke 'mala o se nang' mala, o monate, o hlakileng, o hlabileng metsi ka tatso e monate e monate, e tsejoang e le Glycerin. E loketseng tlhahlobo ea tharollo ea metsi, bao ba batlang liphakarolo, joalo ka tharollo e lekanang e le oli e tlase ea ho theola letlalo. Soorbil, sesoeu se tšoeu sa hygroscopic kapa phofo ea kristale, lipalesa kapa li-granules, tse se nang monko. E na le mesebetsi ea monyaluoa oa mongobo le ho boloka metsi. Ho eketsa hanyane tlhahiso ea chepisi ea ho hlafuna gum le ho ntlafatsa lijo le ho fokotsa mokhatlo le ho fokotsa ho thatafatsa le ho bapala karolo ea lehlabathe. Glycerol le sorticol ke lintho tse quloang ka metsing, tse ka kopantsoeng le celulose christ ea metsi [23]. Li ka sebelisoa e le balemi ba ka polasetiki bakeng sa selefounu. Kamora ho eketsa, ba ka ntlafatsa maemo le nako ea motlakase le nako ea ho phomola ha lifilimi tsa cellulose. [29]. Ka kakaretso, khatello ea tharollo ke 2-5%, mme palo ea naha ke 10-20% ea Cellulose Ether. Haeba litaba tsa polasetiki li phahame haholo, ho hlasimolla ha shrinkage sa ho senyeha ha colloid ho tla hlaha ka mocheso o phahameng [30].
1,2 Ho fallisoa ha fydroxypropyl methylcelll filimi
Film ea metsi e qholotsang metsi e na le alloudi e ntle ea metsi, empa ha e lebelletsoe ho qhala kapele ha e sebelisoa ka liketsahalong tse ling, joalo ka mekotla e patiloeng. Peo e phuthetsoe ka filimi e qhibilihang metsi, e ka eketsang sekhahla sa peo. Lekhetlong lena, e le ho sireletsa lipeo, ha ho lebelletsoe hore filimi e tla qhalaha ka potlako, empa filimi e lokela ho bapala phello ea metsi-a boloka metsi. Ka hona, ho hlokahala ho lelefatsa nako e qhibilihang ea filimi ea filimi. [21].
Lebaka leo Hydroxypropyl Methylcelulose le nang le strubility ea metsi le litsibi tsa li-hydroxyproppy. MethylceLulose e fokotsehile, ka tsela eo e fokotsa sello sa metsi sa hydroxypropyl pakeng tsa lihlopha tsa hydroyl, tse ka ntlafatsang thepa ea lifilimi tse itseng. Li-addydes tse amanang le hyddehypropypropyly Methylcelushedyde li fokotsoa ke li-glutarahdyde. E sireletsehile, kahoo Glutaraelde e sebelisoa e le moemeli oa likuking bakeng sa ESS. Palo ea mofuta ona oa moemeli oa ho hokahanya haholo ka tharollo ka kakaretso e 7 ho isa ho 10% ea boima ba ether. Mocheso oa kalafo o ka ba hoo e ka bang 0 ho fihlela ho 30 ° C, 'me nako ke 1 ~ 120 metsotso [31]. Karabelo ea cars - e hloka ho etsoa tlasa maemo acidic. Taba ea mantlha, asiti ea asiti ea asiti kapa acid ea carboxylic e eketsoa molemong oa tharollo ea ho fetola pH ea tharollo ea ba ka bang 4]. Li-acid tse sebelisitsoeng ho h2so4, acist acid, citric acid le tse ling. Asiti le Aldwehde li ka eketsoa ka nako e ts'oanang ho etsa tharollo ho etsa qeto e hokahanyang PAGE PH GRAVE [33].
Melumo e metle ea antioxidaint ea hydroxypropyl methylcelllulo Films
HydroxypropypropinyL methylcelulose e ruile matlong, ho le bonolo ho e-ba le filimi, 'me e na le phello e ntle e ncha. Joaloka polokeho ea lijo, e na le nts'etsopele e kholo e ka bang le eona [34-36].
Zhuang Rongyu [37] o sebelisitse hydroxypropyL methylcelulolo (HpMC) Liphetho li bontša hore ho thatafala ha temate e nang le coating ea HPMC e phahame ho feta ntle le ho koaheloa. E ne e boetse e pakile hore filimi e jeoang hpmc e ka lieha ho fetoha ha mebala ea tamati ho tsoa ho pinki ho tsoa ho pinki ho e khubelu ha e bolokoa ho 20 ℃.
[38 38] Ho ithuruwa ka litlamorao tsa hydroxypropyL methylcelll Liphello li bontšitse hore ts'ebetso ea oxida e anti-oxidation ea bayberry e phekoloe ka fipmc
Wang Kaikai et al. [39] E sebelisitsoe "Wuzhong" bayberry e le boitsebiso ba liteko ho ithuta phello ea mofuta oa Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulo phello ea tšebetso. Liphello li bonts'a hore litholoana tsa Babroflavin-Copesbertion li ne li sebetsa hantle ho feta borbical e le 'ngoe ea HPMFlavin, ka mokhoa o atlehileng oa ho boloka litholoana tsa litholoana.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, batho ba na le litlhokahalo tsa polokeho ea lijo. Bafuputsi ba lapeng le linaheng tse ling ba se ba ile ba fokola butle-butle lipatlisiso tsa bona tsa ho etsa liaparo tsa lijo ho ea liphutheloana. Ka ho eketsa kapa ho fafatsa li-antioxidants ho lisebelisoa tsa ho tsamaisa thepa, li ka fokotsa semelo sa lijo. Phello ea lebelo la ho bola [tse 40]. Antiaments ea tlhaho e ameha haholo ka lebaka la polokeho ea bona e phahameng le katleho e ntle ea bophelo bo botle holima 'mele oa motho.
Antioxidant ea makhasi a bamboo (aob bakeng sa kgutshwane) ke antioxidant ea tlhaho ka monko o ikhethang oa tlhaho ea tlhaho ea tlhaho ea bamboo ea tlhaho. E ngotsoe ka kakaretso ea naha ea Gb2760 mme e amohetsoe ke Lefapha la Bophelo e le Antioxidant bakeng sa lijo tsa tlhaho. E ka boela ea sebelisoa e le molaoli oa lijo bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa nama, lihlahisoa tsa metsing le lijo tse 48].
Sun Linatc. [42] Lekola likarolo tsa mantlha le thepa ea li-antioo tse makhasi a boea le libiloeng tse ngata tsa bamboo mahetleng a lekhasi la bamboo lef. Ho eketsa 0.03% Aob ho Mayonnaise e ncha, phello ea Antioxidant e totobetseng ka nako ena. Ha ho bapisoa le palo e lekanang ea tee ea polyphenol antioxidan, phello ea eona antioxidant e molemo ho feta ea polyphemonals; Ho eketsa 150% ho Bier ho MG / L, thepa e nang le lisebelisoa tsa Antioxixidant le ho tsitsa ha biri. Ha a ntse a netefatsa boleng ba 'mele oa pele, ho boetse ho eketsa monko o matla le makhasi a sa utloang a makhasi a bamboo a tsoang bamboo.
Ka kakaretso, hydroxypropyproxyl methylcelulose e na le thepa e ntle ea lifilimi le ts'ebetso e ntle. Hape ke lisebelisoa tse tala le tse litšila, tse ka sebelisoang e le filimi ea pakete lebaleng la ho sekamela [44-48]. Glycerol le sortonol ke mese e metle ea metsi ka metsing. Ho eketsa Glycerol kapa sorbitol ho tharollo ea lifilimi tsa hydroxypropy, ka hona, ho eketsa ha molumo oa filimi [49-51]. Glutaraldehyde ke ntho e tloaelehileng e sebelisoang hampe. Ho bapisoa le Aldeydende e 'ngoe, e sireletsehile,' me e na le sehlopha sa Dialeddehyde ka molek'hule, 'me lebelo le amanang le cars le potlakile. E ka sebelisoa e le mokhoa oa ho hokahanya sefapano sa hydroxypropyl methylcelulose. E ka fetola sello sa metsi sa filiming, e le hore filimi e ka sebelisoa ka makhetlo a eketsehileng [52-55]. Ho eketsa li-antioo tsa bamboo makhasi a hydrooxypropy
1.4 Tlhahiso ea sehlooho
Boemong ba ho etsa lipatlisiso hona joale, lifilimi tsa qubu ea metsi li entsoe ka lifilimi tsa pva, libapali tsa phoka, lifilimi tse setifiloeng tsa metsi. Ha e le thepa e thehiloeng peterole, Pva le peo ke lisebelisoa tse sa laoloang, 'me mokhoa oa tlhahiso oa thepa ea bona o tala o ka silafala. Le ha United States, Japane le linaha tse ling li e e thathamisitse joalo ka ntho e nang le chefo, polokeho ea eona e ntse e bulehile ho botsa. Ka boema-fofane le ho kenella ho kotsi ho 'mele [ba 8],' me bo ke ke ba bitsoa chemistri ka botlalo. Tsamaiso ea tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tse nang le tšireletso le liprotheine li se kotsi 'me lihlahisoa li bolokehile, empa li na le likotsi tsa ho thehoa ha motlakase oa lifilimi, melala e tlase le e bonolo. Ka hona, maemong a mangata, ba hloka ho itokisetsa ho kopanya lintho tse ling tse kang Pva. Boleng ba tšebeliso ha bo phahame. Ka hona, ho bohlokoa haholo ho theha thepa e ncha ea lipalesa tse qhibilihang ka thata, e tsitsang e nang le ts'ebetso e ntle haholo ho ntlafatsa bofokoli ba hona joale ba metsi.
Hydroxypropypropilose Methylcelulose ke litaba tsa polymet tsa tlhaho tse sa ruitseng feela, empa hape li ke ke tsa khutlisoa. E na le qubu ea metsi a futhumetseng ea metsi le thepa e etsang lifilimi, 'me e na le maemo a ho lokisa lifilimi tse qhibilihang metsing. Ka hona, pampiri ena e ikemiselitse ho lokisa mofuta o mocha oa filimi e qholotsang metsi ka hydroxypropy-le karohano e hlahisang maemo a holimo le karolelano ea glycerol le sorchenol). ), moemeli oa ho hokahana haholo (Glutaraldehyde), li-antiooo tse nang le li-antioxidant tse ngata tse theko e phahameng haholo Filimi ea methylxiloulose
1.5 Litaba tsa lipatlisiso
Litaba tsa lipatlisiso li tjena:
1) Filimi ea ho qhibiliha metsi a qhibilihileng ea HPMC e lokiselitsoe ka tharollo ea lifilimi, 'me thepa ea filimi le mocheso oa lifilimi ka har'a plamc ea metsi.
2) Ho ithuta ka litlamorao tsa li-calycerol le sortonol basetlelli ba sotlehileng ho thepa ea metsi, allo ea metsi le thepa ea mahlo a ho sesa metsi.
3) Ho ithuta phello ea moemeli oa li-glutalde Cross-liking ho alloubility ea metsi, thepa ea mechini le thepa ea matsoho ea HPMC ea metsi.
4) Ho lokisa ha filimi ea metsi a qhibilihileng ea AOB / HPMC. Khanyetso ea oxida, qubu ea metsi, thepa ea mecha ea moea
Kgaolo ea 2 Boitokisetso le thepa ea hydroxypropyl methyl conplelose filimi ea metsi a qhibilihileng ea metsi
Selelekela
Hydroxypropypropyproping Methylcelulose ke sesebelisoa sa tlhaho sa celluuloulose. Ha se chefo e nang le chefo, e se nang ho silafala ho nchafatsoe, e tsitsitseng, 'me e na le lihlahisoa tse ntle tsa metsi le thepa e etsang filimi. Ke thepa e ka bang metsi a qhibilihang ea metsi.
Khaolo ena e tla sebelisa hydroxypropyL methylceluse joalo ka lingoliloeng tse tala ho lokisa phepelo ea metsi le mocheso oa lifilimi ka har'a lifilimi. Mefuta ea kristale ea filimi e tsebahala ka ho fapana le X-ray ho ile ha hlahlojoa lenyalo le qhibilihileng le ho makala ha metsi a sa hlonephang le alomity.
2.2 Lefapha la liteko
2.2.1 Lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tsa teko
2.2.2 Litokisetso tsa sebopeho
1) Ho lekanya: Sekhahla se itseng sa hydroxypropyl methylcelulose ka tekano e nang le teka-tekano ea elektroniki.
2) Ho felisoa: Kenya methylcrase ka metsing a entsoeng ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng, a e-na le khatello e tloaelehileng, ebe o e emella ka botlalo ho fumana mofuta o itseng oa ho ngola. Membrane mokelikeli oa membrane. E Thehiloe ho 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% le 6%.
3) Setlhare sa lifilimi: ① Litokisetso tsa lifilimi tse nang le mekhabiso e fapaneng ea lifilimi, ebe o li beha ka har'a methapo e phatsimang ea khalase ho 40 ~ 50 ° C ho omella le ho theha lifilimi. Pale ea methylpropyLulo ea metsi e qhibilihang ea metsi ka bongata ba 25-50 μm e lokisitsoe, 'me filimi e behiloe lebokoseng le omileng bakeng sa tšebeliso ea lebokose. Ho ts'oaroa ha lifilimi tse tšesaane ka har'a mocheso o fapaneng oa lifilimi (mocheso oa li-filimi tse tloaelehileng (30 ~ 70 ° C) Filimi e omisitsoeng ka ontong ea moea e omileng. Pale ea methylpropypropyLulo e qhibilihileng ea metsi ka bongata ba hoo e ka bang 45 μm e lokisitsoe, 'me filimi e ne e le lebokoseng la ho omella. Filimi ea hydroxypropyl Methylcell e bitsoa filimi ea ho qhalana ea metsi e bitsoa filimi ea HPMC bakeng sa khutšoane.
2.2.3 Bosholu le ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso
2.2.1.1.1.1 Ray Di-Angole X-ray diefraction (tlhahlobo ea XD)
Sekaseka (angle x-ray diefraction (xrd) sekaseka boemo ba li-crystalline tsa ntho e teng ka har'a limolek'hule. X-ray diffandeter of arl / xtra mofuta o hlahisitsoeng ke k'hamphani ea Thermo Arl Change Switzerland e ne e sebelisetsoa boikemisetso. Maemo a lekanyang: Mohloli oa X-Ray e ne e le mohala oa Nickel-Fied Cu-K Sonne (40kv, 40ma). Scan angle e tsoa ho 0 ° ho fihlela 80 ° (2θ). Scanning Spend 6 ° / min.
2.2.3.2 Thepa ea mochini
Matla a mabenyane le nako ea nako ea ho senya filimi ea ho ahlola thepa ea eona ea ho etsa lintho tse ngata tsa polasetiki, mme yuniti e nthabisa. Nako ea nako ea ho phomola (ho phomola ha nako) ho bua ka karolelano ea ntlafatso ha filimi e robehile ka bolelele ba%. Ho sebelisa mofuta oa Tontron (5943) Lisebelisoa tsa Tekanyo ea Unitrant (Shanghai) ea tlhahlobo ea teko ea GB13022-9
2.2.3.3 Thepa ea mahlo
Litsie tsa mahlo ke sesupo sa bohlokoa sa ho hlaka ha lifilimi tsa liphutheloana, haholoholo ho kenyelletsa transmitance le ho makala ha filimi. Phatlalatso le ho hlolloa ha lifilimi li ne li lekantsoe ho sebelisa tebello ea haze. Khetha sampole ea liteko le 'mele o hloekileng ebile ha ho na liqoso, o eme ka sekhahla Mohlala o lekoa makhetlo a 3 le boleng bo tloaelehileng bo nkuoa.
2.2.3.4 Scobility ea Metsi
Khaola filimi ea 30mmm ea 30mm le bophara ba hoo e ka bang 100mμm, eketsa 100ml ea metsi ho ea 200ml ka ho lekana le nako ea filimi ho nyamela ka botlalo [56]. Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o lekanyetsoa makhetlo a 3 le boleng bo tloaelehileng, 'me yuniti e ne e le metsotso.
2.2.4 Ts'ebetso ea data
Lintlha tsa liteko li ne li sebetsoa ka Excel le tse lokiselitsoeng ka ha li hlophisitsoe.
2.3 Liphetho le puisano
2.3.1.1 VRD Mefuta ea Filmc e tšesaane ea HPMC tlasa mefuta e fapaneng ea lifilimi
Fig.19 Xrd of Hpmc Films tlasa litaba tse fapaneng tsa HP
Ho fapana le ho fapana ha X-ray ke tlhahlobo ea libaka tse kristale tsa lintho tse fumanehang maemong a limolek'hule. Setšoantšo sa 2.1 ke mokhoa oa ho khetholla oa Xrd oa HPMC Lifofane tse tšesaane tlasa mefuta e fapaneng ea lifilimi. Ho na le litlhophiso tse peli tsa ho qhalana [57-59] (ka ho tloha 9.5 ° le 20.4 ° le filimi ea HPMC ho setšoantšo. E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo se nang le keketseho ea khatello ea HPMC, litlhoro tsa maikutlo a maqheku ho pota 9 9.,4 ° le 20 ° li ntlafatsoa pele. Mme ebe o fokola, boemo ba ho fifala (tokisetso e laetsoeng) ba ile ba eketseha ebe ba fokotseha. Ha khatello e le 5%, tlhophiso e hlophiselitsoeng ea limolek'hule tsa HPMC e nepahetse. Lebaka la ketsahalo e kaholimo ho ketsahalo e ka holimo e kanna ea ba le keketseho ea kristale ea HPMC Thatong ea lifilimi e eketseha, ka hona e etsa topollo ea balek'hule ea HPM e eketsehileng. Ha HPMC e feta 5%, tlhoro ea X e fapaneng ea filimi e fokolisang lifilimi. Ho tloha ntlheng ea tlhophiso ea likereke tsa molek'hule, ha tharollo ea tharollo e phahame haholo, viscotion ea tharollo ea lifilimi e fokotsehile.
2.3.1.2 Thepa ea meralo ea lifofane tse tšesaane tsa HPMc tlasa mefuta e fapaneng ea lifilimi.
Matla a mabenyane le nako ea nako ea ho senya filimi ea ho ahlola thepa ea eona ea ho becha, 'me tlhase ea lehlasoa e hlahisa Defiformation ea polasetiki ea junifor. Nako ea nako e telele ke karolelano ea ho fanyeha bolelele ba filimi ea pele ea filimi. Tekanyo ea thepa ea mochini ea baesekopo e ka ahlola kopo ea eona masimong a mang.
FOG.2.2 Phello ea litaba tse fapaneng tsa HPMC ho thepa ea mechini ea HPMC Films
Ho tloha ho feiga. Ha tharollo ea tharollo e le 5%, thepa ea mochini e tsamaeang le li-filimi tsa HPMC e betere. Lebaka ke hobane ha filimi e etsang metsi a silafatsang metsi e tlase, mohopolo oa tharollo o fokola, 'me boholo ba lisele tse tlase li ke ke tsa fokola; Ha thepa e etsang metsi e etsa li-pic e etsang 5%, thepa ea mochini e fihletseng e fihlelang boleng bo nepahetseng; Ha e ntse e shejoa metsi a etsa lifilimi e ntse e tsoela pele ho eketsa, ho leleka le ho ba le sefokoli se sa sebetseng le se botsitso ka bongata ba lifilimi tsa HPMC. Ka hona, tharollo ea lifilimi ea 5% HPMC e loketseng haholo ke ena. Ts'ebetso ea filimi e behiloeng le eona e betere.
2.3.1.3 Mesebetsi ea mahlo ea HPMC e tšesaane ea HPMC tlasa mefuta e fapaneng ea lifilimi
Ho tsamaisa lifilimi, transtumtance ea khanya le ho hlohlona ke maemo a bohlokoa a bontšang pepenene ea filimi. Setšoantšo sa 23 se bonts'a maemo a ho fetolela a Transmit Capenda le makhasi a HPMC ka tlasa khatello ea metsi e fapaneng. E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo se nang le tharollo ea ho teba ea HPMC ka hanyane, ho fetisoa ha baesekele hanyane butle-butle ka keketseho ea tharollo ea filimi.
Fia.2.3 Liphello ea litaba tse fapaneng tsa HPMC ho thepa ea Opmc Films
Ho na le mabaka a mabeli a sehlooho: Taba ea pele, ho tloha ponong ea palo ea khatello ea maikutlo, ha khatello ea maikutlo e na le phello e matla liphethong tsa litaba tsa [61]. Ka hona, ka keketseho ea khatello ea maikutlo ea HPMC, meno a filimi a fokotsehile. Phallo ea lebone e fokotsehile haholo, 'me ha a ntse a eketseha haholo. Taba ea bobeli, ho tloha tlhahlobong ea ts'ebetso ea lifilimi, e kanna ea ba hobane filimi e entsoe ke tharollo e qotsitsoeng ka mokhoa o hlahisang lifilimi. Keketseho ea nako ea nako e telele e lebisa ho fokotseha ha boreleli ha sebapali le phokotso ea thepa ea HPMC.
2.3.1.4 Slaole ea Metsi a HPMC e tšesaane ea HPMC tlasa sebopeho se fapaneng sa lifilimi
Kholiseho ea metsi ea lifilimi tsa metsi e amana le khatello ea hae ea lifilimi. Floam ea 30mm × 30mm e entsoe ka filimi e fapaneng ea ho theha filimi e fapaneng, 'me e tšoaee filimi ea "+" ho lekanya nako ea filimi ho nyamela ka botlalo. Haeba filimi e phuthela kapa e khomarela mabota a beaker, ho pheta-pheta. Setšoantšo sa 24 ke setšoantšo sa tekanyetso sa metsi a lifofane tsa HPMC tlasa meaho e fapaneng ea lifilimi. E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo se nang le keketseho ea metsi a silafatsang lifilimi, nako e quloang metsing a lifilimi tsa HPMC e ntse e eketseha, ho bontša hore lifilimi tsa HPMC li fokotseha. Ho bonahala e le hore lebaka e ka ba keketseho ea tharollo ea HPMC ka mor'a ho fokolisa ha filimi ea HPMC ka metsing.
FUG.2.4 Phello ea litaba tse fapaneng tsa HPMC ho soloms ea metsi a HPMC
2.3.2 Phello ea mocheso oa filimi ho hpmc e tšesaane e tšesaane
2.3.1.1 xrd li-patens tsa hpmc tse tšesaane tsa filimi e fapaneng ea filimi e fapaneng
Fig.5 xrd ea Films ea HPMC tlasa filimi e fapaneng ea filimi ea ho theha mocheso
Setšoantšo sa 2,5 se bonts'a li-paterone tsa Xrd tsa HPMC e tšesaane filiming e fapaneng ea filimi e fapaneng. Libaka tse peli tse fapaneng tsa maemo a mabeli li alama ka 9,5 li-20 tsa 20 'me li ile tsa hlahlojoa filimi ea HPMC. Ho tloha ponong ea botebo ba litlhōrō tsa mocheso, li na le litlhopho tsa motlakase li ile tsa eketseha ka nako eo, 'me ho ile ha fokotseha pele ebe se fokotsehile. Ha mocheso oa ho etsa lifilimi o le ka la 50 ° C, The Lits'oants'o tsa Mafone tse tsoang polaong ea thempereiloeng, tse ka tlase tsa khaelo-kholo li thata, 'me ho lla ha thepa e ngata. Joalokaha mocheso oa lifilimi o ntse o eketseha butle, sekhahla sa nyutlelie sea hlophisoa, ka hona kemiso ea limoleke e tla hlophisa boleng bo phahameng ka mocheso o itseng. Haeba mocheso oa ho etsa lifilimi o phahame haholo, ho thehoa hoa limoseha ho le matla haholo, ho thehoa ha maratla a nyutlelie ho na le tlase 'me ho thata ho e etsa likristale. Ka hona, lifilimi tsa HPMC li eketseha pele ebe li fokotseha ka keketseho ea filimi e thehang filimi.
2.3.2.2 Thepa ea mechini ea HPMC e tšesaane ea filimi e fapaneng ea filimi e fapaneng
Phetoho ea filimi e theha mocheso o tla ba le tšusumetso e itseng ea tšusumetso ho thepa ea filimi ea mochini. Setšoantšo sa 2.6 se bonts'a tloaelo e fetohang ea matla le nako ea nako ea nako ea ho khaola li-filimi tsa HPMC ho fumana mocheso o fapaneng oa mocheso. Ka nako e ts'oanang, e bontšitse mokhoa oa ho ea pele ebe o fokotseha. Ha filimi e khetha mocheso e ne e le 50 ° C, matla a mabenyane le ho phahamisa filimi ea HPMC.
FOG.2.6 Phello ea filimi e theha mocheso ka har'a thepa ea mechini ea HPMC Films
Ho tloha ponong ea tokisetso ea balek'hule, tokisetso e hlophisehileng ea limolek'hule, e leng matla a mangata a electi [4]. Ho tloha ho feiga. Ha mocheso oa filimi ke a 50 ° C, boemo ba tokiso e entsoeng ka ho fetisisa, ka hona, matla a lifilimi a theha mocheso oa hau, mme boleng bo holimo bo hlaha filiming ea 50 ℃. Nako ea ho phomola li bonts'a mokhoa oa ho eketsa pele ebe o fokotseha. Lebaka le ka ba joalo ka keketseho ea mocheso, ho hlophisoa ha limolek'hule pele ebe ho fokotseha ha sebopeho sa polytsor. Ka Matlax, sebopeho se hokahaneng sa 'mele sea thehoa, se phetha karolo e itseng ea ho khelosa filimi ea khatello ea lifilimi ea 50 ° C.
2.3.2.3 Mathomo a HPMC Films ka filimi e fapaneng ea lifilimi
Setšoantšo sa 2.7 ke sekhobi sa phetoho ea thepa ea HPMC sephinseng se fapaneng sa ho theha mocheso. E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo se nang le keketseho ea filimi, phetoho ea kgulity ea HPMC e ntse e fokotseha, butle-butle ha a fola butle.
Fig.2.7 phello ea filimi e theha mocheso mocheso oa hau oa HPMC
Ho latela tšusumetso ea limolek'hule tsa mocheso le metsi ho filimi [66], ha metsi a tlase a le teng ho HPMC ka metsing ana butle-butle ho tla fetoha khalase. Ho cheka ha filimi ho fapana ho HPMC, ebe ho hahoa ho theoa ka mekotla kamora ho felisoa ha filimi ena ho tlaase 'me hage e phahame; Ha mocheso oa eketseha, likarolo tsa molek'hule li qala ho sisinyeha, masoba a qaqileng, ka hona phetoho ea filimi ea eketseha le haze o fokotseha.
2.3.2.2 StlaMUBL ea Films ea HPMC Films ea lifilimi tse fapaneng
Setšoantšo sa 2.8 se bonts'a li-curve tsa Alibility tsa metsi a hpmc li-filimi tse fapaneng tsa HPMC ho mofuta o fapaneng oa mocheso. E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo sa nako ea ho fifala ha metsi a hpmc Ka keketseho ea mocheso o etsa lifilimi oa lifilimi, sekhahla sa limolek'hule sa metsi le sekhahla sa liketane se phahamisoa, se tsamaeang le limolek'hule tsa limolek'hule ho kena pakeng tsa limolek'hule tsa hpmc. Scoudity ea metsi le eona e fokotsehile.
Fig.2.8 phello ea filimi e theha mocheso mocheso oa metsi a hlatsoang tsa HPMC
2.4 Kakaretso ea khaolo ena
Khaolong ena, hydroxypropyl methylcelll Kristantanity ea filimi ea HPMC e hlahlojoe ke Xrd e fapaneng; Melemo ea mecha ea ho etsa metsi e ile ea lekoa le ho hlahlojoa thepa ea lekhetho ea elektroniki ea motlakase, 'me thepa ea lekhetho e ile ea hlahlojoa ke lefu la phetisetso ea HPMC. Nako ea ho qhalana ka metsing ka metsing (nako ea lisosa tsa metsi) e sebelisoa ho sekaseka qubu ea metsi. Qeto e latelang e bitsoa lipatlisiso tse kaholimo:
1) Litlamorao tsa lifilimi tsa HPMC li qala ho nyoloha ebe li fokotseha ka keketseho ea tharollo ea lifilimi e etsang filimi. Ha khatello ea lifilimi e etsang lifilimi ea HPMC e ne e le 5% 'me mocheso oa lifilimi o ne o le lilemo li 50 ° C, thepa ea matsoho ea filimi e ntle. Ka nako ena, matla a mashome a masole a ka bang 116Ma, 'me nako ea nako e telele e felile e ka ba 31%;
2) Litopo tsa motlakase tsa hpMC li fokotseha ha palo ea tharollo ea lifilimi, mme butle-butle e eketseha ka mocheso oa mocheso oa filimi; ba utloisisang hore khatello ea mofuta oa lifilimi ha ea lokela ho feta 5%, 'me mocheso oa lifilimi ha oa lokela ho feta 50 ° C
3) Sesole sa metsi sa Metsi sa lifilimi tsa HPMC li bonts'a mokhoa oa ho theosa le keketseho ea tharollo ea filimi le keketseho ea mocheso oa lifilimi. Ha khatello ea lifilimi e 5% hpmc e etsang lifilimi le mocheso o etsang lifilimi tse etsang lifilimi, nako ea filimi e ne e le 55 min.
Khaolo ea 3 ea Libola tsa polasetiki ho HPMC ea Metsi a Ikemisang Metsi
3.1 Kenyelletsa
E le mofuta o mocha oa filimi ea thepa ea polymer ea li-polymer tsa metsi a nang le metsi a nang le metsi a nang le metsi a na le tebello e ntle ea ntlafatso. Hydroxypropypropyproping Methylcelulose ke sesebelisoa sa tlhaho sa celluuloulose. Ha se chefo e nang le chefo, e se nang ho silafatsa, e nchafatsoang, e tsitsitseng, 'me e na le thepa e ntle. Ho theha metsi le ho etsa lifilimi ka metsi, ke ntho e thata ea ho beha thepa ea metsi ka metsi.
Khaolo e fetileng e tšohliloeng ke ho hlophisoa ha filimi ea metsi a qhibilihang ea HPMC ka ho sebelisa sesebelisoa sa ho etsa lifilimi le mocheso oa lifilimi ho HydroxyLulo. tšusumetso ea ts'ebetso. Liphetho li bontša hore matla a tsoang ho filimi a ka ba 116Ma le nako ea ho phomola ke maemo a matle. Ho thata ha lifilimi tse joalo ho futsanehile likopo tse ling mme o hloka ntlafatso e ngoe.
Khaolong ena, hydroxypropyL methylcelulose e ntse e sebelisoa e le thepa e tala, 'me ho lokisoa filimi ea metsi a qhibilihileng ea metsi. , ho tloha nakong ea nako ea phomolo), thepa ea mahlo (transmittance, hoetla) le alloudi ea metsi.
3.2 Lefapha la liteko
3.2.1 Lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tsa liteko
Tafole ea 3.1 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko tsa liteko le litlhaloso
Tafole ea 3.2 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko tsa liteko le litlhaloso
3.2.2 ea mohlala oa boitokiso
1) Ho lekanya: Sekhahla se itseng sa hydroxypropyl methylcelulose (0%) le sorbinol (0.15%, 0.15%, 0.35%, 0.35%, 0.35%, 0.35%, 0.35%).
2) Ho felisoa: Kenya methylcluse e entsoeng ka metsing a entsoeng ka matsohong a phetetsang, e kuta ka mocheso o tloaelehileng, ebe o eketsa glycerol kapa sorticol maemong a fapaneng a mangata. Sebakeng sa hydroxypropyLulo tharollo, hlohlelletsa nako e telele ea ho e tsoakoa, 'me u e lumelle metsotso e 5 (e phophomang) ho fumana metsi a etsang lifilimi.
3) Ho etsa lifilimi: Kenya metsi a etsang khalase a sejana ea pente, a e tlohelle nako e itseng ea ho omisa le ho e beha filimi ka botenya ba bo-45 μm. Kamora hore filimi e beoe lebokoseng le omileng bakeng sa ts'ebeliso.
3.2.3 Tlhahlobo le tlhahlobo ea ts'ebetso
3.2.3.1 Pent Insorted Spectroscopy (ft-Ir) Ho sekaseka
E incured Spectroscopy (FTIR) ke mokhoa o matla oa ho tšoaea lihlopha tse sebetsang ka sebopeho sa limolek'hule le ho khetholla lihlopha tse sebetsang. Setsebi sa ho nyenyefatsa sebōpeho sa promc se lekantsoeng se lekantsoeng se sebedisang nchet e nang le phetisetso ea 5700 Mokhoa oa lifilimi o mosesane o ne o sebelisoa tekong ena, mofuta o tšosang o ne o le 500-4000-1, lifilimi tsa ho qapa ka ho omisa ka lelong la ho omisa ka la 5 ° C bakeng sa liphiri.
3.2.3.2 Forod-angle x-ray diffoction (xrd)
3.2.3.3 PUSELETSO EA LITLHAKISO TSE KHOLO
Matla a sa feleng le nako ea nako ea ho phomola ha filimi e sebelisoa e le lipalo tsa ho ahlola thepa ea eona. Nako ea ho khefutsa ke karolelano ea ho fanyeha bolelele ba pele ha filimi e robehile, e le%. Ho sebelisa Tontron (5943) Mochini oa Teko ea Teko ea Authoriste oa Tentron (Shanghai) Lisebelisoa tsa Teko ea Teko ea Lifilimi tsa Triferict
3.2.3.4 Boikemisetso ba thepa ea mahlo, e tšoanang le 2.2.3.3
3.2.3.5 PUSELETSO EA MOTSI
Khaola filimi ea 30mmm ea 30mm le bophara ba hoo e ka bang 100mμm, eketsa 100ml ea metsi ho ea 200ml ka ho lekana le nako ea filimi ho nyamela ka botlalo [56]. Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o lekanyetsoa makhetlo a 3 le boleng bo tloaelehileng, 'me yuniti e ne e le metsotso.
3.2.4 Ts'ebetso ea data
Lintlha tsa liteko li ne li sebetsoa ka Excel, 'me graph e huleloa ke software ea tlhaho.
3.3 liphetho le puisano
3.3.1 Liphello tsa Glycerol le sorbitl ho weche ea infrared Spectrum ea lifilimi tsa hpmc
(a) glycerol (b) sorbitl
FOG.3.1 ft-Ir ea lifilimi tsa HPMC tlasa li-glycerol kapa sorbitlum
E incured Spectroscopy (FTIR) ke mokhoa o matla oa ho tšoaea lihlopha tse sebetsang ka sebopeho sa limolek'hule le ho khetholla lihlopha tse sebetsang. Setšoantšo sa 3.1 se bonts'a Stractrared Stractra ea lifilimi tsa HPMC ka tlatsetso e fapaneng ea Glycerol le Dartical. E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo sa li-HPLE tsa Skeleton vibration tsa skeleton tsa HPMC
Li-bunds tsa monyako tse haufi li bakoa ke ho kopanya Bond ea Oh, 2935cm-1 ke lihlopha tsa ho monya tsa -ch- le-le-1 ke tsona tse amohelang sehlopha sa hydroxypropyl. Peak ea ho monya sehlopha sa hydroyl se mo fetela pele ho phapanyetsano, 945cm-1 ke taba ea ho nyenyefatsa tlhoro ea -ch3 [69 [69]. Litlhoro tsa ho monya ka 1454cm-1, 1315mm-1, 1315cm-1, lihlahla tse 1 tsa ho tsamaisa lifofane tsa -ch3, ka ho latellana. Ka mor'a polasetiki, ha ho na litlhoro tse ncha tsa ho amohela lits'oants'o tsa filimi, ho bontša hore HPMC ha ea ka ea fella ka matla. Ntle le tlatsetso ea glycerol, e leng tlhoro e tsoang ho - 1 ea sehlopha sa HPMC - 1 lihlopha tsa liqhobosheane tsa mustory le tsa li-hydroxyl li ile tsa fokola; Ntle le kenyelletso ea sorbicol ho filimi ea HPMC, - -Ha ho phatloha ho 3418cm-1, Maqhubu a ahliloeng a 1657cm-1. . Liphetoho tsa litlhophiso tsena tsa ho monya li bakoa haholo ke litlamorao tsa ho ts'oaroa, tse etsang hore li fetohe ka lihlopha tse haufi-u -ch2. Ka lebaka la bonyenyane, ho kenngoa ha lilesecular sitisoa ho khothatsoa ke litlamo tsa li-hydrogen tsa hydrogen, kahoo matla a polasetiki a fokotsa palo ea filimi ea polasetiki ea fokotseha.
3.3.2 Liphello tsa Glycerol le sorbitl ka li-vard tsa Xrd tsa HPMC Films
(a) glycerol (b) sorbitl
Fig.3.2 Xrd of HpMC Films tlasa mefuta e fapaneng ea glycerol kapa sorbilum porre
Sekaseka li-v-ray tsa x-ray tse fapaneng (xrd) sekaseka boemo ba li-crystalline maemong a limolek'hule. X-ray diffandeter of arl / xtra mofuta o hlahisitsoeng ke k'hamphani ea Thermo Arl Change Switzerland e ne e sebelisetsoa boikemisetso. Setšoantšo sa 3.2 ke li-paterone tsa xrd tsa hpmc tsa li-ciltsc tse nang le tlatsetso e fapaneng ea glycerol le sorbitl. Ka kenyelletso ea glycerol, botebo ba lihlekehleke tse fapaneng ka la 9,5 li fokola ka 9,5 li fokola ka bobeli; Ka kenyelletso ea sorbinol, ha chelete e eketsehileng e ne e le theko ea 0,5 ° e ile ea fokotsoa, empa ho na le phello e fokolang, empa e ne e le tlase haholo ho feta ea filimi ea HPMC ntle le sorbil. Ka kenyelletso e tsoelang pele ea sorbinol, tlhoro e fapaneng ka la 9,5 ° hape, le tlholeho ea bo-20,4 ° ha ea fetoha haholo. Sena ke hobane tlatsetso ea limolek'hule tse nyane tsa glycerol le sorkinol li ferekanya tlhophiso e hlophisehileng le ho senya crystal ea filimi. E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo sa Glycerol e na le tšusumetso e kholo ho li-glytallization tsa li-glytalization tsa HPMC Ho tloha tlhahlobong ea lipalesa, sortical e na le sebopeho sa molumo oa tsoekere le tšitiso ea metsi le limolek'hule tse fokolang, kahoo ha ho na phello e fokolang crystalization.
[48].
3.3.3 Liphello tsa Glycerol le sorbitl ho thepa ea mochini oa HPMC Films
Matla a mabenyane le nako ea nako ea ho phomola ha filimi e sebelisoa e le litekanyetso tsa ho ahlola thepa ea eona, 'me tekanyo ea thepa ea mochini e ka ahlola e sebetsang masimong a itseng. Setšoantšo sa 3.3 se bonts'a phetoho matla a matla le nako ea nako ea nako ea ho khaola lifilimi tsa HPMC kamora ho eketsa lisele.
Feiga.3.3 Phello ea Glycerol kapa sorbitolimoncon ho thepa ea mochini ea hpmc films ea HPMC
E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo sa 3.3 (a) seo ka tlatsetso ea glycerol, ha filimi e matla e fokotseha butle, ebe e tsoela pele ho fokotseha. Ho ile ha nyoloha ha filimi ea HPMC pele ebe u fokotseha, hobane Glycerol e na le khatello ea maikutlo le ho hloka kutloano ea filimi. Ka keketseho e tsoelang pele ea Glycerol ea Glycerol, e leng nako ea ho senya monko o moholo oa HPMC. Lebaka la ho fokotseha ha matla a potlakileng ke: ho eketsoa ha limolek'hule tse nyane tsa glycerol libeng tsa limolek'hule, ebe li fokotsa matla a motlakase a mangata. Majoe a fokolang a kholo, a tsoa ponong ea tlhophiso ea molek'hale, 'me e khothalletsa ho feto-fetoha ha filymemer chains ea filimi e kholo hanyane; Leha ho le joalo, ha ho na le lintho tse ngata haholo tsa glycerol, liketane tsa biocular li ntse li le teng ka nako e tšoanang le tokisetso ea filimi, e hlahisang matla a tlase a fipmc. Ho tloha ka phello e tona ea matla a matla a matla a ho fifala ea HPMC, palo ea Glycerol e ekelitsoeng ha ea lokela ho ba ngata haholo.
Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ho Setšoantšo sa 3.3 (B), ka tlatsetso ea sorbit, nako ea methapo ea kutlo, ho ile ha nyoloha ha filimi ea HPMC e ile ea eketseha ebe e fokotsehile. Ha palo ea sorbit e ne e le 0,15%, e leng nako e telele ho khefutsa filimi ea HPMC Matla a mashome a mathela a na le likokonyana kapele, ebe o futuufdumetes hoo e ka bang 50mp le kenyelletso ea ho tsoela pele ea sorbit. Ho ka bonoa hore ha boholo ba sorbitl ba eketsoa ke 0.15%, phello ea polasetiki ke eona e ntle ka ho fetisisa. Lebaka ke hobane tlatsetso ea limolek'hule tse nyane tsa sorbil tse tloaelehileng tsa lipalesa, 'me limoleche li senyehile,' me matla a hohola a fokotseha. Ha palo ea sortico e ile ea tsoela pele ho eketseha, nako ea nako e telele e ile ea qhalakane pakeng tsa macrotolecules le phokotso ea mela ea ho koaheloa ke ho phomola filimi.
Ho bapisa litlamorao tsa polasetiki tsa Glycerol le sorbitl ho lifilimi tsa HPMC, eketsa 0.15% Glycerol e ka eketsa nako ea filimi ho isa ho 50%; Ha a ntse a eketsa 0,15% sorbitol e ka eketsa nako ea nako ea ho khelosa filimi ea filimi eo e fihlang ho ka ba 45%. Matla a mashome a mashome a ile a fokotseha, 'me fokotseha ho ne ho le nyane ha Glycerol e eketsoa. Ho ka bonoa hore phello ea polasetiki ea Glycerol ho filimi ea HPMC e molemo ho feta ea sorbil.
3.3.4 Liphello tsa Glycerol le sorbitl ka har'a thepa ea mahlo a HPMC Films
(a) glycerol (b) sorbitl
Feiga.3.4 Phello ea Glycerol kapa SORBITOLUMNE PUSELETSO EA HPMC Films
Ho fetisoa ha bobebe le ho tsitsipanya ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa pepenene ea filimi ea sephutheloana. Ho bonahala le ho hlaka ha thepa e kentsoeng haholo ho ipapisa le mokhoa oa lebone ebe o thetsa filimi ea pakete. Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ho Setšoantšo sa 3.4, ho eketsoa ha glycerol le sorbinol bobeli ba ile ba ameha melemo ea lifilimi tsa HPMC, haholoholo haze. Setšoantšo sa 3.4 (a) ke graph e bonts'a phello ea tlatsetso ea Glycerol ka har'a thepa ea li-hpMC. Ntle le tlatsetso ea glycerol, transmitance ea lifilimi tsa hpmc e qala ho nyoloha ebe e fokotseha, ho fihlela boleng bo holimo hofihlella 0.25%; Haze e ntse e eketseha ka potlako le butle butle. E ka bonoa ho tlhahlobiso e kaholimo ea ha palo ea glycerol e le 0.25, thepa ea tsoala ea filimi e sa lokela ho feta 0.25%. Setšoantšo sa 3.4 (B) ke graph e bonts'a phello ea tlatsetso ea sorbilulu ka thepa ea mahlo ea li-flip tsa HPMC Films. E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo se nang le sorbitol, hazeli ea mahlo a hpmc a eketsa pele ebe e ea eketseha, 'me tranmittance e eketseha pele ebe e ea eketseha. Ho fokotseha hoa fokotseha, le Transmittance ea Leseli 'me e ne e bonahala e le litlhoro ka nako e le' ngoe ha palo ea sorbitol e ne e le 0.45%. Ho ka bonoa hore ha boholo ba sorbit e eketsoang e pakeng tsa 0,35 le 0.45%, thepa ea eona ea matsoho e molemo. Ho bapisa litlamorao tsa li-glycerol le sorticol mathomo a lifilimi tsa HPMC, e ka bonoa hore sortobit ha e na phello ea thepa ea lifilimi.
Ka kakaretso, lisebelisoa tse nang le trantita ea khanya e phahameng li tla hahlaula letsong le tlase, le ka bokhoba, empa sena ha se joalo kamehla. Lisebelisoa tse ling li na le transita e phahameng haholo empa hape le boleng bo phahameng ba mahlo a phahameng, joalo ka lifilimi tse tšesaane joaloka khalase e halikiloeng [73]. Filimi e lokiselitsoeng tekong ena e ka khetha mongobo o loketseng oa polasetiki le kenyelletso ea chelete ho latela litlhoko.
3.3.5 Liphetho tsa Glycerol le sorbitl ka seliba sa metsi sa Films tsa HPMC
(a) glycerol (b) sorbitl
FOG.3.5 Phello ea Glycerol kapa sorbitoluncy ea metsi a leoatle a Hpmc Films
Setšoantšo sa 3.5 se bonts'a phello ea Glycerol le sorticol ho ea sello sa metsi sa lifilimi tsa HPMC. E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo se nang le kakaretso ea litaba tsa polasetiki, nako ea sello sa metsi e fokotsehile, 'me ho na le qubu e mengata ea HPMC ho feta sorbilil. Lebaka leo Hydroxyproplayl methylcelulose e na le alloudi e ntle ea metsi ke hobane e le teng ka palo e kholo ea lihlopha tsa hydroxyl ka molek'hule ea Hydroyl. Ho tloha tlhahlobong ea sebali sa infrared, ho ka bonoa hore tlholeho ea li-hydroxyl e fokotseha, ka hona, filimi ea metsi e fokotseha.
3.4 likarolo tsa khaolo ena
Ka tlhahlobo e kaholimo ea tšebetso ea lifofane tsa HPMC, e ka bonoa hore li-polasetiki tsa lipalesa le soorbol li ntlafatsa lisebelisoa tsa mochini oa HPMC ebe li eketsa nako ea lifilimi. Ha kenyelletso ea glycerol ke 0.15%, thepa ea mochini e sebetsang ea HPMC e ntle, matla a Tensc a ka bang 60mpa ho tloha 50%; Ha kenyelletso ea Glycerol ke 0.25%, thepa ea mahlo e betere. Ha litaba tsa sorbit e le 0.15%, matla a Fanssile a filimi ea HPMC a ka ba 55Ma, mme nako ea nako e felile e nyoloha ho isa ho 45%. Ha litaba tsa sorbil ke 0.45%, thepa ea mahlo ea filimi e leng betere. Mase inshoudizer a fokotsa li-scoudity tsa metsi tsa lifilimi tsa HpMC, ha sourbonol e ne e se e le matla ho sllubility ea HPMC. Papiso ea litlamorao tsa lipalesa tse peli tse li bonts'ang tsa lifilimi tsa HPMC e bonts'a phello ea polasetiki ea Glycerol lifilimi tsa HPMC e molemo ho feta ea sorbil.
Khaolo ea 4 ea li-agents tse nang le lifapano ho li-filimi tse qhibilihang tsa metsi
TLHOKOMELISO 4.1 Kenyelletso
Hydroxypropypropinyl Methylcelubulose e na le lihlopha tse ngata tsa hydroxyl le lihlopha tsa hydropix tsa hydroxypropoxy, ka hona e na le alloubility e ntle ea metsi. Pampiri ena e sebelisa slubility ea eona e ntle ea metsi ho lokisa filimi e ntle ea metsi le tikoloho e nang le tikoloho ea tikoloho. Ho latela ts'ebeliso ea filimi e qhibilihang metsi, ho felisoa ka potlako ho hlokahala likopo tse ngata, empa ka linako tse ling ho qhala Disolelo le bona [21].
Ka hona, khaolong ena, Khaolo ea Glutaldehyde e sebelisoa e le moetsi oa litlolo bakeng sa ho kopanya filimi ea metsi le ho liehisa nako ea se amohelang metsi. Litlamorao tsa tlatsetso ea bophahamo ba meralo e fapaneng ea bo-Gelutahdehde ka lillo tsa metsi, thepa ea methapo le thepa ea mahlo ea HydroxypropyLulo haholo.
4.2 Ke karolo ea liteko
4.2.1 Lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tsa liteko
Tafole ea 4.1 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko tsa liteko le litlhaloso
4.2.2 Litokisetso tsa SpimMent
1) Ho lekanya: Sekhahla se itseng sa hydroxypropyl methylcelulose (5%) ka tekanyo ea elektroniki;
2) Khaotso mokelikeli o nang le li-glutaldehyde tse anngoeng tse eketsehileng li fumanoa;
3) Ho etsa filimi: a kenya filimi e etsang mokelikeli oa peterole ebe o kenya filimi ka lebokoseng la moea la 45μm, hlahloba filimi, ebe u e beha lebokoseng la ho omella.
4.2.3 Tlhahlobo le tlhahlobo ea ts'ebetso
4,2.1.1 Pentrad Spectroscopy (ft-Ir) Ho sekaseka
Ho fetoloa ha lifilimi tsa HPMC ho ne ho ikemiselitse ho sebelisa Nicolet 5700, Informared Inmpactric Company koala sephiri.
4.2.3.2 Fore-angle X-ray diefraction (xrd)
Sekhahla sa li-x-ray tsa x-ray) ke tlhahlobo ea boemo ba ho lla ha ntho e le maemong a limolek'hule. Letlapa lena, boemo ba kristale ba filimi e tšesaane bo ne bo ikemiselitse ho sebelisa Arl / Xtra X-ray diffaractomete e hlahisoang ke Thermo arl of Switzerland. Maemo a lekanyang: Mohloli oa X-Ray ke mohala oa sefahleho sa NICKEL CU-KCα Li-Cu-K3, 40 ma). Scan angle ho tloha ho 0 ° ho fihlela 80 ° (2θ). Scan Speed 6 ° / min.
4.2.3.3 Ho ikemisetsa ha metsi a letsoai: Joalo ka 2.2.3.4
4.2.3.4 Boikemisetso ba thepa ea mechine
Ho sebelisa Tontron (5943) Mochini oa Teko ea Teko ea Authoriste oa Tentron (Shanghai) Lisebelisoa tsa Teko ea Litoto tsa GB13022- 3%
4.2.3.5 Khothatso ea thepa ea mahlo
U sebelisa teropo ea li-festericance ea haze, khetha sampole ea ho lekoa le ho lekola transment ea mocheso ebile ha e nalise
4.2.4 Ts'ebetso ea data
Lintlha tsa liteko li ne li sebetsoa ka Excel le tse shebiloeng ke software ea pele.
Liphetho tsa 4.3 le puisano
4.3.1 Ke insorted Spectra of Glutaraldehde-crosslin Films ea HPMMC
FOG.4.1 Ft-Ir Films Films Films tlasa litaba tse fapaneng tsa Glutaraldehyde
Ho ikhula sweortroscopy ke mekhoa e matla ea ho tšoaea lihlopha tse sebetsang ka sebopeho sa limolek'hule le ho khetholla lihlopha tse sebetsang. Bakeng sa ho utloisisa liphetoho tsa 'mele oa hydroxypropyLe methylcellulose ka mor'a ho feto-fetoha ha litlhare. Setšoantšo sa 4.1 se bonts'a sephiri sa HPMC se nang le li-glutaraldehyde, le deformation of HPMC Films ea HPMC
Litlhophiso tsa ho monya tse kopaneng tsa - - litlhoro tsa - - li haufi le 3418cm-1 le 1657cm-1. Ho bapisa Stractra e sephara le e sa tsoakoang Molecule e ile ea fokotsoa, e neng e bakoa ke karabelo e hokahanyang pakeng tsa lihlopha tse ling tsa hydroyl tsa HPMC le sehlopha sa Dialddeldehy ho glutaraldehyde [74]. Ntle le moo, ho ile ha fumanoa hore tlatsetso ea Glutaraldehyde ha e fetole boemo ba tlhoro e ntle ea HPMC, e bonts'a hore tlala ea glutaraldehyde ha ea ka ea senya lihlopha tsa HPM ka boeona.
4.3.2 xrd patens of glutaraldehde-crosslin Films tsa hpmc
Ka ho etsa lintho tse fapaneng tsa X-ray 'me u hlahlobe mokhoa oa ho etsa lintho tse fapaneng, ke mokhoa oa ho etsa lipatlisiso mabapi le sebopeho kapa memo ea limoleiti ka hare ho litaba. Setšoantšo sa 4.2 se bonts'a li-paterone tsa Xrd tsa HPMC ka tlatsetso e fapaneng ea glutaldehyde. Ka keketseho ea li-glutaraldehyde, botebo ba litlhōrō tsa HPMC ho pota 9.5 ° le molebeli oa mokhotlo oa bo-Morlutaddehyde. Karabelo ea cross-trice e etsahala lipakeng tsa sehlopha sa hydroyl le sehlopha sa hydroyl seleng ea setšoantšo sa molek'hule sa HPMC
FOG.4.2 Xrd of HPMC Films tlasa litaba tse fapaneng tsa Glutaraldehyde
4.3.3 Liphello tsa Glutaraldehyde ka sello sa metsi sa Films tsa HPMC
Fone.4.3 phello ea glutaraldehyde ka sello sa metsi sa lifofane tsa HPMC
Ho setšoantšo sa 4.3 phello ea tlatsetso e fapaneng ea bo-Gelutaldehyde ea metsi a HPMC, e ka bonoa nako ea lifilimi tsa HPMC e telele. Karabelo ea cross - e etsahala ka sehlopha sa alddehde ho glutaraldehyde, ka hona, ho fokotsa filimi ea metsi le ho fokotsa sello sa filimi ea HPMC.
4.3.4 Phello ea glutaraldehyde ka thepa ea mochini oa hpmc
Fig4.4 phello ea glutaraldehyde ka matla a tennisi le ho roba ntlo ea li-glims tsa HPMC
Bakeng sa ho etsa lipatlisiso ka phello ea li-glutaraldehyde lisebelisoa tsa mochini oa li-hpMC, matla le nako ea nako ea ho phomola. Mohlala, 4.4 ke setšoantšo sa phello ea litlamorao tsa glutaldehdyde ka matla le nako ea ho phomola filimi. Ka keketseho ea glutaraldehyde, matla le nako ea nako ea nako le nako ea nako ea ho phomola ha lifilimi tsa HPMC li eketsehile pele ebe li fokotsehile. Tloaelo ea. Kaha tšeka e hokahanyang ka glutaraldehyde le cellulose e ngata ea li-molek'hule, ka mor'a ho eketsa butle-butle ho etsa tlhahiso ea li-ether, e eketsa thepa ea mochini oa hpmc lifilimi. Ka tlatsetso e tsoelang pele ea Moletaraldehyde, likotsi tse kopaneng ka tharollo, tse bonts'ang hore lifofane tsa nalane li fokola ka mokhoa oa hese Ho tsoa ho setšoantšo sa 4.4, phello ea glutaldeldehyde ho thepa ea mochini oa HPMC e bonts'ang hore ha ho eketsoa ho hongata haholo ho 0.25%
4.3.5 Phello ea glutaraldehyde ka har'a thepa ea mahlo a HPMC Films
Ho fetisoa ha leseli le ho hlohlona ke liparame tse peli tsa bohlokoa tsa ho beha litšoantšo tsa litšoantšo. Ho fetisoa ha fetisetsoa, ho molemo le ho hlaka ha filimi; Haze, hape o tsejoang e le turbility, o supa ho hloka boithati ka mokhoa oa ho hloka boithati, le ho hlobola ha filimi. Setšoantšo sa 4.5 ke tšusumetso e susumetsang ea tlatsetso ea glutaraldehyde ka har'a thepa ea HPMC. E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo se nang le keketseho ea tlatsetso ea glutaraldehyde oa qala ho qala ebe o eketseha. Ha kenyelletso ea glutaraldehyde e ne e le 0,25%, filimi ea HPMC e fihletse boleng bo holimo ba 93%, 'me ha a fihla boleng bo tlase ba 13%. Lekhetlong lena, ts'ebetso ea mahlo e ne e le betere. Lebaka la keketseho ea thepa ea mahlo ke karabelo ea methapo pakeng tsa glutaraldehyde le hydroxyproppy Methyl. Ha moemeli ea hokahanyang lifapano o fetella, libaka tsa ho hokahanya libakeng tse ling li ts'oaroe, ke libaka tsa ho hokahana lipakeng tsa limolema tsa sisteme tsa Glf. Ka hona, thepa ea mahlo ea lifilimi tsa HPMC e fokotsoe [80].
Fone.4.5 Phello ea Glutaraldehyde ka thepa ea Opm ea HPMC Films
4.4 likarolo tsa khaolo ena
Ka tlhahlobo e kaholimo, liqeto tse latelang li huleloa:
1) Setsi sa infraldded-crossliddehde-crosslind ea HPMC
2) Ho nepahetse ho kenyelletsa glutaraldehyde ka mefuta e fapaneng ea 0.25% ho 0,44%. Ha palo ea glutaraldehyde ke 0,25%, thepa e felletseng ea mechini e felletseng le thepa ea mahlo a filimi ea HPMC e betere; Kamora ho hokahana le ho hokahana, ho na le allo ea metsi a hpmc ea nako e telele mme ea nang le metsi a fokotsehile. Ha ho eketsoa palo ea glutaraldehyde ke 0.44%, nako ea Slaole ea Metsi e fihlela ka 135mine.
Kgaolo ea 5 Tlhatlhobo ea tlhaho ea HPMC ea metsi e qhibilihileng ea metsi
Selelekela
Bakeng sa ho holisa ts'ebeliso ea Mydro XyLypropyl methylcelulose ea lijo, e Khaolo ena ea Tlhaho ea Tlhaho ea Tlhaho ea Momboo Hoo Kemisong ea Tlhaho ea Tlhaho ea Bamboo Seteishene sa metsi a Antioxidant HPMC, ithuta thepa ea antioxixidannen, lithupelo tsa metsi, lisebelisoa tsa motlakase li etsa kopo ea eona lits'ebetsong tsa ho paka lijo.
5.2 Karohano ea liteko
5.2.1 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko le lisebelisoa tsa liteko tsa liteko
Tab.5.1 lisebelisoa tsa liteko le litlhaloso tsa liteko
Tab.5.2 lisebelisoa tsa liteko le litlhaloso
5.2.2 Litokisetso tsa mofuta
Lokisetsa lifilimi tsa metsi a hydroxypropyLuloulose 0.05%, 0.07, 0.09%) ea li-antioso tse makhasi a samluulo ho selefouno, 'me u tsoelepele ho hlohlelletsa
Ho tsoakiloe ka botlalo, tlohela ho ema mochesong oa kamore bakeng sa metsotso e 3-5 metsotso e nang le tharollo e fapaneng ea lifilimi tsa bamboo. E omisa ka ontong e matla ea ho omella, 'me u e kenye ka ontong ea ho omella hamorao ka mor'a ho itlosa filimi. Pale ea Hydro Xy ea HydroxyLulo e kenyellelitsoeng ea metsi e kentsoeng ka metsi le makhasi a bamboo e bitsoa aob / hpmc filimi e khuts'oanyane.
5.2.3 Tlhahlobo le tlhahlobo ea ts'ebetso
5.2.3.1 Pent Insorted Spectroscopy (ft-Ir) Ho sekaseka
Li-spectra tsa ho kena-kenana le li-filimi tsa HPMC li lekantsoe ka mokhoa oa ATR li lekantsoe ka mokhoa oa ATR o sebelisa Nicolet 5700 Tikoloho ea Penchet
5.2.3.2 Forod-angle x-ray diefraction (xrd)
5.2.3.3 Khopolo ea thepa ea Antioxidant
Bakeng sa ho lekanya thepa ea lifilimi tse lokiselitsoeng tsa HPM
Ho hlophisoa ha tharollo ea diphh: tlasa maemo a shading, ho qhibiliha 2 mg ea DPHIT ka 40 ml ea dontram ea hau ho etsa junifomo ea tharollo. Boloka ka sehatsetsing (4 ° C) bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea morao.
Ho bua ka mokhoa oa liteko oa Zhong Yarweng [81], e nang le phetoho e nyane, e lekanyelitsoeng ho thothomela (519nm) ka uv Spectrophotometer. ke a0. Tekanyo ea boleng: Kenya 2 ML ea tharollo ea DPH, Lekala le 1 ML ea sehlopha sa HPM Dph mahala e sekaseka mokhoa oa palo ea "Scaveng o bolelang mokhoa o latelang,
Ka foromo: a ho utloa kemiso ea sampole; A0 ke taolo e se nang letho
5.2.3.4 Ntho ea thepa ea mechini: e ts'oanang le 2.2.3.2
5.2.3.5 Morero oa thepa ea mahlo
Litsi tsa mahlo ke matšoao a bohlokoa a ho hlaka ha lifilimi tsa ho paka, haholo-holo ho kenyelletsa transmitance le ho makala ha filimi. Phatlalatso le ho hlolloa ha lifilimi li ne li lekantsoe ho sebelisa tebello ea haze. Phallo ea leseli le ho hlolloa ha lifilimi li lekantsoe ka mocheso oa kamore (25 ° C le 50% RH) ho sampole tsa liteko tse nang le litlolo.
5.2.3.6 Ho ikemisetsa ha metsi a letsoai
Khaola filimi ea 30mmm e nang le bophara ba hoo e ka bang 45μm, eketsa 100ml ea metsi ho ea 200ml e bohareng ba metsi, 'me u lekanya nako ea filimi ho nyamela ka botlalo. Haeba filimi e khomarela leboteng la beaker, e hloka ho lekanngoa hape, 'me litholoana li nkuoa e le karolelano ea makhetlo a 3, yuniti ke metsotso.
5.2.4 ts'ebetso ea data
Lintlha tsa liteko li ne li sebetsoa ka Excel le tse shebiloeng ke software ea pele.
Li-le liphetho tsa 5.3 le ho sekaseka
5.3.1 IR Tlhahlobo ea IR
Fig5.1 FTR ea hpmc le Aob / hpmc films
Ka limolek'hule tsa manyolo, liathomo tse etsang litlamo tsa lik'hemik'hale kapa lihlopha tse sebetsang li boemong ba ho sisinyeha kamehla. Ha limolek'hulek'hulek'hule tsa manyolo li nosoa ka khanya ea lik'hemik'hale, litlamo tsa lik'hemik'hale kapa lihlopha tse sebetsang li ka monya thomo ea lik'hemik'hale ka molek'hule. Setšoantšo sa 5.1 se bonts'a sephiri sa FTIR STURDU EA HPMC filimi le filimi ea AOB / HPMC. Ho Setšoantšo sa 5, ho ka bonoa hore ho siema ha 'mala oa hydroxypropypropyproxle le tloaelane haholo ka 2600 ~ 3700 cm-1. Khatello e matla ea vibration e bohareng ba 950-1250 cm-1 haholo-holo sebaka sa sebopeho sa sebopeho sa Co Skeleton Outching Vibration. Sehlopha sa ho monya se tsamaeang le fipmc cm 3418 cm 3418 cm 357 cm-1 e bakoa ke ho tobana le sebopeho sa hydroxypropox. Libaka tsa ho monya tse 154cm-1, 1315mm-1, 1315cm-1. HPMC e fetotsoe le Aob. Ka kenyelletso ea Aob, boemo ba tlhekefetso ka 'ngoe ea Aob / HPMC ha ea ka ea fetoha, e bonts'a hore tlatsetso ea AOB ha ea ka ea senya lihlopha tsa HPM ka boeona. Motsoako o otlollang oa Bond ho Motsoako oa AOB / HPMC CM-1 CM-Methylene 12], ho ka bonoa hore kenyelletso ea Aob e na le phello ho litlamo tsa ho enta tsa hydrogen.
5.3.2 Tlhahlobo ea Xrd
Fig5.2 Xrd of Hpmc le Aob /
Fig5.2 Xrd of Hpmc le Aob / HPMC Films
Boemo ba kristale ba lifilimi bo hlahlojoa ke li-x-ray tse fapaneng tsa X-ray. Setšoantšo sa 5.2 se bonts'a litšoantšo tsa Xrd tsa Films tsa HPMC le lifilimi tsa Aaob / HPMC. E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo sa hore filimi ea HPMC e na le litlhoro tsa 2 tse fapaneng (1 9.5 °). Ntle le kenyelletso ea Aob, litlhophiso tse fetang 9,5 ° le tsa filimi tsa filimi ea Aob / hpmc li hlophisitsoe ka mokhoa o hlophisehileng. Bokhoni bo fokotsehile, ho bonts'a hore keketso ea Aob e sijoeng ka sebopeho sa molek'hule, 'me sa fokotsa tokisetso ea khafetsa ea methylcellulose.
5.3.3 Thepa ea Antioxidant
Bakeng sa ho hlahloba phello ea tlala ea Aob e fapaneng ka ho hanela lifilimi tsa AOB / HPMC, 0.03%, 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.08%, 0.05%, 0.08, ka ho latellana. Kameho ea sekhahla sa sekhobo sa sekhobo, litholoana li bonts'oa ho setšoantšo sa 5.3.
FOG.5.3 Liphello tsa lifilimi tsa HPMC tlasa litaba tsa AOB ho DPP thabiso
E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo 5.3 Hore kenyelletso ea Aob Antioxidant e ntlafalitse sekhahla sa li-staventa tse ntlafalitsoeng ke lifilimi tsa lifofane tse ileng tsa qala ho nyoloha butle butle butle butle butle butle butle butle ho ile ha fokola butle butle butle butle butle. Ha chelete ea hore Aob e na le 0.03%, filimi ea Aob / hpmc Ha litaba tsa AOB li ne li le 0.05% le 0.07%, sekhahla sa filimi ea mahala ea AOB / HPMC e ne e phahame ho feta ea sehlopha sa 0,01%, empa haholo sehlopha sa 0,03%. Sena se ka ba ka lebaka la li-antioxidants tse feteletseng tlatsetso ea Aob e lebisitse ho agggemetion of Aob limolek'hule tsa AOB Ho ka bonoa hore filimi ea AOB / HPMC e lokiselitsoe tekong e na le ts'ebetso e ntle ea oxidation. Ha palo ea tekano e le 0.03%, ts'ebetso ea oxidation ea axida ea aob / hpmc ke eona e matla.
5.3.4 scoudity ea metsi
Ho Setšoantšo sa 5.4, phello ea li-antioo tsa makhasi a samlubity ea metsi a hydroxypropyLulolose lifilimi tsa Aob. Kamora ho eketsa Aob, le palo ea palo ea palo ea Aob, nako e quloang metsing ea filimi e ne e le khuts'oane ea metsi-aob / hpmc e ne e le betere. Ka mantsoe a mang, tlatsetso ea AOB e ntlafatsa sekhahla sa metsi sa Aob / HPMC. Ho tloha tlhahlobong ea X e fetileng, ho ka bonoa hore ka mor'a ho eketsa Aob, Crystallility ea AOB / HPMC Sello sa metsi sa filimi.
FOG.5.4 Phello ea AOB ka li-welliple tsa WAPMC Films
5.3.5 thepa ea mochini
Fig5.5 Phello ea Aob ho matla a Tense le ho roba haration of Hpmc Films
Tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse tšesali tse tšesali li na le theko e ngata, 'me thepa ea eona e matla,' me thepa ea eona e matla ea ho etsa litšebeletso e na le tšusumetso e kholo boits'oarong ba tšebeletso ea membrane e fetohileng hotspot e kholo. Setšoantšo sa 5.5 se bonts'a matla le nako ea nako ea nako ea nako ea ho khaola li-curve tsa Aob / HPMC. E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo sa hore tlatsetso ea AOB e na le litlamorao tse kholo ho thepa ea mechini ea lifilimi. Kamora ho eketsa Aob, le keketseho ea keketso ea AOB, AOB / HPMC. Matla a tsoang ho filimi a ne a bonts'a tiiso e tlase, ha leqhubu le qetetse ho etsa mokhoa oa ho eketseha ebe o fokotseha. Ha litaba tsa Aob li ne li le 0.01%, ho na le nako ea ho senya filimi e fihletsoeng boleng bo holimo ba ka 45%. Phello ea aob ho thepa ea mochini oa li-hpmc e totobatsoang. Ho tloha ho sekaseka sa Xrd, ho ka bonoa hore ho eketsoa filimi ea Aob / HPMC, ka ho etsa joalo e fokotse filimi ea AOB / HPMC. Nako ea ho khelosa lits'ila ebe e fokotseha, hobane AOB e na le alloube e ntle ea metsi le ntho e nyane ea limolek'hule. Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho lumellana le HPMC, matla a kopaneng lipakeng tsa limolek'hule li fokolisitsoe mme ho na le filimi. Sebopeho se thata se etsa hore filimi ea AOB / HPMC e bonolo ebile e ntse e eketseha nakong ea phomolo ea filimi e eketsehang; Ha Aob e ntse e tsoela pele ho eketsa, nako e telele e fokotseha, hobane filimi e hatelloa ka lebaka la li-chirolecules, e le hore filimi e khaotse Movie ea Aob / hpmc ea fokotseha.
5.3.6 Thepa ea mahlo
Fig5.6 Kaho ea Aob ho thepa ea OpTical ea Films ea HPMC
Serati ea 5.6 ke graph e bonts'a phetoho ea ho fetisoa le ho tsitsipana ha li-films tsa Aob / hpmc. E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo se nang le keketseho ea palo ea aob e eketsoeng, transmitation ea AOB / HPMC e fokotseha le khatello ea mahlo. Ha litaba tsa Aob li sa feteng 0.05 Ha litaba tsa Aob li fetisa 0.05%, litheko tsa phetoho ea transpentance ea khanya le Haze li ile tsa emisoa. Ka hona, palo ea Aob e ekelitsoeng ha ea lokela ho feta 0.05%.
Likarolo tse 5.4 tsa khaolo ena
Ho nka li-antioxidant tse makhasi a bamboo (aob) e le methylcluulonant methylcelulose (HPMC) e hlophisitsoe ka lifilimi le ho ba le mokhoa oa ho botsa. Sesebelisoa sa metsi a AOB / HPMC se lokiselitsoeng tekong ena ho na le thepa e sebetsang ea anti-oxidation. Movie ea Aob / HPMC e nang le 0.03% AOB e na le sekhahla se ka bang 89% bakeng sa li-radicals tsa sejoale-joale, 'me katleho e ntle ho feta ea aob. Filimi ea HPMC ho 61% e ntlafalitsoe. Scorility ea metsi e boetse e ntlafala haholo, 'me thepa ea mochini le thepa ea mahlo e fokotsehile. Ho hanyetsa sets'oants'o sa oxidation sa axidation sa aob / HPMC
KHAOLO EA VI QETELA
1) Hape ke le keketseho ea tharollo ea tharollo ea lifilimi tsa HPMC, thepa ea tšebetso ea pele ea lifilimi e ile ea eketseha ebe e fokotseha. Ha HPMC e theha lithaelese ea HPMC e etsa 5%, thepa ea mochini e neng e le betere, le matla a mashome a masoha e ne e le 116mpa. Nako ea nako e telele e ka ba 31%; Mesebetsi ea mahlo le thepa ea metsi ea metsi.
2) Ka keketseho ea filimi e theha mocheso, thepa ea mofuta oa lifilimi e ile ea eketseha ka pele, 'me qubuli ea metsi e fokotsehile. Ha mocheso oa lifilimi o le 50 ° C, ts'ebetso ea kakaretso e ka ba 116Ma, e leng nako ea leseli e loketseng ho 50 ° C.
3) Ho sebelisa litlolo tsa boselamose ho ntlafatsa mathata a li-glyc tsa HPMC, ho eketsoa lifilimi tsa HPMC Ha palo ea li-glycerol e eketsoa pakeng tsa 0,15% le 0.25%, ho ne ho tlolo ea filimi ea HPMC, 'me matla a mashome a matsoalloa a ne a ka ba 60mpa.
4) Ka keketso ea sorbitol, ntlo e ka senya filimi e eketsa pele ebe e fokotseha. Ha kenyelletso ea sorbit e ka ba 0,15%, nako ea nako e telele e khaotsoe 45% le matla a mashome a maketse ke 55Ma.
5) Ho eketsoa ha mekotla e 'meli, Glycerol le sorticol, ka bobeli ba fokotsa thepa ea mahlo le sekhahla sa metsi sa hpmc, mme ho fokotseha ha ho se hoholo. Ha e bapisoa le phello ea polasetiki ea lisele tsa bosetlelete ho lifilimi tsa HPMC, ho ka bonoa hore phello ea polasetiki ea Glycerol e molemo ho feta ea sorbil.
6) Ka ho ikhula skricroscopy (FTIR) le tlhahlobo ea X-angol X-e hokahanyang le HPMC le Crystallininininity li ile tsa ithutoa. Ka kenyelletso ea moemeli oa moemeli oa cross Gent Gelutaldehyde, matla a mashome a mahlano le nako ea nako ea nako ea phomolo ea ntoa ea HPMC e qalile ebe e fokotsehile. Ha kenyelletso ea glutaraldehyde ke 0.25%, thepa e felletseng ea lifilimi tsa HPMC e betere; Kamora ho hokela ho qeta nako e ngata, nako ea sello ea metsi e nka nako e telele, 'me sello sa metsi se fokotseha. Ha kenyelletso ea glutaraldehyde ke 0,444%, nako ea se amohelang metsi e fihla ho 135min.
7) Ho kenyelletsa boholo ba aob ka tharollo ea tlhaho ea lifilimi tsa hpmc, filimi e sotlehileng ea Aob / hpmc e na le thepa e sebetsang ea axidal. Movie ea AOB / HPMC e nang le 0.03% AOB e eketsoang 0,03% AOB ho Scaringe DPP ho feta tekano ea theko e tlase ea ho tlosa Scorility ea metsi e boetse e ntlafala haholo, 'me thepa ea mochini le thepa ea mahlo e fokotsehile. Ha palo e eketsoa ea 0,03% Aob, phello ea anti-oxidation ea filimi e ntle, le ntlafatso ea filimi ea axidation ea axidation ea axida.
Nako ea poso: Sep-29-2022