Litlamorao tsa HydropypropyL Methylcelllll (HPMC)

Litla-morao tsa HydroxypropyLe Methylcelllll (HPMC) ka har'a thepa ea Frozen e amanang le methapo ea maikutlo le methchanisms
Ho ntlafatsa thepa ea ts'ebetso ea hlama e halikiloeng ho na le bohlokoa bo tiileng ba ho hlokomela hore ho be le bohobe bo boholo bo leselitsoeng. Thutong ena, mofuta o mocha oa mofuta o mocha oa hydrophilic Colloid (hydroxypropyproppyl methylcelulo, Yang, MC) e ile ea sebelisoa ho hlama ea hoamero. Litlamorao tsa 0.5%, 1%, 2%) ka har'a hlaola ea lehloa le boleng ba bohobe bo belisitsoeng ho lekola sephetho sa lintlafatso tsa HPMC. Tšusumetso ea sebopeho le thepa ea likarolo (Whet Gluten, Whet STREETH LE TABELE).
Liphetho tsa liteko tsa ho hloka liteko le ho otlolla ha HPMC liphethelong tse kentsoeng ke HPMC li ile tsa senyeha. Ntle le moo, ho ile ha ntlafatsoa molumo o ikhethang, bophahamo ba bohobe bo entsoeng ka bohobe bo ile ba ntlafatsoa, ​​'me ho thata ho fokotseha ka mor'a 2% hpmc e ne e le leqhoa ka matsatsi a 60.
Wheat Gluten ke motheo oa ho thehwa ha sebopeho sa marang-rang. Liteko li fumane hore keketseho ea I - IPMC e fokolitse phetoho lipakeng tsa liprotheine tsa koro nakong ea polokelo ea mariha. Ntle le moo, liphetho tsa masapo a matla a likhoele tsa likhoele tse tlase le phapang e lekantsoeng, ka tsela e fapaneng ea ho khutlisa lefu la leqhoa le ts'ebetso ea eona ea ho hlaphoheloa. Scanning Seccihlanne Microscope o ile a bontša ka kotloloho hore tlatsetso ea HPMC e ne e ka boloka botsitso ba sebopeho sa marang-rang sa Gluctien.
Statch ke taba e phahameng haholo ho feta hlama, 'me liphetoho mohabeng oa eona li tla ama litšobotsi tsa gelatin le boleng ba sehlahisoa sa ho qetela. X. Liphetho tsa li-X-ray li bonts'a hore li-kricstallinity tsa sterch li ile tsa eketseha le li-gelatanization. Ka nako ea nako ea nako ea toro ea Frozenn, matla a ho ruruha a se nang starinization butle, ke boleng ba ho qetela, pono ea ho qetela le ho chesoa) kaofela e ile ea eketseha haholo; Nakong ea polokelo, ha ho bapisoa le sehlopha sa taolo, ka keketseho ea HPMC ea HPMC, liphetoho tsa sebopeho sa jelatinization le gelaninization li fokotsehile butle.
Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea khase ea khase ea tomoso e na le tšusumetso ea bohlokoa boleng ba lihlahisoa tse betliloeng tsa phofo. Ka liteko, ho fumanoe hore, tlatsetso ea HLMC e fokotsehile ka mor'a matsatsi a 60 ea ho koala le palo ea HPMC e ne e atiloe ka bongata.
Liphetho li bontšitse hore HPMC e ka eketsoa ka hlama e ncha e le mofuta o mocha oa Crypoprotectert ho ntlafatsa thepa ea eona ea ho sebetsa le boleng ba bohobe bo mo kenngoeng.
Mantsoe a bohlokoa: Bohobe ba betselitsoeng; hlama ea leqhoa; HydroxypropypropyLulose; Whet Gluten; starch ea koro; tomoso.
Tafole ea likateng
KHAOLO EA 1 Selelekela .................................................................................................................................................................................
Boemo ba morao-rao ba lipatlisiso lapeng le kantle ho naha .................................................................................................................................................
Selelekela sa Mansuiqi .........................................................................................................................
11.2 Boemo ba lipatlisiso tsa li-buns tsa mohloa .................................................................................. . ............ 1
1.1.3 Kenyelletso ea Frozen Frozen ...................................................................................................................
1.1.4 Mathata le liphephetso tsa hlama ea frozen .........................................................................
11.5 Boemo ba ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa hlama ea hoama .............................................................. ............................................................. 4
1.1.6 Kopo ea hydrocolloids ka ntlafatso ea boleng ba mafura a hoamo ea Frozen
1.1.7 HydroxypropypropypropypropypropyL methyl celllolose, I-ipmc) .......... 5
112 Morero le bohlokoa ba thuto .....................................................................................................................
1.3 Maano a sehlooho a thuto .....................................................................................................................................................................................................
Khaolo ea 2 ea tlatsetso ea HPMC kamapeng la ts'ebetso ea hlama ea lehloa le boleng ba bohobe bo bobebe ...
Kenyelletso ea 2.1
Lisebelisoa tsa liteko tsa liteko le mekhoa ...
2.2.1 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko .........................................................................................................................................................................
2.2.2 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko tsa liteko .................................................................................................
2.2.3 Mekhoa ea liteko .....................................................................................................................
2.3 Liphetho le lipuisano tsa liteko .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11
2.3.1 Index ea likarolo tsa mantlha tsa phofo ea koro .............................................................................
2.3.2 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC bakeng sa thepa e hole ea hlama ea hlama .............................
2.3.3 Liphello tsa tlatsetso ea HPMC Mefuta ea Tema ea Hlakoso ea hlama .........................................
2.3.4 Liphello tsa tlatsetso ea HPMC le nako ea ho bata methapong ea Rheology ea hlama ea Rheology ea hlama .......................................................................... .................................................................................................
2.3.5 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC e le haufi le nako ea polokelo ea metsi (GW) ka hlama e nang le lehloa ...
2.3.6 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le nako ea ho bata ho boleng ba bohobe bo tsamaeang .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2.4 Khaolo ea Ka3
Khaolo ea 3 ea tlatsetso ea HPMC e kenyellelitsoeng sebopeho le thepa ea profen ea koro tlasa maemo a boqhetsi ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3.1 Selelekela .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3.2.1 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko .........
3.2.2 lisebelisoa tsa liteko ...................................................................................................................................
3.2.3 Libaka tsa liteko ......................................................................... .................. 25
3.2.4 Mekhoa ea liteko ........................................................................................................................................................... 25
3. Liphetho le Puisano .....................................................................................................................................................................................................
3.3.1 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le nako ea ho bata merung ea Rheological ea Glucture boima .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3.3.2 Phello ea ho eketsa palo ea nako ea HPMC le e batang ka har'a setereke se se nang moeli (CFW) le botsitso ba futhumatsang ................................................................................................................................... 30
3.3.3 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC Nako ea polokelo ea SULFHYDRYL CHEME Content Content (C Vossel) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. . 34
3.3.4 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC nako le nako ea polokelo ea ho phomola ka nako ea ho phomola
3.3.5 Liphetho tsa HPMC li sa ntse li boloka nako ea polokelo le nako ea polokelo ea li-gluten ea Gluten .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3.3.6 Liphetho tsa Fipmc litheolelo le nako ea ho bata le ho bata hydrophobicicity ea hrydrophofonicity ea profentine ea Gluction .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3.3.7 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC li sa tšoarelle le nako ea polokelo ea marang-rang ka sebopeho sa marang-rang sa gluten .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3.4 Khaolo ea Ka3 .................................................................................................................................................
Khaolo ea 4 ea kenyelletso ea HPMC ho sebopeho sa sebopeho le thepa tlasa maemo a polokelo ea lehloa .............................................................................................................................................................
4.1 Selelekela ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 44
4.2 Lisebelisoa le mekhoa ea liteko ............................................................................................................. 45
4.2.1 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko ......................................................................................................................... ..
4.2.2 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko ...
4.2.3 Mokhoa oa liteko .............................................................................................................................................................................................................
Litlhahlobo tsa 4.3 le puisano ... ................................................................................................... 48
4.3.1 Litaba tsa likarolo tsa mantlha tsa lits'oants'o tsa koro ......................................................................... 48
4.3.2 Liphetho tsa nako ea I-ipmc tsa ipmc le nako ea polokelo ea lehloa ka litloholo tsa gelatinization tsa starch ea koro .............................................................................................................................
4.3.3 Liphello tsa tlatsetso ea HPMC le nako ea polokelo ea liqhomane tsa shear tsa starch paset 52
4.3.4 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC ATCE le nako ea polokelo ea lehloa ho ViscoelalaTition of Strans DAP .....................................................................................................
Tlhaho ea 4,5 ea ho eketsoa ka nako ea ho boloka chelete le nako ea polokelo ea lehloa
4.3.6 Liphetho tsa nako ea I-ipmc tsa ipmc le nako ea polokelo ea lehloa hodima thepa ea thermodynamic ka har'a starch ea thermodynamic ka har'a starch . 57
4.3.7 Liphetho tsa HPMC tse eketsang nako ea polokelo ea HPMC ho nako e kenang ea polokelo ka kristanta ea Introvellinity ea strch ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4.4 Khaolo ea Kano ................................................................................................................................................................................. 6 1
KHAOLO EA 5 ea kenyelletso ea HPMC Sekhahla sa Pholokiso le ts'ebetso ea belisoa tlasa maemo a polokelo ea lehloa ............................... . 62
5.1introdudududududududududuction ... 62
Lisebelisoa tsa 5.2 le mekhoa ................................................................................................................. 62
5.2.1 Lisebelisoa le liletsa tsa liteko .........................................................................................
5.2.2 Mekhoa ea liteko. . . . . ......................................................................... 63
Liphetho tsa 5.3 le puisano: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 64
5.3.1 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le nako ea ho bata ka bophahamo ba hlama ...................................................................................................................................................................
5.3.2 Liphetho tsa lisosa tsa HPMC li lekantsoe le nako ea ho bata le nako ea ho phela ha le tsose tomoso ea Pholoso ...
5.3.3 Liphello tsa palo ea HPMC le ho bata nako ea li-clitathione tsa hlama ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... "
5.4 Khaolo ea Kano ................................................................................. 67
Khaolo ea 6 le litebello .............................................................................................
6.1 Phetetso ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 68
6.2 Poy ... 68
Lethathamo la lipapiso
Setšoantšo sa 1.1 Mokhoa oa sebopeho sa hydroxypropypropyl methylcelulese ........................ . 6
Setšoantšo sa 2.1 Phello ea Chelete ea HPMC Mefuta ea Rheology ea Hla Linght ea Frozen .............................................................................................................................................................
Setšoantšo sa 22 sa tlatsetso ea HPMC ea HPMC ka nako e ikhethang ea boholo ba bohobe bo ngolisitsoeng .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Setšoantšo sa 2.3 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le nako ea ho bata ha ho thatafala ha bohobe ba mosire ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................
Setšoantšo sa 2.4 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le nako ea ho bata ho elasticity ea bohobe ba mosifa ... . 20
Setšoantšo sa 3.1 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le nako ea ho bata merung ea Rheological ea Gluten ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30
Setšoantšo sa 3.2 Liphello tsa tlatsetso ea HPMC le Nako e batang ea li-glutnamic tsa koro ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... . 34
Setšoantšo sa 3. Lokch of HPMC 35
Setšoantšo sa 3.4 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC li sa tšoarelle ka mokhoa oa ho boloka nako (n) ea Gluten .............................................................
Setšoantšo sa 3.5 Whet Gluten Spectrain Speccuer Spectrum ea sehlopha sa Maiketsetso III ka mor'a Deconvolution le ho ba le matla a bobeli a loketseng .....................................................
Setšoantšo sa 3.6 Papiso .....................................................................................................................
Setšoantšo sa 3.7 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le Nako e batang ea mabenkele a microscopic Glutlen sebopeho sa marang-rang ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 43
Setšoantšo sa 4.1 starch "gelatination gelatinization ea" 51
Setšoantšo sa 4.2 mokelikeli oa thipa oa stats paseka ................................................................................................... 52
Setšoantšo sa 4,3 Liphetho tsa nako ea MC le tse batang ho Viscoelalalalay ea baseresiti vers paset 57
Setšoantšo sa 4.4 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le Nako ea polokelo ea mahala ka mokhoa oa ho ruruha oa strch ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Setšoantšo sa 4.5 Liphetho tsa HPMC tsa polokelo ea polokelo le nako ea polokelo ea li-starmadynamic hodima therperties ea thermodynamic . 59
Setšoantšo sa 4.6 Litlamorao tsa tlatsetso ea HPMC le Nako ea polokelo ea lits'ila ho X .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Setšoantšo sa 5.1 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le nako ea ho bata ntlheng ea bopaki ba hlama .......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Figure 5.2 The effect of HPMC addition and freezing time on the yeast survival rate…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... ． 67
Setšoantšo sa 5.3 ho shebiloe ka microscopic of tomoso (milloscopic tlhahlobo ea miness) ................................................................................................................................... 68
Setšoantšo sa 5.4 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le nako ea ho bata ho glitathione (Gsh )6 ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Lenane la liforomo
Tafole 2.1 Sekhechana sa mantlha sa phofo ea koro .......................................................................................................... 11
Tafole ea 2.2 Phello ea chelete ea I-ipmc hodima thepa e hole ea hlama ea hlama ....................... 11
Tafolehi 2.3 Phello ea tlatsetso ea I-ipmc bakeng sa thepa ea hlama ea hlama ............................................. .14
Tafole 2.4 Liphello tsa Nako ea I-IpmC e le nako ea ho bata le nako ea ho bata kapa ea CF) ea hlama ea lehloa .........................................................................................................................................
Tafole ea 2,5 ea nako ea I-ipmc ea ho boloka thepa le maemo a polokelo ea makhoaba a bosholu ba bohobe bo tsamaeang .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Tafole ea 3.1 Dititi tsa metsoako ea mantlha ho Gluten .....................................................................................
Tafole ea 3.2 Liphello tsa nako ea I-ipmc e le haufi le nako ea ho ts'oaroa ha karolo ea sehlooho (YI IV) le litaba tsa metsi tsa mahala (e roc. 31
Tafole ea 3.3 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC e lekanyelitsoeng le nako ea polokelo ea mocheso ka mocheso oa Pelak (sehlahisoa) ea Dout ea koro ... 33
Tafole 3.4 maemo a phahameng a meaho ea bobeli ea protheine le likabelo tsa bona ........ .37
Tafole ea 3.5 Liphetho tsa tlatsetso ea HPMC le nako ea ho bata mohahong oa bobeli oa koro .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Table 3.6 Effects of I-IPMC addition and freezing storage time on the surface hydrophobicity of wheat gluten……………………………………………………………………………………………. 41
Tafole 4.1 Likahare tsa Metsoako ea Motheo ea Leroto la Koro ......... ..................................................... 49
Tafole ea 4.2 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC e le nako ea polokelo ea lehloa le likarolo tsa gelatinization tsa celatin .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Litsela tsa 4.3 Litlamorao tsa Tlatsetso ea I-Ipmc 55
Tafole ea 4.4 Liphello tsa nako ea I-I-ipmc tsa polokelo ea lehloa le sebaka sa polokelo ea li-starmadynamic hodima li-statinitication tsa starch "gelatinization -.
Khaolo ea 1 ea seithuti
1.1reserch boemo ba lapeng le kantle ho naha
1.1.1introdududuction ea bohobe
Bohobe bo halikiloeng bo bua ka lijo tse entsoeng ho hlama ka mor'a ho paka le ho thekesela. Joaloka lijo tsa khale tsa China tsa China, bohobe ba mafika bo na le nalane e telele ebile bo tsejoa e le "bohobe bo Bochabela". Hobane sehlahisoa sa eona se phethiloeng ke hemispherical kapa ka sebopeho se bonolo Ke lijo tse tloaelehileng naheng ea habo rona, haholo-holo baahi ba leboea. Litlaleho tsa tšebeliso ea li-2/3 tsa lihlahisoa tsa lihlahisoa ka leboea, 'me hoo e ka bang 46% ea sebopeho sa lijo se jareteng [[21].
1.1.2research boemo ba bohobe bo motiloeng
Hajoale, lipatlisiso tse nang le bohobe bo ngolisitsoeng haholo bo shebane le lintlha tse latelang:
1) Ntlafatso ea li-busk tsa sebopeho tse ncha tse belisitsoeng. Ka sengoliloeng sa bohobe se belisitsoeng se entsoeng ka thepa le tse ling tsa lintho tse sebetsang, tse ncha tsa makhoaba a betliloeng le ts'ebetso. Theha tekanyetso ea tlhahlobo ea boleng ba lijo-thollo tse fapaneng e entsoe ka tlhabollo ea karolo ea sehlooho; Fu et A1. (2015) Lemon e eketsa pomax e nang le fimace e nang le fantisi ea phepo le polifeeli. Hao & Beta (2012) o ithutile ka harese le khanya (e nang le lintho tse bililoeng) ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso; Shiau et a1. .
2) Patlisiso tiiso ea ts'ebetso le ho kopanya phofo e khethehileng bakeng sa bohobe bo ngolisitsoeng. Kameho ea matla a phofo ea phofo ka boleng ba hlama le lithunya tse halikiloeng le lipatlisiso tse ncha tsa phofo e khethehileng bakeng sa likhoele tse khethehileng bakeng sa litlatsetso tse kentsoeng. Mohlala, litlamorao tsa mekhoa e fapaneng ea lesela le fapaneng le boleng ba phofo le mekotla e rohiloeng ea 7] 81; Kameho ea komporo ea komporo ea Waxy ea Waxy ea boleng ba bohobe ba motsamaisi [9j et al.; ZHU, Huang, & Khan (2001) o hlahlobiloe phello ea liprotheine tsa koro ka boleng ba hlama le ka leboea, boleng ba bohobe bo kentsoeng; Zhang, et A1. . eba le ts'usumetso ea bohlokoa [11].
3) Patlisiso ho litokisetso tsa hlama le ho etsa theknoloji ea ho etsa theknoloji. Patlisiso e shebiloeng ka tšusumetso ea maemo a tlhahiso ea litholoana tse belisitsoeng ka boleng ba eona le ho sebetsa ka botlalo; LIU CHA CHANGHONG ET . E na le tšusumetso e kholo ho tlhahlobo ea kutlo. Haeba maemo a ts'ebetso a sa lokela a joalo, a tla etsa hore sehlahisoa se fetohe boputsoa, ​​bo lefifi kapa bo mosehla. Liphetho tsa lipatlisiso li bontša hore nakong ea mosebetsi oa hlamatso, boholo bo eketsoang ho fihla ho 45%, theko ea bosoeu e lekantsoe le meea e tšoeu e ne e le eona e ntle ka ho fetisisa. Ha u bina hlama makhetlo a 15-20 ka nako e le 'ngoe, hlama e le lerootho, e boreleli, e boreleli ebile e boreleli; Ha karolelano ea liroboto ke 3: 1, pampiri ea hlama e benyang, 'me tšoeu la bohobe ba motsoe e entsoe; Li, et A1. .
4) Patlisiso mabapi le ntlafatso ea boleng bo holimo. Patlisiso e mabapi le tlatsetso le ts'ebeliso ea melemo ea boleng ba matla a leholimo a beoalloeng; Haholo-holo ho kenyeletsoa (joalo ka li-enzymes, li-antiorister tse ling tsa [14] lefu la Celiac (litlhoko tsa bakuli ba nang le lefu la Celiac.
5) Ho boloka le ho hanyetsa botsofaling ba bohobe bo bopehileng le mecha e amanang le eona. Pan lijun et al. . Wang, et A1. (2015) o ile a ithuta litlamorao tsa protheine ea protheine ea gluten. Liphello li bontšitse hore litšitiso tsa metsi le starch tsa ho iphetetsa e ne e le mabaka a sehlooho a ho tsofala bafung.
6) Patlisiso e sebelisang libaktheria tse ncha tse nyarosoang le sonoma. Jiang, et A1. (2010) ts'ebeliso ea chatetomium Sp. ho belisoa ho hlahisa XYLanase (ka thermateble) ka bohobe [2l '; Gerez, et A1. . WU, et al. . le gerez, et A1. (2012) o sebelisitse litšobotsi tse peli tsa bactic acid ho potlakisa hlidrolysis ea Gliadin ho fokotsa ho kuta moriri ho fokotsa ho kuta moriri
7) Patlisiso e mabapi le hlama ea leqhoa e tsoang ho bohobe bo beoa.
Har'a bona, bohobe ba beara e besitsoeng ke ho tsofala tlasa maemo a tšoarellang tlas'a maemo a kopano, e leng ntho ea bohlokoa e thibelang nts'etsopele ea tlhahiso ea bohobe le ho lokisa indasteri. Kamora botsofali, boleng ba bohobe bo motiloeng bo fokotsehile - botala bo fokola ebile bo thata, boleng bo fokolisang, tšilafalo le pherekano li fokotsehile, 'me boleng ba phepo bo fokotseha. Sena ha se ama feela bophelo ba eona ba sesy, empa hape se baka litšila tse ngata. Ho latela lipalo, tahlehelo ea selemo le selemo ea ho tsofala ke 3% ea tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tsa phofo. 7%. Ka ntlafatso ea litekanyetso tsa batho le tlhokomeliso e potlakileng ea indasteri ea lijo, le ho boloka lijo tse sireletsehileng tsa sefika, 'me u fumane lihlahisoa tse nang le lijo tse telele tse nang le litlolo tse ngata le tse bonolo E thehiloe ho semelo sena, hlama e halikiloeng e bile teng, 'me tsoelo-pele ea eona e ntse e phahama.
1.1.3introdududuction ea hlama ea hoa frozen
Hlara ea lehloa ke theknoloji e ncha ea ts'ebetso le tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tsa phofo tse entsoeng ka bo-1950. Haholo-holo e bua ka tšebeliso ea phoro ea koro e le ntho e ka sehloohong ea koro le metsi kapa tsoekere e le 'ngoe e thusang. Lits'ebetso tse kentsoeng kapa tse sa tlotsitsoeng, tse sephara tse futhumetseng li hlahisa sehlahisoa se tukang, le lihlahisoa tse halikiloeng, tse phehiloeng, tse phehiloeng joalo.
Ho latela ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso, hlama e hoamisitsoeng e ka aroloa ka mefuta e mene.
a) Mokhoa oa Frozen oa Hlaq
b) Mokhoa oa ho paka pele le o bataletseng oa hlama: karolo e le 'ngoe e chesoa, e le' ngoe e le lehloa, e le 'ngoe e phehiloe (e le' ngoe e phehiloeng (e le 'ngoe e phehiloeng (e le' ngoe e phehiloeng (e ntse e phehiloe (e le 'ngoe e phehiloeng.
c) Hlatsoa pele Hlara pele: hlama e arotsoe sengoathoana ebile e thehiloe ka botlalo, e behiloe ka botlalo, e halikiloeng ebe e pheha le ho pheha, e ntse e phehoa, e jj.)
d) Hlatsoa ka botlalo hlama e hlakileng: hlama e etsoa sekoting sa eona ebe e ipona ka botlalo, ebe e leqhoa le metso e halikiloeng ebile e tletse e futhumetseng.
Ho qala ha phula ea mariha ha ho bolele maemo bakeng sa tlhahiso ea indasteri, e ka fokotsoa ka nako ea ho sebetsa, le litšenyehelo tsa mosebetsi. Ka hona, ntho ea botsofali ea lijo tsa bijounga e ajoa ka botlalo, 'me e qala ho nka bophelo ba sehatsehale tsa sehlahisoa seo se fihleloa ho sona. Ka hona, haholo-holo Europe, Amerika, la Japan, Japane, bohobe ba French), li-muffin), li-muffin), li-muffin), li-muffin), li-cookie), li-cookie), li-cookie
Likamore le lihlahisoa tse ling tsa bijoung le li na le likhato tse fapaneng tsa ho qopisa [26-27]. Ho latela lipalo-palo tse sa phethahalang, ka 1990, 80% ea li-e 80% ea li-e United States e sebelisitse hlama ea leqhoa; 50% ea li-robaka ea Japane le eona e sebelisitse hlama ea lehloa. Lekholong la mashome a mabeli
Ka bo-1990, theknoloji ea khatello ea likhama e halikiloeng e ile ea hlahisoa Chaena. Ka nts'etsopele e tsoelang pele ea mahlale le theknoloji le ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea litekanyetso tsa batho, theknoloji ea mapolanka e tsoelang pele e na le tebello ea ntlafatso le sebaka se seholo sa ntlafatso
1.1.4problems le liphephetso tsa hlama ea frozen
Lekhabunyane la masela le leqhubu la lehloa ntle le ho fana ka mohopolo o ka etsahalang bakeng sa tlhahiso ea indasteri ea lijo tsa setso tse tloaelehileng tsa China joalo ka bohobe ba chitja. Leha ho le joalo, theknoloji ena ea ts'ebetso e ntse e na le mefokolo e itseng, haholo-holo tlasa maemo a bolelele, tekanyo e phahameng, tahlehelo ea metsi, e fokotsehileng ea metsi le boleng bo fokotsehileng. Ntle le moo, ka lebaka la ho bata
Hlama ke karolo e mengata (mongobo, protheine, sebopeho se tiileng (se nang le limoleke)
Boithuto bo boholo bo fumane hore sebopeho le kholo ea likristale tsa lehloa li le ntho ea bohlokoa e lebisang ho fokotsang boleng ba sehlahisoa [291]. Litlolo tsa leqhoa ha li fokotsa sekhahla sa ho pholoha, empa le sona se ama lisele tsa tolkène, tse ling li fokotsa khase ea gluten. Ntle le moo, maemong a polokelo ea lehloa, mocheso oa mocheso o ka baka likristale tsa leqhoa hore li hōle ka lebaka la ho pheta-pheta [30]. Ka hona, mokhoa oa ho laola litlamorao tsa sebopeho sa leqhoa, Gluten le Tomoso ke senotlolo sa ho rarolla mathata a kaholimo, mme le eona ke tšimo e chesang. Lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng, bafuputsi ba bangata ba kile ba etsa mosebetsi ona oa mosebetsi ona ba bile ba etsa liqeto tse itseng tse behang litholoana. Leha ho le joalo, ho ntse ho na le likheo le tse ling tse sa rarolloang le tse arohaneng tšimong ena, tse hlokang ho hlahlojoa hape, joalo ka:
A) Ho khaotsa boleng ba hlama ea leqhoa le koalehileng ka nako le kholo ea likarolo tse tharo tsa leqhoa ka sebopeho le tomoso), e ntse e le bothata), e ntse e le bothata), e ntse e le bothata), e ntse e le bothata), e ntse e le bothata), e ntse e le taba. Hotspots le litaba tsa mantlha tšimong ena ea lipatlisiso;
b) Hobane ho na le liphapang tse itseng polokelong ea ts'ebetso le tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa le foromo e fapaneng ea phofo ea phofo ho hola ka ho kopana le mekhatlo e fapaneng ea lipalesa;
c) atoloha, a ntlafatse le ho sebelisa ntso e ncha ea boleng ba lirokhoe tse halikiloeng, tse kenyelletsang ts'ebetso ea likhoebo tsa tlhahiso le boqapi le taolo ea litšenyehelo tsa ho reka. Hajoale, e sa hloloe ke ho eketsehileng le ho hola;
d) Liphello tsa hydrocolloid mabapi le ntlafatso ea boleng ba lihlahisoa tsa lekhalo le mechini e amanang le eona e ntse e fumaneha hape e hlalositsoe ka mokhoa o hlalositsoeng.
1.1.5research boemo ba hlama ea leqhoa
Ka lebaka la mathata le mathata a mapolanka a lehloa, patlisiso e telele ea ho senya menoana le ntlafatso ea boleng ba lipatlisiso tsa boima ba Frozen lilemong tsa morao tjena. Ka ho khetheha, ho na le limpho tsa mantlha tsa lehae le tsa kantle ho naha hore li bua haholo ka lintlha tse latelang:
I.Study liphetoho mohahong le hlama ea hlama ea lehloa e nang le katoloso ea nako ea pokello ea sehlahisoa, haholo-holo phello ea ho fokola ka botsitso ho senyeha ha leqhubu Sebopeho le khōlo le kamano ea eona le naha ea metsi le kabo; Liphetoho moahong oa profenche ea profen ea koro, translic le thepa [31] Liphetoho sebopeho sa starch le thepa; Liphetoho tsa likokoana-hloko tsa hlama le thepa e amanang le eona, jj 361.
Boithuto bo bontšitse hore mabaka a mantlha a ho fokola ha thepa ea leqhoa le tšebetso ea eona e fokotsehile haholo; 2) Sebopeho sa marang-rang se tsoelang pele le se felletseng sa hlama se senngoe, se fella ka moea o tšoereng moea oa hlama. mme matla a sebopeho a fokotsehile haholo.
II. Katleho ea ts'ebetso ea Khanya ea Frozen e leqele, maemo a polokelo ea a hoamisoa le foromo. Nakong ea tlhahiso ea hlama ea lehloa, taolo ea mocheso, kalafo ea ho bata, litekanyetso tsa litlou tsa glucing, 'me ho na le mekhoa ea bongoana,' me mekhoa ea setumo e tla ama sebopeho sa ts'ebetso ea hlama ea leqhoa. Ka tekanyetso e phahameng, litefiso tse phahameng tsa ho bata li hlahisa likristale tsa lehloa tse nyane ka boholo le ho ajoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, ha litefiso tse tlase li hlahisoa ka leqhoa tse sa tsamaeeng hantle. Ntle le moo, mocheso o tlase oa khalase o ka ama boleng ba oona hantle, empa litšenyehelo li phahame hangata. Ntle le moo, ho feto-fetoha ha mocheso oa ho bata o tla baka ho pheta-pheta, ho tla ama tšobotsi ea hlama.
III. Sebelisa litlatsetso ho ntlafatsa boleng ba sehlahisoa sa leqhoa. Bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa boleng ba lijalo tsa lehloa, bafuputsi ba bangata ba entse hore liqoso tsa mocheso o tlase, joalo ka mokhoa o sebetsang le o sebelisoang haholo. Haholo-holo, i) Litokisetso tsa enzyme, tse kang, Trangltanitase, O [. Amylase; Ii) emmolifuer, joalo ka monoglyceforside Steagrate, Datem, SSL, CSL, JALTM.; III) Antioxidants, AScorbic Acid, jj.; IV) Hydrocolloide e kang Guar Tum, e 'mala o mosehla, gum Arabic, Konjac v) lintho tse ling tse sebetsang, tse kang xu, et A1. .
Ⅳ. Ho ikatisa ha anifreeze le ts'ebeliso ea tomoso e ncha e anngoeng e ncha [58-59]. Sasono, et A1. .
1.1.6Liso ea hydrocolloids ka bongata bo boholo ba boleng ba ba hoama
Tlhaho ea lik'hemik'hale ea hydrocolloid ke polysaccharide (Glucose, ROMnose, Maninose, Mannose, Mannose 1-4. Tlamo ea glycsidic kapa / le a. 1 - "6. GlyCosidic Bond kapa B. 1-4. GlyCosidic Bond Polysaccharides, joalo ka chenjac tem, gum Arabic; Na mesebetsi ea ho laola meharo ea metsi. Ka hona, kenyelletso ea li-hydrophgcharides e fana ka lits'ebetso tse ngata tsa polysaccharides. Ka nako e tšoanang, ka lebaka la mesebetsi e mengata ea ho holisa, e tsitsitseng, Hydrocolloids e sebelisoa haholo ho kenyelletsa ts'ebetsong ea lijo tsa lihlahisoa tsa phofo. Wang xin et al. (2007) Ha a ka a thusa ho eketsa polysaccharide e mahareng le gelatin ka mocheso oa khalase ea hlama ea bone. Wang Yutheng Et Al. (2013) Ho lumela hore tlatsetso ea likarolo tsa mefuta e fapaneng ea hydrophilic e ka fetola phallo ea hlama hantle haholo. Fetola thepa, ntlafatsa matla a mashome a mangata a hlama, matlafatsa makhapetla a hlama, empa a fokotsa ho ba leqeba la hlama.
1.1.7hyd methyl methylpropypropyL methyl cellular methyl
Hydroxypropypropypropypropyproplay methyl methyl celdoulese e hlahisoang ke hydroxypropix United States Pharmacopeia (United States Pharmacopeia) e arola hpmc ka likarolo tse tharo ho isa ho la 2906) le k (hypromellose 2208).
Ka lebaka la boteng ba li-hydrogen litlamo tsa likeleli tsa masela, celstalose Leha ho le joalo, ho ba teng ha likeleli tsa HPMC ho roba hydrophilicar ka potlako le ho etsa hore e be matla le ho feta mochesong o tlase oa mocheso. Joaloka coloud ea hydrophlic e thehiloeng ho 'cydrophilic, HPMC e sebelisitsoe haholo masimong a lisebelisoa, lipampiri, litlolo, meralo le lijo [6 71]. Ka ho khetheha, ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ikhethang ea thermo-griling, hpmc e sebelisoa e le motsoako oa li-capsule bakeng sa lithethefatsi tse laoloang; Ka lijo, HPMC e sebelisoa e le mokhoa o fapaneng, thipa, emumuge, joalo, e bapala ka lihlahisoa tse amanang le ho hlakisa mesebetsi e meng e khethehileng. Mohlala, kenyelletso ea HPMC e ka fetola litšobotsi tsa gelatin 'me u fokotse matla a batšoaruoa a batšoaruoa. , HPMC e ka fokotsa tahlehelo ea mongobo lijong, e fokotsa mathata a mantlha a bohobe, mme a thibele ho tsofala hoa bohobe.
Le ha HPMC e sebelisitsoe ho Pasta ho isa bohōleng bo itseng, e sebelisoa haholo ke moemeli le boiketlo ba metsi, e leng thepa ea matsoho le ho lelefatsa. Leha ho le joalo, ha e bapisoa le li-hydrophilic tse kang GuaAR gum, Xantan Gum, hore na e ka ntlafatsa matla a bohobe a shuded. Ho sa ntse ho na le ho haella ha litlaleho tse loketseng.

1.2research sepheo le bohlokoa
Hona joale, ts'ebeliso le tlhahiso e kholo ea mahlale a futhumetseng a lehloa naheng ea heso ka kakaretso o ntse a le mothating oa ho hola. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho na le likotsi tse itseng le li-khaello tsa bofokoli bo ka boyeng. Lintlha tsena tse ikhethileng ha ho pelaelo hore lintho tse ngata li thibetse kopo le ho phahamisa hlama ea leqhoa. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, sena se bolela hore ts'ebeliso ea hlama e hoamisitsoeng e na le tebello e kholo, haholo ho hlahisoa ke li-noodle tse halikiloeng ka li-noodle tsa China. Ke ea bohlokoa ba ho ntlafatsa boleng ba hlama ea lehloa e thehiloeng ho litšobotsi tsa pastry tsa China le mekhoa ea ho ja le ho ja le lits'oants'o tsa pastry ea China.
Ho joalo ka nepo hobane ho etsa lipatlisiso tse amehang tsa HPMC ho li-noodle tsa China ho ntse ho fokola. Ka hona, morero oa liteko ke ho holisa ts'ebeliso ea HPMC ho hlama ea leqhoa ka HPMC ka tlhahlobo ea boleng ba bohobe ba stewed. Ntle le moo, HPMC e ile ea kenyelletsoa likarolo tse tharo tsa mantlha tsa hlama (stech ea protheine ea koro, le tokiso ea HPM ka mokhoa o sa tsotelleng. 'Me u hlalose mathata a eona a amanang le ona, e le ho fana ka tsela e ncha ea ntlafatso ea boleng ba hlama ea palo, le ho fana ka ts'ehetso ea lijo bakeng sa tlhahiso ea Frozen bakeng sa ho etsa bohobe ba eona.
1.3 Setso sa mantlha sa thuto
Ka kakaretso ho lumeloa hore hlama ke ntho e tloaelehileng ea ntho e bonolo e rarahaneng le litšobotsi tse fapaneng tse fapaneng, karolo e mengata, karolo e mengata, karolo e mengata, le boholo ba likarolo, le boholo ba likarolo.
Litlamorao tsa nako ea polokelo ea lehloa le nako ea polokelo ea lehloa, boleng ba lihlahisoa tsa leqhoa tse halikiloeng, sebopeho sa koro, sebopeho sa koro, sebopeho sa koro, sebopeho sa koro. Ho ipapisitsoe le litekanyo tse ka holimo, moralo o latelang oa liteko o ile oa etsoa ka taba ena ea lipatlisiso:
1) Khetha mofuta o mocha oa li-hydrophphilic colloid, hydroxypropyproppyl methylcelulolose (HPMC) ka nako e fapaneng ea HPM . Metsing a ts'ebetso ea hlama ea leqhoa la lehloa;
2) Ho latela pono ea ntlafatso, litlamorao tsa tlatsetso ea HPMC bakeng sa thepa ea Rheology ea metsi le sebopeho sa koro e ithutoang tlasa maemo a nako ea polokelo ea metsi.
3) Ho latela pono ea ntlafatso ea ntlafatso, litlamorao tsa tlatsetso ea HPMC, thepa ea li-gellipization, le thepa ea li-crystallization, le thepa ea li-crystallization, le thepa ea li-crystallization, le thepa ea li-crystallization, le thepa ea li-crystallization, le thepa ea li-crystallization, le thepa ea li-crystallization, le thepa ea li-crystallization, le thepa ea li-crystallization, le thepa ea li-crystallization, le thepa ea li-crystalling
4) Ho tloha ponong ea mokhoa oa ntlafatso, litlamorao tsa taolo ea HPM ka ts'ebetsong ea ho beoa, tekanyo ea ho pholoha le maemo a feteletseng a polokelo a ithutileng.
Kgaolo ea 2 Liphetoho tsa I-ipmc tsa I-ipmc hodima li-acorties tsa li-stezen bakeng sa boleng le boleng ba bohobe ba steamed
Selelekela
Ka kakaretso, sebopeho sa boitsebiso ba hlama e neng e se e letse se hlahisoang haholo le ho etsa hore lintho tse ling tsa phofo (stardian Tsamaiso e tsitsitseng ea thepa e tsitsitseng le e rarahaneng ka sebopeho se ikhethileng e se e hlahisitsoe. Boithuto bo bongata bo bontšitse hore thepa ea hlama e na le tšusumetso e kholo boleng ba sehlahisoa sa ho qetela. Ka hona, ka ho ntlafatsa tšebeliso ea sehlahisoa se ikhethang mme ke tataiso ea lipatlisiso ea ho ntlafatsa sebopeho sa hlama le theknoloji ea boleng ba sehlahisoa kapa lijo bakeng sa ts'ebeliso; Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho ntlafatsa kapa ho ntlafatsa thepa ea bona ts'ebetsong ea ka hlama le ho boloka ho netefatsa kapa ho ntlafatsa boleng ba sehlahisoa le eona bothata ba lipatlisiso.
Joalokaha ho boletsoe qalong
Ka hona, moralo ona oa liteko o etsoa haholo-holo ho tsoa lintlheng tse peli: phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC ho mela ea tsamaiso ea tsamaiso ea lehloa le phello ea lihlahisoa tsa bohobe.
2.2 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko le mekhoa
2.2.1 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko
Zhongyu When Flour Binzhou Zhongyu Food Co, Ltd.; Angelo Activery tomoso Yatell Angel Yeasten Co, Ltd.; HPMC (Methyl Sprepment ea 28% .30%, hydroxypropypropyL Liphetho tsohle tsa lik'hemik'hale tse sebelisitsoeng ho liteko tsena ke tsa sehlopha sa tlhahlobo;
2.2.2 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko tsa liteko
Sesebelisoa le lebitso la lisebelisoa
BPS. 500ct e sa feleng ea mocheso le lebokose la mongobo
Ta-XTT le setereke sa thepa ea 'mele
BSAL24s Tlhahlobo ea Tlhahlobo ea Elektroniki
DHG. 9070a blast Oven
Sm. 986s hlama ea hlama
C21. Kt2134 cooction Cooker
Meter ea Powder. E
FEELA. E
Lintho tse sibollang R3 Ritheter
Q200 e fapaneng e sa fetoheng
FD. 1b. 50xuum mahala Dryer
Sx2.4.10 seb foffle seea
Kjelluete Tm 8400 Automatic Kjeltheciatic Kjelthetic Nitrogen Exnarzer
Moetsi
Shanghai Yiheng Khonts Combargin Of Co, Ltd.
Stab Micro Systems, UK
Sartorius, Jeremane
Shanghai Yiheng Khonts Combargin Of Co, Ltd.
Comhis ea kichineng ea kichineng Copyiance Co, Ltd.
Guangdong mojad vija appliance Offer Co, Ltd.
Brabender, Jeremane
Brabender, Jeremane
Khamphani ea Amerika ea Amerika
Khamphani ea Amerika ea Amerika
Beijing bot tekomiso ea Co, Ltd.
Huang Shi Heng Medim CO, Ltd.
Khamphani ea Danish Foss
2.2.3 Mokhoa oa liteko
2.2.3 Khopolo ea likarolo tsa mantlha tsa phofo
Ho latela GB 50093.2010, GB 5009.5--2010, GB591], GB581], GB581], GB581], GB581], GB50094.20.20.20.20)
2.2.3 Potlafatso ea thepa ea floury ea hlama ea hlama
Ho latela mokhoa oa litšupiso gb / t 14614.2006 boikemisetso ba thepa e le 'mala oa bareli [821.
2.2.3.3 Ho ikemisetsa ha thepa ea hlama ea hlama ea hlama
Boikemisetso ba thepa ea temo ea hlama ea hlama ho ea ka GB / t 14615.2006 [831.
2.2.3 tlhahiso ea hlama ea lehloa
Lebisa ts'ebetsong ea ho ikoetlisa ea GB / T 17320.1998 [84]. E boima ho 450 g ea phofo le 5 g ea tomoso e senyehileng ka sekotlong sa bobeli, ebe o eketsa ka lebelo la mocheso ka botlalo 180g / karolo, e angoe ka har'a sekepe sa "ziplock mokotla oa" HPMC ho nka sebaka. Ho boloka) ho ne ho sebelisoa e le sehlopha sa liteko tsa tlhahlobo.
2.2.3.5 PUSELETSO EA LEBAKA LA HUOOGICT YA hlama
Nka lebokose la hlaba kamora nako ea ho bata haholo, li kenye ka sehatsetsing tse ka 4 ° C bakeng sa 4 h, ebe li li beha ka kamoreng ea kamore li qhibiliha ka botlalo. Mokhoa oa ho lokisa mohlala o boetse o sebetsa le karolong ea liteko ea 2.3.6.
Mohlala (hoo e ka bang 2 g) karolo e bohareng ea hlama e qhibilihileng e ne e khaoloa le ho e beha holim'a poleiti e ka tlase ea Rheometer (Discovery R3). Taba ea pele, mohlala o ne o ngotsoe ke matla a matla a maholo a senotsoeng. Ho ne ho beoa likarolo tse ka hare tsa liteko tsa liteko tse nang le bophara ba 40 mm mln, hlooho e ne e le 1 ° e ne e le 0,01%. 100%, Nako ea Khopolo-taba ke 10 Min, 'me khafetsa e beoa ho 1hz. Setereke sa Viscoelasticity (LVR) sa sampolene se lekiloeng se ne se khethoa ka ho senyeha. Ka mor'a moo, mohlala o ne o le tlas'a puso e matla ea ho hlapaola ka tsela e latelang, sebaka sa phomolo se ne se lumellana le li-setting tsa para ea param. Lintlha tse hlano tsa data (li-Plots) li tlalehiloe ho Rheology Curve bakeng sa keketseho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea methapo e tlase (mode ea mela). Ka mor'a hore khatello e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e khutsitseng, mohlala o eketsehileng o ne o theoa ka bonolo ho lehare, 'me karolo e ne e sebelisoa ka bonolo leha e le pula ea ho thibela sampole ka bonolo nakong ea teko. Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o phetoa makhetlo a mararo.
2.2.3.6 Maqhubu a metsi a sa lefelloeng (metsi a sa lefelloeng, boikemisetso ba cf ka hare) hlama
Nahana ka mohlala oa limithara tse ka bang 15 mg ea hlama e bohareng ea hlama e qhibilihileng, e behelle ka semmuso (e loketse lik'hatholike tse fapaneng (DSC). Liparamente tse khethehileng tsa lenaneo. Ka tsela e latelang: Tabatabelo ea pele ho 20 ° C bakeng sa metsotso e 5 "c kapa metsotso e ne e nyolohile Ho sebelisa aluminium e sa lefelloeng e le hore e sentsoe, DSC e fumanoe e sebelisa tlhahlobo ea lits'oants'o tsa tlhabollo ea leqhoa Likahare tsa metsi a sa lefelloeng (CFW) li baloa ka foromo e latelang [85.86]:

Har'a bona, 厶 emela mocheso oa mocheso oa mongobo, 'me boleng ba eona ke 334 J Dan; Mc (kakaretso ea mongobo) e emela litaba tse felletseng tsa hlama ka hlama (e lekantsoeng ho latela GB 50093.2010T78]. Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o phetoa makhetlo a mararo.
2.2.3.7 Tlhahiso ea Bread Bread
Kamora nako ea ho bata haholo, hlama e halikiloeng e ile ea qalisoa, e be sehatsetsing sa 4 h, ebe o beoa ka phapusing e koahetsoeng ka phapusing e ile ea felisoa ka botlalo. Arola hlama e ka bang ligrama tse ka bang 70 ka karolo, e e behe ka sebopeho sa mocheso le ho e beha ka metsotso e 60 ho 30 °. Kamora ho netefatsa, mouoane bakeng sa metsotso e 20, ebe e pholile bakeng sa 1 h ka mocheso oa kamore ho lekola boleng ba bohobe ba mosiwa.

2.2.3.8 khokahano ea boleng ba bohobe ba steamed
(1) boikemisetso ba bophahamo bo ikhethang ba bohobe bo motiloeng
Ho latela GB / T 20981.2007 [871, mokhoa oa ho tsoaloa o sa ratoang o ne o tloaetse ho lekanya mekotla e metle, 'me boima ba litso tse mohloa bo ne bo lekantsoe ka bongata ba elektroniki. Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o phetoa makhetlo a mararo.
Molomo o ikhethang oa Bread e ngolisitsoeng (CM3 / G) = Mokhahlelo oa BB3 (CM3) / SUBEDED BREE
.
Sheba mokhoa oa SIM, Noor Aziah, Cheng (2011) [88] e nang le liphetoho tse nyane. Mohlala oa mantlha oa 20x 20, 20 mn'13 ea bohobe bo bohiloeng ho tloha sebakeng se bohareng ba bohobe bo besitsoeng, le tlhahlobo ea projeke ea litlolo e ne e lekantsoe ke sethala sa litlolo. Litekanyetso tse ikhethang: Probe ke P / 100, sekhahla sa pele se le seng se le 1 mm / s, matla a mabeli a 5 g. Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o phetoa makhetlo a 6.
2.2.3.9 e sebetsa ea data
Liteko tsohle li ne li phetoa bonyane makhetlo a mararo ntle le haeba ho boletsoe ka tsela e fapaneng, 'me liphetho tsa liteko li ile tsa hlahisoa e le se boleloang (Boprofeta). SGSSTIMIC ea SPSSIME Ts'ehetso ea 8.0 ho hohela lichate tse loketseng.
2.3 Liphetho tsa liteko le puisano
2.3.1 index ea mantlha ea phofo ea koro
Tab 2.1 dikahare tsa mmuso oa nako ea nako ea koro

2.3.2 Phello ea tlatsetso ea I-ipmc thepa e hole haholo ea hlama ea hlama
Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe tafoleng 2.2, ka keketseho ea hlama ea HPMC, ho tloha ka 58.10% (ntle le ho eketsa 2% HPMC hlama). Ntle le moo, tlatsetso ea HPMC e ntlafalitse nako ea ho tsitsa ea hlama ho tloha ho 10.2 Min (e se na letho (e eketsoa 2% ea 2% HPMC). Leha ho le joalo, ka keketseho ea HPMC ea Hlama, ho ba qalang ho fokotsehile, ka kakaretso ea 2.0 HPMC, e fokotsoeng ka 20.57% le 67.27%, ka ho latellana.
Hobane HPMC e na le polokeho e matla ea metsi le bokhoni ba ho ts'oaroa, 'me ka hona e fumana nako ea tlhama ea hlama, e bonts'ang hore tlatsetso ea HPMC e ntšetsa pele sebopeho sa hlama. Nako ea ho tsitsa e le hantle ke nako ea hore hlama e bolokiloe e le khutšoane ea nako le hlama e totobatsang phapang pakeng tsa hlama e ngata, le phokotso ea Boemo bo fokolisang ba hlama ke HPMC li bonts'a hore HPMC e ka bapala karolo ea hlama ea α le ho fokolisa nako ea hlama ea α le ha sebopeho se sa tsotelloeng

Tlhokomeliso: litlhaku tse fapaneng tsa ho akheha

2.3.3 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC LITLHAKISO TSA BOTLALO
Melemo ea hlama ea hlama e khona ho bonahatsa thepa ea ts'ebetso ea hlama kamora ho etsa bonnete ba ho ba le ho paka, le karolelano ea hlama le ho otloloha karolelano ea hlama. Melemo ea hlama e hlahisitsoeng ke katoloso ea limoleke tsa glutenin, kaha lifahleho tsa lipalesa tsa glutenini li khetha ho lla ha hlama. Termonia, Smith (1987) [93] Ba lumela hore ntlafatso ea polymers e itšetlehile ka lits'ebetso tse peli tsa lik'hemik'hale pakeng tsa liketane tsa molek'hule. Ha sekhahla sa sepolesa sa molek'hule se tlase, ketane ea molek'hule e ke ke ea sebetsana le khatello ea lilena, le bolelele ba kemiso ea limolek'hule le eona e khuts'oane. Ke feela ha sekhahla sa semo sa limolek'hule se ka netefatsang hore ketane ea molemi e ka fokotsoa, ​​khoelilo ea polymar le ka eketsoa. Ka hona, boitšoaro ba semolao ba kemiso ea li-glucten ba liprotheine ba tla ba le tšusumetso ho mafunyane a hlamaneng a 92].
Tafole 2.3 e thathamisa litlamorao tsa palo e fapaneng ea HPMC (E, 1% le 2%) le karo-karolelano ea ho otloloha Liphetho tsa liteko li bontša hore thepa ea bohlasoa e eketseha ka nako ea bopaki ntle le nako e fokotsehileng katolosong ea nako ea bopaki. Bakeng sa boleng ba matla, ho tloha ho 0 ho isa ho 90 min Ho ne ho se na liphetoho tse kholo. Sena se bontša hore nako ea bopaki ke 90 min, sebopeho sa marang-rang sa hlama (sefapano pakeng tsa liketane) se thehoa ka botlalo. Ka hona, nako ea bopaki e atoloha hape, 'me ha ho na phapang ea bohlokoa boleng bo matla. Ka nako e ts'oanang, sena se ka boetse se fana ka thuto ea ho fumana nako ea bopaki ea hlama. Joalo ka nako ea ho paka, maqhama a mahareng a mahareng a majoe a limolek'hule a thehole 'me keketseho ea lisele e hokahantsoe haufi-ufi, ka ho fetisisa khanyetso e matlafala butle-butle le bohanyetsi bo phahameng haholo. Ka nako e ts'oanang, palo ea sepakamoana ea liketane ea molek'hule e fokotsehile ka keketseho ea mehato ea molemi le liketane tsa molek'hule. Keketseho ea ho hanyetsa nako le ho fokotseha ha nako le ho fokotseha ha mela ho ile ha eketseha ka tekanyo ea karolelano ea tensile ea tensile.
Leha ho le joalo, tlatsetso ea HPMC e ka hatella tloaelo e ka holimo le fetola thepa ea hlama ea hlama. Ka keketseho ea ho ekelletsa ha HPMC, ho hanyetsa ha ho hanyetsa bocha le matla a motlakase a mangata le boleng ba hlama kaofela bo fokotsehile ka ho tšoanang, ha khoeli e ntse e eketseha. Ka ho khetheha, ha nako ea bopaki e ne e le 45, boleng ba matla a HPMC), 120.20-a: 6.58
J (2% HPMC e eketsoeng). Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho na le khanyetso e phahameng ea hlama e fokotsehileng ho tloha ho 674.508 Bu (1%-a: 7.78 Bu (2% HPMC e eketsoeng). Leha ho le joalo, khoeli e kholo ea hlama e ile ea eketseha ho tloha ka 154.75 + 7.57 miti (1,5%-a: 1.98 min (2% hpmc e eketsoe). Sena se ka ba ka lebaka la keketseho ea litaba tsa polasetiki ka ho eketsa chain ea hlama ea hlama, kapa e eketsang pherekano ea hlama, kapa e eketsa ho ntlafatsa sebopeho sa hlama, kapa ho eketsa khatello ea hlama, e tla ama tšobotsi e telele (mohlala, bophahamo bo ikhethang, boqapi) ba sehlahisoa sa ho qetela.

2.3.4 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC e lekanyelitsoeng le nako ea polokelo ea polokelo ea mapolanka a hlama
Maqhubu a litšila a hlama ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea thepa eaqeba, e ka hlalosang ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng ea hlama, e nang le litšobotsi le polokelo ea thepa nakong ea ho sebetsa le ho boloka.

Phello ea feiga 2.1 ea ho kenyeletsoa ha HPMC ka har'a litho tsa li-sheology tsa hlama ea lehloa
Setšoantšo sa 2.1 se bonts'a phetoho ea polokelo ea Modulus (Elalus, G ') ea hlabula, ha phetoho ea G " Sena se ka bakoa ke taba ea hore sebopeho sa marang-rang sa hlama se senyeha ke likristale tsa lehloa nakong ea polokelo ea leqhoa, e fokotsang matla a eona a sebopeho, e fokotsa maemo a eona a sebopeho. Leha ho le joalo, ka keketseho ea HPMC ea HPMC, phapang ea G 'butle-butle e fokotsehile. Ka ho khetheha, ha palo e kenyellelitsoeng ea HPMC e ne e le 2%, phapang ea G 'e ne e le e nyane haholo. Sena se bontša hore HPMC e ka thibela sebopeho sa likristale tsa leqhoa le keketseho ea boholo ba likristale, ka ho etsa joalo a fokotsa tšenyo ea sebopeho sa hlama le ho boloka matla a hlama a hlama. Ntle le moo, 'boleng ba hlama bo boholo ho hlapanya bo le botala bo lekanang, hobane hlama e na le matla a mangata a ho leqeba ha a ntse a boloka mongobo o feteletseng.
2.3.5 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC ALSE le nako ea polokelo ea ho boloka metsi (ow) hlama ea leqhoa
Ha se mongobo oohle hlama o ka folisa likristale tsa leqhoa ka mocheso o itseng, o amanang le boemo ba mongobo (mahala, a kopantsoeng le tikoloho e 'ngoe. Metsi a se nang boithati ke metsi hlama a ka fetolang phetoho ea mekhahlelo ho theha likristale tsa leqhoa mochesong o tlase. Palo ea metsi a se nang letlalo e amang palo, boholo le ho tsamaisa sebopeho sa leqhoa. Ntle le moo, litaba tsa metsi a leholimo a boetse li angoa ke liphetoho tsa tikoloho, joalo ka katoloso ea nako ea polokelo ea matloana, le phetoho ea sebopeho sa ho boloka thepa le thepa. Bakeng sa hlama ea lehloa e seng ntle le HPMC, ka nako ea ho boloka nako, silizon e ile ea eketseha haholo, ho tloha 32.13 ± 0,64% (polokelo ea lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 0.64). Tibetan matsatsi a 60), sekhahla se ka sehloohong e ne e le 20,47%. Leha ho le joalo, kamora matsatsi a 60 a polokelo ea hoami, le keketseho ea CFW ea CFW e fokotsehile, e lateloang ke 12,41% (tafoleng ea 2.4). Ka nako e ts'oanang, o∥ oa hlama e sa tsoakoang e fokotsehile ka ho hokahana le palo ea palo ea HPMC e eketsoang, ho tloha 32.48% (ntle le ho eketsa HPMC) ho isa ho 31.73 ± 0.20%. (Eketsa0.5% HPMC), 3 1.29 + 0.03 + 0.03 + Ts'ebetsong ea polokelo ea freezing, hammoho le ho iphetetsa, ho senngoa joalo ka metsi a seng a sa tšoanelehe a fetoloa hangata ho feta ha metsi a se nang bohlale. Leha ho le joalo, HPMC e ka thibela semelo le kholo ea likristale tsa lehloa mme e sireletsa botsitso ba sebopeho sa hlama, ka hona o thibela keketseho ea litaba tsa metsi a se nang bohlale. Sena se lumellana le molao oa phetoho ea metsi a leholimo a lehloa, empa hobane hlama e na le starch e ngata, boleng ba CFW bo reriloeng ke hlama e kolobisitsoeng ke hlama e kolobisitsoeng ke hlama e kolobisitsoeng ke hlama e kolobisang (tafole 3.2).

Matla a 2.3.6 Liphetho tsa Ke tlatsetso le nako ea ho sesa ka boleng ba bohobe bo motiloeng
2.3.6.1 Tšusumetso ea nako ea HPMC Palo le nako ea polokelo ea Frozen ka bongata bophahamo ba bohobe bo bobebe
Boholo bo ikhethang ba bohobe bo behiloeng bo ka bokollang bo bonahalle ponahalo le boleng ba kelello ba bohobe bo mo kenngoeng. Buka e kholo ea bohobe bo bohiloeng, bongata bo boholo ba bohobe bo lekanang, 'me bophahamo bo nang le tšusumetso ponahalong,' mala le tentions. Ka kakaretso, litlama tse mo theotsoeng le bophahamo bo boholo le tsona li boetse li ratoa le bareki ho isa boholeng bo itseng.

Phello ea feiga 2.2 ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le polokelo ea Frozen ka bongata bo ikhethang ba bohobe ba China ba motsamaisi oa China
Boholo bo ikhethang ba bohobe bo behiloeng bo ka bokollang bo bonahalle ponahalo le boleng ba kelello ba bohobe bo mo kenngoeng. Buka e kholo ea bohobe bo bohiloeng, bongata bo boholo ba bohobe bo lekanang, 'me bophahamo bo nang le tšusumetso ponahalong,' mala le tentions. Ka kakaretso, litlama tse mo theotsoeng le bophahamo bo boholo le tsona li boetse li ratoa le bareki ho isa boholeng bo itseng.
Leha ho le joalo, bophahamo bo ikhethang ba bohobe bo belisitsoeng bo entsoeng ka hlama e hoamisitsoeng bo fokotseha katoloso ea nako ea polokelo ea lehloa. Har'a bona, bophahamo bo ikhethang ba bohobe bo motiloeng bo entsoe ka hlama ea lehloa ntle le ho eketsa HPMC e ne e le 2.835 ± 0.064 CM3 / g (lami.064 CM3 / g (hoametsoe. Matsatsi a 0) tlase ho 1.495 ± 0.070 cm3 / g (polokelo ea lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 60); Le ha bophahamo bo ikhethileng bo entsoeng ka hlabula e koahetsoeng le hlama e kentsoeng ka 2% HPMC e theohile ho tloha ho 3.160 ± 2,040 ± 0,041 cm3 / g. 451 ± 0.033 cm3 / g, bophahamo bo ikhethileng ba bohobe bo koetsoeng bo eketsoang le HPMC bo fokotsehile ka keketseho ea chelete e kenyellelitsoeng. Ho tloha ka bongata bo ikhethang ba bohobe bo belisitsoeng ha bo angoe feela ke ketsahalo ea ho beoa le khase e itekanetseng e na le phello ea bohlokoa bophahamong ba sehlahisoa [96'9 se boletsoeng. Liphetho tsa litekanyetso tsa li-rheoloji tse ka holimo li bontša hore ho na le matla a sebopeho sa mapheo a mapolanka a ho bolokang, 'me tekanyo ea tšenyo e matlafatsoa ke katoloso ea nako ea polokelo ea polokelo. Nakong ea ts'ebetso, bokhoni ba eona ba khase ha bo na ho fokotseha ho boholo bo itseng ba bohobe bo besitsoeng. Leha ho le joalo, tlatsetso ea HPMC e ka sirelletsa botšepehi ba sebopeho sa marum hantle, e le hore thepa e tšoarellang ea moea e bolokiloeng hantle, bophara ba bohobe bo lekanang bo fokotsehile butle butle. Bophahamo ba bohobe bo lekanang bo fokotsehile butle butle.
2.3.6.6 Litlamorao tsa nako ea HPMC ATRITING LE NAKO EA HO QETELA E MOTSO O MOTLE OA HO FIHLA LITLHAKISO TSA BOPHELO BA RELEBOHILE
TPA (Litlhahlobo tsa boemo ba Machabeng) Ho kenyelletsa maemo a thepa le boleng ba lijo tsa bijoung, ho kenyelletsa le ho thata, ho tsitsipana, ho tsitsipana le ho iphetetsa le ho mamella. Setšoantšo sa 23 se bonts'a phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le nako ea ho bata ka ho ba thata ea bohobe ba mosire. Liphetho li bontša hore bakeng sa hlama e ncha ntle le kalafo ea ho bata, le keketseho ea bohobe ba HPMC e ntse e eketseha haholo. e fokotsehile ho tloha ho 355,55 ± 24.65g (sampole e se nang letho) ho isa ho 310.49 + Sena se ka amana le keketseho ea bophahamo bo ikhethang ba bohobe bo bopehileng. Ntle le moo, joalokaha ho ka bonoa ho sebopeho sa LPMC, HPMC e eketsoa, ​​bohobe bo bosehileng bo entsoe ka bongata, ho tloha ho 0.006 (ho se na letho) ho isa ho 1, ka ho latellana. .020 ± 0.004 (Kenya 0.5% hpmc), 1.073 ± 0% I-ipmc). Liphetoho tsa ho thatafala le litlolo tsa bohobe bo koahetsoeng bo bonts'a hore tlatsetso ea HPMC e ka ntlafatse boleng ba bohobe bo besitsoeng. Sena se tsamaisana le liphetho tsa lipatlisiso tsa Rosell, Rojas, Benenito De Barber (2001) [75] le Barcnas, Rosell (2005)

Phello ea feiga 2.3 ea kenyelletso ea HPMC le polokelo ea lehloa ka ho thatafala hoa bohobe ba China
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ka nako e telele ea nako ea polokelo ea lehloa, ho thatafala ha bohobe bo motiloeng ka ho eketsehileng (p <0.05). Leha ho le joalo, ho thata ha litlankane tse bobebe li entsoe ka hlama e halikiloeng ntle le hlama ea HPMC e ile ea eketseha ho tloha ho 358.267 ± matsatsi a 04.254

Ho thatafala ha bohobe bo motiloeng bo entsoe ka hlama ea lehloa le 2% HPMC FUG 2.4 Phello ea HPMC e kenyellelitsoe ka lebaka la botumo ba lehloa ho tloha ho 0.689 ± matsatsi a 0,022 Frozen e nang le 2% HPMC e ekelitse li-bunker tsa mohloa tse entsoeng ka 1,176 ± 0.962 ± matsatsi a 60). Ho hlakile hore sekhahla sa ho thatafala le sekhahla sa ho fokotseha ha li-hasticity li fokotsehile ka keketseho ea palo e kenyellelitsoeng ea HPMC hlama e kholo nakong ea polokelo ea lehloa. Sena se bontša hore tlatsetso ea HPMC e ka ntlafatsa boleng ba bohobe bo besitsoeng. Ntle le moo, tafoleng ea 2.5 e thathamisa litlamorao tsa tlatsetso ea HPMC le nako ea polokelo ea lehloa ka nako e 'ngoe ea maano a mosire. ) o ne a sena phetoho ea bohlokoa (p> 0.05); Leha ho le joalo, matsatsi a 0 a freezing, e nang le keketseho ea HPMC ea HPMC e fokotsehileng haholo (leq

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ka nako ea nako ea masea, le matla a bomeng le ho khutlisetsa matla a mabenyane a halikiloeng haholo. Bakeng sa bohobe bo koahetsoeng bo entsoe ka hlama ea serame ntle le ho eketsa HPMC, ho bolokoa ha eona matsatsi a 0.17 ± matsatsi a 60) matsatsi a 60) matsatsi a 60) matsatsi a 60) matsatsi a 60) matsatsi a 60) matsatsi a 60) leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa li-bunks tse motsamaisi li entsoe ka hlama e halikiloeng ka 2% HPMC e fokotsehile Ntle le moo, ka nako e torollong ea nako ea polokelo ea polokelo ea polokelo, ho beoa le ha ho etsoa bohobe bo entsoe ka thata. Bakeng sa bohobe bo belisitsoeng bo entsoeng ka hlama e halikiloeng ntle le ho eketsa HPMC, ho ile ha eketsoa joang ka 336. 374 + 37. 24 (matsatsi a 0 a polokelo ea lehloa) a nyolohetse ho 1232.86 ± 67.76 + 34.64 + 83.95 (lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 60); leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa lithunya tse mohloa tse entsoeng ka hlama e halikiloeng ka 2% HPMC e eketsoang, ho becha ho tloha ho 206.62 + 1 1,82.84. 96 + 45.58 (polokelo ea lehloa ka matsatsi a 60), ha nyeliso e eketsehile ho tloha ka 200.78 + 101 + 31.26 (polokelo ea lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 60). Sena se bontša hore tlatsetso ea HPMC e ka thibelang liphetoho maemong a marang-rang a bosholu ba matloana a mouoane. Ntle le moo, liphetoho tse fumanehang ka har'a thepa ea masoha ea bohobe bo bopehileng (joalo ka keketseho ea matla a pholiso) ho boetse ho na le khokahano ea bophahamo bo ikhethang ba bohobe. Kahoo, thepa ea hlama (mohlala, seemo sa hlama (mohlala, seliba, nako le phepo ea likhalase tsa lehloa), e etsa hlama ea likhalase tsa lehloa (HPMC
2.4 Khaolo ea Kakaretso
Hydroxypropypropinyl Methylcellll. Morero oa mantlha oa thuto ena ke ho lekola litlamorao tsa ntlafatso ea hlama ea HPMC ka lebaka la phello ea HPMC ka lihlahisoa tse ling tsa lipalesa tsa China. Liphetho tsa DITLHAKISO TSE LOKELANG HPMC li ka ntlafatsa thepa e telele ea ho hola ea hlama. Ha palo ea HPMC ke 2%, sekhahla sa monyaluoa sa metsi se eketseha ho tloha ho 58.10% sehlopheng sa taolo ho isa ho 60.60%; 2 Min o ile a nyolohela ho 12 min; Ka nako e ts'oanang, nako ea hlama ea hlama e fokotsehile ho tloha ho 2 2.1 sehlopheng sa taolo ho isa ho 1.5 mill; Temana e fokolisang e fokotsehile ho tloha ho 55 fu sehlopheng sa taolo ho isa ho 18 fu. Ntle le moo, HPMC e boetse e ntlafalitse litopo tsa hlama ea hlama. Ka keketseho ea palo ea HPMC e ekelitsoeng, khoelilofation ea hlama e ntse e eketseha haholo; e fokotsehile haholo. Ntle le moo, nakong ea polokelo ea polokelo ea lehloa, ho eketsoa sekhahla sa sebopeho sa metsi, ka ho etsa joalo ho etsa hore sebopeho sa marang-rang se rekisoang. Boleng ba sehlahisoa sa ho qetela se tiisitsoe.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, litholoana tsa liteko li bontšitse hore tlatsetso ea HPMC e boetse e na le phello e ntle ea boleng le ntlafatso ea phepo e entsoeng ka hlama e besitsoeng. Bakeng sa li-sampole tse sa reng letho, tlatsetso ea HpMC e ile ea eketsa bophahamo ba bohobe bo belisitsoeng, bo ntlafalitse boholo ba bohobe bo bohiloeng - mme ka nako e ts'oanang o ile a fokolisa pherekano le phoso ea bohobe ba mosiwa. Ntle le moo, keketso ea HPMC e thibetsoeng ho fokola ha li-buns tse halikiloeng, hammoho le ho fokotsa litlatsetso tse bopehileng, li-cohesion le matla a fokotseha.
Qetellong, sena se bontša hore HPMC e ka sebelisoa ho hlama ea lehloa e nang le bohobe bo halikiloeng joalo ka sehlahisoa sa ho qetela hantle, ho ntlafatsa boleng ba bohobe bo belisitsoeng hantle.
Khaolo ea 3 ea tlatsetso ea HPMC ka sebopeho le thepa ea koro ea koro tlasa maemo a batang
3.1 Kenyelletsa
Wheat Gluten ke protheine e ngata haholo ea polokelo ea lijo-thollo tsa khang, liahelo bakeng sa liprotheine tse fetang 80% ea protheine eohle. Ho latela sello sa likarolo tsa sona, e ka aroloa ka glutunon (qhibiliha tharollo ea alkaline) le gliadin (e qhalanang ka tharollo ea alkaline). ka tharollo ea Ethanol). Har'a bona, boima ba limok'hule (MW) ea glutunin e phahameng joaloka 1x107da, 'me e na le lihlooho tse peli, tse ka etsang likutu tsa pherekano le tse ling tsa pherekano; Ha boima ba limolek'hule ba Gliadin ke 1x104 Campapos, stefe, & Ng (1 996) e arotse sebopeho sa hlama: ho kenya letsoho le ho kopanya (ho theha sebopeho sa protheine). Ka kakaretso ho lumeloa hore nakong ea sebopeho sa hlama, Glutenin o etsa qeto ea ho hlaphoheloa le matla a hlama ea hlama, leha Gliadin a nka qeto le ho makala ha hlama. Ho ka bonoa hore protheine ea gluten e na le karolo ea bohlokoa le e ikhethang ho thehwa ha sebopeho sa marang-rang, 'me u etsetse hlama e nang le bongoli
Ntle le moo, ho tloha ponong ea microscopic, ho theha sebopeho sa marang-rang sa likarolo tse tharo ho tsamaisoa (joalo ka litlamo tsa ho senya le tse seng tse se nang li-hydrogen, hydrophebic). Leha matla a tlamo ea bobeli
Bongata le botsitso li fokola ho feta litlamo tse nang le meeli, empa li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho boloka tlhahiso ea Gluten [1041].
Bakeng sa hlama ea leqhoa, tlasa maemo a batang, sebopeho le kholo ea likriti tsa lehloa (Crystallization le ho ikoetlisa ka sebopeho. Tsamaea le liphetoho mohahong le thepa ea protheine ea gluten [105'1061. Joalokaha Zhao, et A1. . Ntle le moo, liphetoho tse sa jeleng setsi le thepa ea li-speortynamic tsa protheine ea Glucthing li tla ama thepa ea hlama le boleng ba sehlahisoa. Ka hona, ts'ebetsong ea polokelo ea freezing, ke ea bohlokoa ba ho etsa lipatlisiso ka liphetoho tsa boemo ba metsi (boemo le thepa ea protheine e fapaneng ea Glucking.
Joalokaha ho boletsoe selelekeleng, joalo ka hydrovolity hydrocolloid, ts'ebeliso ea hydroxypropyproppyl methylcelulolose (HPMC hlatsa ho ngata ebile ha eona ha e sa ithute.
Ka hona, sepheo sa liteko ke ho sebelisa hlama ea koro ea koro (0, 0.5) tlasa thepa ea li-glucviodnamis, le eona Metsi a 'mele oa' mele, 'me a hlahlobe mabaka a liphetoho tsa ho sebetsa, le bothata ba mathata a HPMC, e le hore a ntlafatse kutloisiso ea mathata a amanang.
3.2 lisebelisoa le mekhoa
3.2.1 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko
Gluten Anhui Rui Fu XIang Food Co, Ltd.; HydroxypropypropyproppyL methylcelll
3.2.2 lisebelisoa tsa liteko tsa liteko
Lebitso la lisebelisoa
Ho sibolla. R3 Rheometer
DSC. Q200 e fapaneng e sa fetoheng
PQ00 1 Low-Field Seletsa
722E Spectrophotometer
JSM. 6490lv Tungsten Felament ea Elektronic Microscope
HH Digital Walter Water Water
BC / BD. 272SC sehatsetsi
BCD. Sehatsetsi sa 201lT sa 201l
Nna. Metso e 5 ea ultra -celectrol
Microplate Berterer
Nicolet 67 Mano a Mano a Enterform ea Informared Spectrameter
FD. 1b. 50xuum mahala Dryer
Kdc. Monsrifuge e phahameng ka lebelo la 160hr
Thermo Fisher FC Full Gorlength Scanning Microplate Berter
PB. Model 10 Ph Meter
MyP ll. Tlanya 2 Magnetic Sperer
MX. Syreddle eddy oscillator ea hona joale
Sx2.4.10 seb foffle seea
Kjeltec tsmaltec Kjeltheciatic Kjeltheciatic Kjeltheciatic Nitrogen Exnarzer
Moetsi
Khamphani ea Amerika ea Amerika
Khamphani ea Amerika ea Amerika
Khamphani ea Shanghai Niumet
SHANGHA SPELHAI Specurm Semensemente Co, Ltd.
Nippon Baemeli ba khetha Co, Ltd.
Jinna Jincheng Guotheng
Sehlopha sa Quingdao Haier
Hefei Mei Ling Co, Ltd.
Sartorius, Jeremane
Thermo Fisher, USA
Thermo Nicolet, USA
Beijing bot tekomiso ea Co, Ltd.
Anhui Zhong ke Zhong Jia Reckerment Co, Ltd.
Thermo Fisher, USA
Jeremane ea Jeremane
Shanghai Mei Ying Pu Semmuble Co, Ltd.
Scilogex, USA
Huangshi Heng Rengfeng Medical Equipment Co, Ltd.
Khamphani ea Danish Foss
3.2.3 Libaka tsa Tlhaho
Libaka tsohle tsa lik'hemik'hale tse sebelisitsoeng ka liteko li ne li le sehlopha sa tlhahlobo.
3.2.4 Mokhoa oa liteko
3.2.4.1 Boikemisetso ba likarolo tsa mantlha tsa gluten
Ho latela GB 5009.5_2010, GB 50093.2010, Ash

3.2.4.2 Litokisetso tsa Fluzen White Gluten Hlama (Dluten Hlama)
E boima ba 100 g ea biluctien ho beaker, eketsa metsi a maholo a ho boloka boima ba ba 4. *** ℃ .18 ℃ bakeng sa nako e itseng (matsatsi a 15, matsatsi a 30 le matsatsi a 30) ho nkamoha ka bongata bo sa sebetsoang, e le 2% ea kalafo e sa lefelloeng Tlatsetso ea hpmc.
3.2.4.3 Ho ikemisetsa ha thepa ea Rheology ea boima ba metsi
Ha nako ea ho bata e le hantle, nka boima ba lehloa le lehloa le letheba le metsi a sehatsetsi la 4 ° C. Ebe u nka sampole 'me u e behe ka mocheso oa kamore ho fihlela sampole e hlile e tšeloa ka botlalo (ho ngola boima ba' mele ho boetse hoa sebetsa ho karolo hamorao ea liteko, 2.7.1 le 2.9). Sampole (hoo e ka bang 2 g) ea bohareng ba boima ba mohloa bo boholo bo boholo bo ile ba khaoloa le ho beoa ka har'a sampole (se sibollang r3). Mofuta oa likhoka) ho tseba sebaka sa li-Vercoselasticity 100%, khafetsa e lutse ho 1 hz. Ebe kamora ho fetola sampole, e ke e eme metsotso e 10, ebe o etsa ho matla
Khatiso ea khafetsa, ho beoa paramente e ikhethang ea liteko 10 HZ, ha liparathara tse ling li tšoana joalo ka lihlahla tse aparetsang kutu. Lintlha tse hlahlojoang li fumaneha ka mokhoa oa Logearithmic, le lintlha tse 5 tsa data (li-Plots) ke koluoa ​​ea risheology. Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ka mor'a nako e 'ngoe le nako e hatelloa ke lets'oao, sampole e matla e hloka ho sebelisoa ka bonolo leha e le sesupo sa ho thibela mongobo nakong ea liteko. ea tahlehelo. Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o phetoa makhetlo a mararo.
3.2.4.4 Boikemisetso ba thepa ea thermodynamic
Ho latela mokhoa oa Bot (2003) [1081, malomilime ea fapaneng (DSC Q.200) e sebelisitsoe tekong ena ho lekola disampole tse lekanang tsa disampole.
.
Mohlala oa 15 oa MG oa mohloa o ne o tsitsitse le ho tiisoa ka mokhoa o sa sebetseng (o loketse sampole ea metsi). Mokhoa oa ho etsa lintho le liparamente li ka etsahala: a nkama ka 5 ml Resort. DSC e fumanoeng DSC e ile ea hlahlojoa ho sebelisa tlhahlobo ea bahlahlobisisi ba bokahohleng 2000, ka ho sekaseka litlhōrō tse ka bang 0 ° C. Ea bohlokoa ho fumana ho qhibiliha ho hoholo tsa li-krystals (tsa Yu letsatsi). Ebe, litaba tsa metsi a sa lefelloeng (CFW) li baloa ke foromo e latelang [85-86]:

Har'a bona, tse tharo, e emela mocheso oa mocheso oa mongobo, 'me boleng ba eona ke 334 J / g; Mc o emela mongobo o felletseng oa mongobo o mongobo o lekantsoeng (o lekantsoe ho latela GB 50093.2010 [. 78]). Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o phetoa makhetlo a mararo.
.
Ho omella mohlala oa ho imeloa ke hoameho ea lehloa, o boetse oa e fetisetsa hape ka ho e fetisetsa ho fumana phofo ea liprotheine tse 100. Sampole ea protheine ea 10 mg gluten e ne e le boima ebile e tiisitsoe ka aluminium e sa sebetseng (bakeng sa sampuli e tiileng). Liramathara tsa Lebaka la DSC li ne li behiloe ka tsela e latelang, li lekantsoe ka 5 ° C bakeng sa khase e 5 ° e ne e nyolohetse ho 80 ml / ml. Ho sebelisa tse sa sebetseng hantle joalo ka ha ho buuoa ka litlhahlobo tsohle tsa tlhahlobo ea DSC ho fumana mocheso oa koro oa koro (e). Mohlala o mong le o mong o phetoa makhetlo a mararo.
3.2.4.5 Boikemisetso ba mahala ba SULFHYDRYL Content (C) ea koro ea koro
Litaba tsa lihlopha tsa mahala tsa SULFHYDRY li ne li ikemiselitse ho latela mokhoa oa Beveridg, Tomoso, & Naai (1974) [Hu], e nang le liphetoho tse loketseng. E boima 40 mg ea pen gluten sampole sampole, sisinya hantle, 'me u e felise ho 4 ml ea dodecyl sulfinate
Sodium Sodium (SDS). TRIS-Hydroxexethyl aminomethane (tris). Glycine (gly). Tetraceticcitic acid 7, Amine (Edta) a buffer (10.4% tge Centifuziging bakeng sa 10 min ho 4 ° C le 5000 × y. Pele ho feta Rag / ML), kamora ho inchuroation ea metsi a 25 ℃ ea metsi a 2512 NM

Har'a bona, 73.53 ke tefo ea ho timela; A ke boleng ba ho ba teng; D ke sena se litšila (1 mona); G ke profentere ea protheine. Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o phetoa makhetlo a mararo.
3.2.4.6 Boikemisetso ba 1h i "nako ea ho phomola
Ho ea ka kontogiorgos, Goff, le Kasapis (2007, 2 g ea lisebelisoa tsa khoele tsa methapo ea kutlo ho feta: 32 ℃ Equilibrium bakeng sa 3 min, Matla a tšimo ke 0,43 T, the Reconce ke 1800 le 250 Ka lebaka lena, e ne e behiloe ho O. 5 m. Ponase e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e ne e baletsoe makhetlo a 8 ho eketsa karo-tekano ea ho bontša lesōmo (SNR), e nang le nako e le 'ngoe lipakeng tsa scan. Nako ea phomolo e fumanoa ho tsoa ho equation e latelang ea bohlokoa:

Har'a tsona, M ke ts'ebetso ea kakaretso ea dempponer ea lets'oao le lets'oalo le nako (t) e ikemetseng; Yang) ke ts'ebetso ea mabenkele a hydrogen proton ka nako ea ho phomola (d) joalo ka ha ea ikemetseng.
U sebelisa algorithm ea algorithm ho software ea tlhahlobo ea provencher hammoho le phetoho e mpe ea sehlopha, koluoa ​​e etsoa ho fumana kobo e tsoelang pele. Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o phetoa makhetlo a mararo
3.2.4.7 Khoeli ea sebopeho sa bobeli sa profen ea koro ea koro
Tekolong ena, phetoho e mene e nang le thepa e ikhethileng e nang le ts'ebetso ea bobeli ea protheine ea li-propen ea li-protheine. Mohlala ka bobeli le bokelloang ka morao ho ne ho sentsoe makhetlo a 64 ka qeto ea 4 cm ea 4 cm Jala palo e nyane ea protheine e tiileng holim 'a daemane e nang le mokhoa oa mohlala,' me qetellong u ka fumana lehae la ntoa le sehlōhō. .
Sebelisa software ea omnic ho etsa khalemelo ea motheo le khalemelo e tsoetseng pele ka ho fetisoa ka mokhoa o felletseng oa lehae la sephiri, ebe o sebelisa tlhoro. Tšoanela li-software tsa litheolelo tsa motheo, sebaka sa bobeli sa Done se lekanang le moaho o mong le o mong oa protene o fumanehang. Palo (%), ke hore, sebaka sa tlhoro / sebaka se felletseng sa pek. Ho ne ho etsoa lintho tse tharo tse tšoanang bakeng sa sampole ka 'ngoe.
3.2.4.8 Boikemisetso ba Hydrophobicicity ea protheine ea gluten
Ho latela mokhoa oa Kato le Nafra (1980) [112], Nafthalene Sulfonic Acid (Anssup Mofuthu oa protheine e tiileng ea 100 mg gluten ea phofo e tiileng, e hahele "phosphate e phahameng haholo ho feta Supernatant e Supernatant
Absorb 40 IL tharollo (15,0 mmol / L) e ile ea eketsoa sebakeng se setle sa microplate ho lekanya boleng bo phahameng ba microplatcence le 365 nm joalo ka khanya le 484 hoseng e le khanya ea Embision. Bohloebi
3.2.4.9.9 Microscope Micerope e bonoang
Kamora ho omisa marang-rang ka mor'a ho eketsa HPMC le ho eketsa 2% ea Clecron Microscope (JSM.6490lv). Ho bonoa ha mordopolo. Volvage e potlakileng e ile ea beoa ho 20 KV le ho khotla e ne e le makhetlo a 100.
3.2.4.10 Ts'ebetso ea data ea data
Liphetho tsohle li hlahisoa e le ho senyeha ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng, 'me liteko tse kaholimo li ne li phetoa bonyane makhetlo a mararo ntle le hore a hlahlobe $ Microscopy. TLHOKOMELISO 8.0 ho etsa lichane le ho sebelisa SPSS 19.0 bakeng sa e le 'ngoe. Tlhahlobo ea mokhoa oa phapang le tlhahlobo ea mafubelu, boemo ba bohlokoa e ne e le 0.05.
3. Liphetho le puisano
3.3.1 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC ATRIT le nako ea polokelo ea polokelo ea thepa ea Rheological ea boima
Meruti ea Rheology ke tsela e sebetsang ea ho bonts'a sebopeho le thepa ea lisebelisoa tsa lijo le ho bolela esale pele le ho lekola lintlha tsa sehlahisoa [113j. Joalokaha kaofela rea ​​tseba, protheine e kholo ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea lintho tse fanang ka katleho ea hlama. Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ho Setšoantšo sa 3.1, khafetsa stonises (0.10 Hz) Gluteninin Sebopeho se hokahanyang le ho hokahana le ho hokahana kapa se seng se se nang choaction se ka sengoathoana sa tlhaku. Limamu ka 0%, 0.5% le 1% HPMC e ile ea eketsoa ka mokhoa o fapaneng (feiga. Ac Liphoofolo tsa thobalano (Setšoantšo sa 3.1, D). Sena se bontša hore sebopeho sa marang-rang se likarolo li tharo sa metsi a kolobisitsoeng ntle le HPMC o ile a senngoa le Kontogiorgos

FEG 3.1 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le polokelo ea Frozen ho polokelo ea Rheological ea hlama ea Gluten
Tlhokomeliso: har'a bona, ke ea oscillating frecency sephetho sa ho lekola bosholu ba ho eketsa hpmc: C Ke litheolelo tsa maqhubu a leqele tsa ho eketsa 1% hpmc: D ke li-scency tsa ho qhekella Fryication Frequency
Ka polokelo ea li-frozen, mongobo o mongobo o otlollang o fofang ka mokhoa oa lefutso, e leng ho feto-fetoha ha leqhoa, e etsang hore moitlami oa matsoho o felise mokhatlo oa bona oa mapolanka, e leng Tlola litlamo tse ling tsa lik'hemik'hale ka matla. Leha ho le joalo, ka ho bapisa le papiso ea lihlopha ho bontšitse hore ho tlanda ha HPMC ho ne ho ka thibela ho beoa ha sebopeho le matla a sebopeho sa lehloa, mme ka tsela e itseng, phello ea lithibela-pele e kenyelelitsoe.
3.3.2 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC ATRIT le nako ea polokelo ea litloebelele tsa setumo sa freezer (CFW) le botsitso ba futhumatsang
3.3.2.1 Liphetho tsa nako ea HPMC e lekanyelitsoeng le nako ea polokelo ea sepakapakeng (CFW) ho hlama ea gluten
Litlolo tsa leqhoa li thehoa ke phetoho ea metsi a leholimo a leholimo mochesong oa eona oa ho bata. Ka hona, litaba tsa metsi a se nang moea a ama palo, boholo le ho ajoa ha likristale tsa lehloa hlama e halikiloeng hlama. Liphetho tsa liteko (tafole 3.2) Bontša hore ha nako ea polokelo ea mabenkele e atoloha ho tloha matsatsi a 0 ho isa ho 60 Ka ho khetheha, kamora matsatsi a 60 a polokelo ea a hoamioa, tranjelong ea ho kenella ka bongata. Leha ho le joalo, hobane lisamona li tlatsitsoeng ka 0.5%, 1% le 2% hpmc, kamora matsatsi a 60 a eketseha ka 20,0% le 15.96%, e lumellanang le ea Mauda, ​​e le a1. (2008) O fumane hore ho qhibiliha ho hoholo (Y) ea mehlala e nang le li-colloids tse ekelitsoeng tsa hydrophilic e kentsoeng li bapisoa le mehlala e se nang letho [119].
Keketseho ea CFW e hlile e bakoa haholo ke ts'ebetso ea profrystallization le phetoho ea protheine ea protheine ea gluctallization, e fetolang metsi a metsi a tsoang metsing a sa lefelloeng. Phetoho ena ea mongobo e lumella likristale tsa leqhoa tsa sebopeho sa marang-rang sa sebopeho sa marang-rang sa marang-rang, leo le lebisang ho pente e kholo le ho timetsoa ha mabota a mapolanka. Leha ho le joalo, phapang ea bohlokoa ea 0WA e pakeng tsa sammc le sampole e ntle e bontša hore 'muso o se nang' muso o ka boloka tšenyo ea Makhoaba le sebopeho sa li-gluct, esita le ho thibela boleng ba sehlahisoa. ho fokola.

3.3.2.2 Liphetho tsa ho kenyelletsa libakeng tse fapaneng tsa HPMC le nako ea polokelo ea polokelo ka botsitso ba botumo ba promone ea gluten
Bokhoni ba bomeko ba gluten bo na le tšusumetso ea bohlokoa ho mofuta oa lijo-thollo le boleng ba sehlahisoa Sehlahisoa se nang le nyomiloeng se sebetsang [211]. Setšoantšo sa 3.2 se bonts'a kotlo ea DSC e fumanoeng e nang le mocheso (c) e le sieo. Liphetho tsa liteko (tafole 3.3) O fumane hore mocheso oa mocheso o futhumetseng o sa feteng 'me u sa tsamaisana le Leon, e le A1. (2003) le khatkar, Barak, & Mudgil (2013) Ho tlalehe liphetho tse tšoanang le tsa 2013. Ka kenyelletso ea 0% unfrozen, O. Ha e bapisoa le mocheso oa mocheso o tsamaellanang le 740 ℃, 6.02 ℃, ka ho latellana. Ho hlakile hore tlasa maemo a nako e ts'oanang ea polokelo ea polokelo, keketseho ea mocheso oa peat ona (n) o fokotsehile ka keketseho ea HPMC ea HPMC. Sena se tsamaisana le phetoho ea sephetho sa ho lla. Ntle le moo, bakeng sa sampole ea Usfron, kaha palo ea HPMC e eketsoa, ​​boleng bo fokotseha ka tatellano. Sena se ka bakoa ke tšebelisano ea litaba tsa bolumeli pakeng tsa HPMC e nang le tšebetso ea lisele le gluten, joalo ka litlamo tsa litlaleho tse fapaneng le tse se nang meeli.

Tlhokomeliso: litlhaku tse fapaneng tsa ho akheha ka har'a kholomo e le 'ngoe. Ka hona, lihlopha tse eketsehileng tsa hydrophobic tse tsoang Gluten li ile tsa pepesoa nakong ea ho bata, 'me HPMC li ka tsitsisa ho fana ka maikutlo a limolek'hule.

FOG 3.2 Thermograms ea DSC e tloaelehileng ea liprotheine tsa Gluction e nang le 0% hpmc Tlhokomeliso: A ke DSC Curve ea DSC ea Koro ntle le ho eketsa HPMC; B ke tlatsetso ea O. DSC Curve ea Douten e nang le 5% HPMC; C ke sekhele sa DSC sa DSC sa gluten e nang le 1% hpmc; D ke DSC Curve ea DAT ea DAT e nang le 2% HPMC 3.3 Liphetoho tsa HPMC tsa HPMC li bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa botsitso ba sebopeho sa marang-rang. Mmino oa ho senyeha (-ss-) le likhokahanyo tse entsoeng ka sekontiri tsa cevaldrojene tsa lihlopha tse peli tsa mahala tsa Sulfhydryl (.sh). Glutenin e entsoe ka gluteninin le Gliadin, eo pele e neng e ka theha tlamahano ea pherekano le ea ho senyeha ha kamano ea intramolecular le intramolecular. tsela ea bohlokoa ea ho hokahanya. Ha ho bapisoa le 0%, O. "C -H ea 5% le 1% hpmc ntle le matsatsi a 60 a maphaphathehileng ka kotloloho. Ka ho khetheha, sefahleho le HPMC e eketsoa ke Gluct C. SHIGNC e eketsehile ka 2,26 A1. Li-litlamo tsa ho senyeha li ne li thehiloe sebakeng se khutsitseng [1161. Wang, letheba la li-glutenin le ile la fokotseha ka matsatsi a 15, le katoloso ea nako ea ho bata.

FAG 3.3 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le polokelo ea lehloa e ka thetsang likristale tsa lehloa le ho aba matlong a marang-rang a Gluctied. Ka hona, ka nako e telele ea nako ea masea, e ba kholo sebopeho sa protheine ea li-glutun ka botebo, e eketsang phapang ea lihlopha tse ling tsa mahala tsa Sulfhhydryl. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, liphetho tsa liteko li bontša hore HpMC e ka sireletsa matla a ho senyeha ha tšenyo ea leqhoa ea likristale tsa lehloa, ka ho etsa joalo ho thibela ts'ebetso ea likhalase tsa proseten. 3.3.4 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC nako le nako ea polokelo ea ho phomola Setšoantšo sa 3.4 se bonts'a ho ajoa ha Mass ea Glucture ka matsatsi a 0 le 60 le tjantjello Bosmans et al. . Ntle le moo, kontogiorgos (2007) - T11¨, "li-scAnds" tse nang le metsi a mangata, metsi a mangata), metsi a mangata) Le T23 li ka hlahisoa ka mokhoa oa nako ea phomolo ea metsi a thibetsoeng. Tšitiso ea T24 (> 100 MS) e na le nako e telele ea ho phomola, ka hona e bontša metsi a mahala ka ho sisinyeha ka matla. Metsi ana a teng liponong tsa sebopeho sa marang-rang, 'me ho na le matla a fokolang feela a nang le tsebo e fokolang ea calune ea protheine.

FUG 3.4 Phello ea ho kenyelletsa ha fipmc le polokelo ea lehloa ho li-curves tsa nako ea ho phomola bakeng sa hlama ea gluten
Tlhokomeliso: A le ho emela nako ea ho phomola haholo
Ho bapisa li-hlama tse kolobisitsoeng tse nang le metsi a mangata a ho kenyelletsa HPMC e bolokiloeng ka kotloloho, ho ile ha fumaneha hore sebaka sa bohlokoa sa t21 le T2C ha se eketsa boholo ba metsi a sa lekanyetsoang. Likahare, tse ka bang teng ka lebaka la hore lintho tse ka sehloohong tsa metsi li tlama metsi (liprotheine tse nyane tse nang le starch) li ne li sa fetohe haholo ke ho eketsoa ha palo e nyane ea hpmc. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ka ho bapisa libaka tsa ho tsamaisa tsa T21 le T24 tsa metsi a mangata ka tekanyo e lekanang ea HPMC e tsitsitse nakong ea polokelo ea mahala, 'me e na le litlamorao tse mpe tikolohong. Liphetoho ha li na kutloelo-bohloko ebile li sa ameha.
Leha ho le joalo, ho ne ho e-na le liphapang tse totobetseng tse bophahamong le sebakeng sa t23 katsetso ea li-glucen tse sa koaeloang, 'me e le bophahamo ba t23 e eketsehile. Phetoho ena e bontša hore HPMC e ka eketsa litaba tse lekantsoeng, 'me e kopantsoe ka bongata bo itseng. Ntle le moo, ka lebaka la nako ea polokelo ea mahala, bophahamo le sebaka sa T23 ka litaba tse tšoanang tsa HPMC li fokotsehile ka likhakanyo tse fapaneng. Ka hona, ha e bapisoa le metsi a tlamang, metsi a fokolang a bontšitse phello e itseng ho polokelo ea sephiri. Kutloisiso. Mokhoa ona o fana ka maikutlo a hore tšebelisano lipakeng tsa protheine ea Gluten Matrix le metsi a marang-rang aa fokola. Sena se ka ba hobane lihlopha tse ling tsa hydrophobic li pepesoa nakong ea ho bata, e lumellanang le litekanyetso tsa mocheso tsa mocheso o futhumatsang. Ka ho khetheha, bophahamo le sebaka sa t23 kabo ea T23 ea ho ts'oaroa ha li-gluctien e nang le 2% HPMC ha ea bonts'a phapang ea bohlokoa. Sena se bontša hore HpMC e ka fokotsa ho falla le ho fetolela metsi, 'me se ka thibela phetoho ea boemo bo thibetsoeng sebakeng sa mahala nakong ea ho bata.
Ntle le moo, bophahamo le sebaka sa t24 ka bongata bo boholo ba boea bo fapaneng ka boholo ba HPMC bo ne bo fapane haholo le palo ea HPMC e kenyellelitsoeng. Sena ke se fapaneng le se fapaneng le ho ajoa. Ka hona, puso ena e bontša hore HPMC e na le metsi le ho fetolela metsi a mahala ho metsi. Leha ho le joalo, kamora matsatsi a 60 a ho bata, bophahamo le sebaka sa T24 ka ho tsamaisoa ha naha e phallang ho ea ho mahala nakong ea ho batala. Sena se bakoa haholo-holo ho phetoho ea protheine ea prothese ea gluction le timetso ea " Le ha litaba tsa metsi a sa lekanang a tiisitsoe ke DSC le tsona li eketseha ka nako ea ho itokolla ka nako le melao-motheo ea tsona le metsi a lokolohileng ha li tšoane ka botlalo. Bakeng sa boima ba 'mele bo kolobisang bo ekelitsoeng ka 2% hpmc, ha ho le ea bohlokoa ba ho boloka metsi, ho bontša lintho tsa bona ka katleho ka lebaka la thepa ea eona ea metsi le gluction ea eona ka gluten. le mekhahlelo e tsitsitseng.
3.3.5 Liphetho tsa sebaka sa HPMC se lekiloeng sa polokelo le nako ea polokelo ea polokelo ea seprothekeng ea Gluten
Ka kakaretso, sebopeho sa bobeli sa protheine se arotsoe ka mefuta e 'nè, α-spiral, β-Curls le likhutlo tse sa reroang le likhutlo le likhutlo le likhutlo. Bo-'mōtoana ba bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa sebopeho le matla a ho tsitsisa ha moralo oa liprotheine tsa liprotheine. Ka hona, phepelo ea prothein ke mokhoa oa ho phatloha ka hydrojene le liphetoho tsa tumellano.
Lenaneo la 'ne le fetoletsoeng e le' ngoe ka sephiri (Ir-ir) le sebelisetsoa qeto e lekanang ea sebopeho sa litekanyetso tsa leknoloji. Likarolo tse tšohang tsa liprotheine tse kenngoeng haholo, Endde I Band (1700.1600 cm-1) le Amide IIi (1350.1200 cm-1). Kamoo e lekanang, ke sehlopha sa ho monya se tsoang ho mochine o otlollang oa Carbonyl (-C.), Le. Ho sisinyeha, 'me ho na le kutloelo-bohloko e phahameng ho liphetoho ka har'a sebopeho sa protheine ka molao [128'1291. Le ha litlatsetso tse tharo tse boletsoeng ka holimo ke tšobotsi ea liprotheine tse ikhethang ka mantsoe a mang, ho nepahala ha karolo ea mahareng ea naha e mengata. Ha ke ntse ke amohela botebo ba nako ea sebaka seo ke leng bona ke sehlopha se phahameng, ho sekaseka bafuputsi ba bangata ba sekaseka sebopeho sa bobeli [1301, empa ho monya tlhōrō ea metsi e ka bang 16,000. 1 wavenmber (e koahetsoeng), eo ka lehlakoreng le amang ho nepahala ha liphetho. Ka hona, ho kena-kenana le metsi ho fokotsa boikemisetso ba moaho oo ke oa Band ho Depunding e leng boikemisetso ba protheine. Tekolong ena, e le ho qoba ho kenella ha metsi, se ka bang maemo a lekanyelitsoeng a meaho e mene ea protheine ea Gluten e fumanoe ka ho sekaseka boemo ba moano. Boemo ba Peak (sebaka sa marang-rang) sa
Tšobotsi le khethollo li thathamisitsoe tafoleng 3.4.
Tab 3.4 maemo a holimo le kabelo ea meaho ea bobeli e tsoa ho Amode Iii Band in ft-aur srecsra

Setšoantšo sa 3.5 ke sebono sa inmide Iii ea profen ea gluten e kenyellelitsoeng ka har'a li-hpmc bakeng sa mariha bakeng sa matsatsi a mabeli. (2001) E sebelisitse moqapi oa bobeli ho lekana litlhoro tse sa tsoakoang tse nang le sebopeho se tšoanang le sebopeho sa tlhōrholo [1321]. Bakeng sa ho khetholla likarolo tse lekanang tsa sebopeho se seng le se seng sa bobeli

Feg 3.5 Donevolution of Amide Band III ea Gluten e nang le O% HPMC ho 0 D (B) ho 0% hpmc
Tlhokomeliso: A ke seboko sa petri ea profen ea koro ntle le ho eketsa HPMC bakeng sa matsatsi a 0 a polokelo ea Frozen B ke sebono sa infrared of Welcreen protheine ea Frozen ea polokelo ea matsatsi a 0 ka 2% HPMC e ekelitsoe
Ka nako ea nako ea nako ea polokelo ea nako, sebopeho sa bobeli sa protheine ea gluten ka tlatsetso e fapaneng ea HPMC e ile ea fetoha likhato. Ho ka bonoa hore boloka polokelo ea li-frozen le kenyelletso ea HPMC e na le phello ho sebopeho sa bobeli sa protheine ea gluten. Ho sa tsotelehe palo ea HPMC e eketsoeng, B. Sebopeho se kameloang ke sebopeho se hlahelletseng ho feta sa ba 60%. Kamora matsatsi a 60 a polokelo ea hoamite, eketsa 0%, ob gluten ea 5% le 1% hpmc. Litaba tse amanang le mekhabiso e eketsehile haholo ka 3.66%, 1.87% le 1.16%, e leng ho tšoanang le ka litholoana tse bakiloeng ke Meziani e le Al. (2011) [L33J]. Leha ho le joalo, ho ne ho se na phapang ea bohlokoa nakong ea polokelo ea lihoazen bakeng sa gluct e tlatsitsoeng ka 2% hpmc. Ntle le moo, ha leqhoa bakeng sa matsatsi a 0, le keketseho ea HPMC ea HPMC, leq. Litaba tse amanang le mekete li eketseha hanyane, haholo ha nako e eketsehileng e ne e le 2%, leq. Litaba tse amanang le mekete li eketsehile ka 2.01%. D. sebopeho se halikiloeng se ka aroloa ho intermolecular leq. Ho penta (e bakoang ke mosebetsi oa limolek'hule tsa protheine), antiparalel p. E menele ebile e tšoana le p. Litokisetso tse tharo li kentsoe, 'me ho thata ho tseba hore na ke ntho efe e' ngoe e etsahalang nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho bata
e fetohile. Bafuputsi ba bang ba lumela hore keketseho ea karolelano ea Bi-mofuta e tla lebisa keketseho ea bohlanya le hydrophobity, le bafuputsi ba bang ba lumela hore leq. Keketseho ea sebopeho se mened e ka bakoa ke karolo ea sebopeho se secha sa β e tsamaellanang le matla a sebopeho a bolokiloeng ke phetiso ea haedrojene ho mela Βketseho ea sebopeho se kameloang ho supa hore protheine e bonts'oa ka litlamo tsa mocheso o boima o lekantsoeng. Phepelo ea prothein. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, eketsa 0.5%, 1% le 2% ea protheine ea profeele. Litaba tse amanang le Helix li ile tsa eketseha ka 0.95%, 4.42% le 2.03% le 2.03% ka ho nka nako e telele, e lumellanang le Wang, et A1. (2014) o fumane liphetho tse tšoanang le tsa [134]. 0 ea gluten ntle le ho eketsa HPMC. Ho ne ho se na phetoho ea bohlokoa ka har'a litaba tsa helix nakong ea polokelo ea larozent, empa ka keketseho ea palo ea mahala ea mahala matsatsi a 0. Ho bile le liphapang tsa bohlokoa tse ka har'a likarolo tsa ho makala.

Tlhaloso ea Fydrophobic ea hydrophobic ea ho pepeseha (a)

Disampole tsohle ka katoloso ea nako ea ho bata, leq. Likarolo tse amanang le likhutlo li ne li fokotsehile haholo. Sena se bontša hore β-Turn e tsotella haholo kalafo ea ho batahlaa [135. 1361], le hore na HPMC e eketsoa kapa che ha e na phello. Hellor, et A1. (2005) E reriloe hore setšoantšo sa steten sa Gluten se amana le sebopeho sa sebaka sa β-Turn sa sebaka sa Glutenin polypepdedide Ntle le moo litabatabelo tse ling tsa sebopeho sa lichelete sa gluten se kentsoeng ka 2% HPMC e sena phetoho e kholo haholo, e ka bakoang ke ho iphetetsa ha likristale tsa leqhoa. Ntle le moo, ha leqhoa bakeng sa matsatsi a 0, litabatalo tse amanang le α-shelix. Sena se ka bontša hore ho na le tšebelisano lipakeng tsa protheine ea HPMC le protheine e ncha ea hydrogen ebe o ama ho fana ka profil; Kapa HPMC e monya metsi a porengoeng a sebopeho sa libaka tsa protheine, se etsang liphetoho tsa protheine mme li isa liphetoho tse eketsehileng lipakeng tsa lihlooho tse ngata. Haufi. Keketseho ea litaba tse amanang le taolo ea pampiri ea β le phokotso ea litaba tse amanang le tsa β-Turn le α-Helix li lumellana le khopolo-taba e kaholimo. Nakong ea ho batala, phapang le ho falla ha metsi le sebopeho sa likristale tsa leqhoa li senya likhahla tsa hydrogen tse bolokang botsitso ba bohloeki le pepesa lihlopha tsa li-sydrophobic tsa liprotheine. Ntle le moo, ho tloha ponong ea matla, e nyane ea protheine, ho thata haholoanyane. Ka mocheso o tlase, boits'oaro bo itlhomphang
Qetellong, ha litaba tse phahameng tsa HPMC li ile tsa eketsoa, ​​ka lebaka la protheine ea 'mele ea liprotheine nakong ea protheine ea li-glucing nakong ea protheine e tsitsitseng.
3.3.6 Litlamorao tsa HPMC tse eketsang nako le nako ea polokelo ea li-fydrophobicity ea glucten
Limolek'hule tsa protheine li kenyelletsa lihlopha tsa hydrophilic le hydrophobic. Ka kakaretso, bokaholimo ba protheine bo entsoe ka lihlopha tsa hydrophilic, tse ka tlama metsi ka ho thibela limoleke tsa hydrojene ho thibela botsitso ba protheine mme ba boloka botsitso ba bona. Bokaholimo ba protheine bo na le lihlopha tse eketsehileng tsa hydrophobic ho theha le ho boloka sebopeho sa bobeli sa protermiar ea protheine ka matla a hydrophomtic. Phetoho ea liprotheine hangata e tsamaisoa ke lihlopha tsa li-hydrophobic le hydrophobicity e eketsehang.
Tab3.6 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le polokelo ea Frozen ka hydrophobicity ea 'mala o teng

Tlhokomeliso: Mothapong o le mong, ho na le lengolo le nang le komello ntle le m le B, ho bonts'a hore ho na le phapang e kholo (<0,05);
Litlhaku tse fapaneng tsa komporong e fapaneng ka har'a kholomo e le 'ngoe li bontša phapang ea bohlokoa (<0,05);
Kamora matsatsi a 60 a polokelo ea lehloa, eketsa 0%, O. Ke hydrophobicity ea gluctor e nang le 70.53%, 43.69%, 46.69%, ka ho latellana (tafole 3.6). Haholo-holo, hydrophobicity ea tlhaho ea protheine e kholo e sa eketsang haholo Ka nako e ts'oanang, kamora matsatsi a 60 a polokelo ea a hoamisoa, sebopeho sa hydrophonicity ea lihlahla tsa glucen e kenyellelitsoeng ka litaba tse fapaneng li bontšitse liphapang tse kholo. Leha ho le joalo, kamora matsatsi a 60 a polokelo ea a hoamisoa, ho na le hydrophobicity ea glucpho e kenyellelitsoeng ka boleng ba hydrophobicity e ne e sa eketsehe ho tloha matsatsing a 30.99 Sena se bontša hore HPMC e ka thibela ho felisoa ha protheine ea li-gluctor, e lumellanang le litholoana tsa mocheso oa mocheso oa mocheso oa mocheso. Sena ke hobane HPMC e ka thibela timetso ea sebopeho sa protheine ka ho nchafatsa, 'me ka lebaka la hydrophlication ea eona,
HPMC e ka kopanya le lihlopha tsa hydrophilic li ka fetoha tsa litlamo tsa protheine, ha e ntse e fetola pepere ea liprotheine tsa li-hydrophobic (tafole 3.6).
3.3.7 Liphello tsa tlatsetso ea HPMC Nako ea polokelo ea polokelo le nako ea polokelo ea marang-rang ka sebopeho sa marang-rang sa gluten
Sebopeho sa marang-rang se sa tsotellositsoeng sa Gluctive se na le li-pores tse ngata ho boloka khase ea khabone e hlahisoang ke tomoso nakong ea bopaki ba hlama ea hlama. Ka hona, matla le botsitso ba sebopeho sa marang-rang sa Gluct e bohlokoa haholo ho boleng ba sehlahisoa sa ho qetela, se kang molumo, boleng bo holimo le tlhahlobo ea kutlo. Ho tloha ponong e nang le maikutlo a microscopic, Mollo oa Moruti o ka bonoa ke ho tšosa Eltton Microscopy, e fanang ka motheo o sebetsang oa sebopeho sa gluctive nakong ea ho bata.

Peg 3.7 Litšoantšo tsa likokoana-hloko tsa gluten, (a) li bonts'a hlama ea li-gluten ka 7% hpmc bakeng sa hlama.
Tlhokomeliso: A na le likokoana-hloko tsa marang-rang a Gluctine ntle le ho eketsa HPMC le Frozen bakeng sa matsatsi a 0; B ke likokoana-hloko tsa marang-rang a gluctine ntle le ho eketsa HPMC le leqhoa ka matsatsi a 60; C ke likokoana-hloko tsa gluctien ka 2% HPMC e ekelitsoeng le lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 0
Kamora matsatsi a 60 a polokelo ea lehloa, likokoana-hloko tsa metsi a metsi a metsi ntle le HPMC e fetotsoe haholo (sa feiga 3.7, ab). Ka matsatsi a 0, likokoana-hloko tsa gluten ka 2% kapa 0% hpmc e bontšitse sebopeho se felletseng, se seholo
Seporo se senyenyane se nang le seporo sa morphology. Leha ho le joalo, kamora matsatsi a 60 a polokelo ea chazen, lisele li le har'a HPMC li ile tsa angoa ka boholo, ke hore, ka lebaka la ho senyeha ha leqkaka le ho fifala. Botlamo ba ho se phefumoloha, bo amang matla le botšepehi ba sebopeho. Joalokaha ho tlalehiloe ke KonteGhaloorgos 1391]. Ntle le moo, ka lebaka la ho felloa ke metsi, ho ile ha hlahisoa sebopeho se hahuoa se phetheselang, seo e ka ba lona lebaka la ho fokotseha ha ma-thiol ka mor'a polokelo ea lehloa, hobane ho ile ha hlahisoa matsatsi a teroneng, hobane litlamo tse eketsehileng li ne li hlahisoa le polokelo ea lehloa. Sebopeho sa Gluten se ne se sa senyehe haholo ka nako e khuts'oanyane, e lumellanang le Wang, et A1. (2014) ho bona liketsahalo tse tšoanang le tse 134]. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho felisoa ha likokoana-hloko tsa gluther ho lebisa ho fallisa metsi le ho hlakoloa, tse lumellanang le sephetho sa makgaria (TD-nmr) litekanyo. LIOKA [140, 105] E tlalehiloe hore kamora 'maloa tsa mahala tsa matanka,' me matla a hlapa a hlaha, 'me tsela ea metsi e ile ea phahama. Le leng Sena se bolela hape ho bontša hore HPMC e ka thibela timetso ea sebopeho sa GluctaLe.
3.4 Khaolo ea Ka3
Tekanyo ena e ile ea etsa lipatlisiso tsa ho etsa phepelo ea thupa ea moea o mebe le protheine ka ho eketsa HPMC ka matsatsi a polokelo ea mahala (0, 15, 30 le 60). Thepa, thepa ea motlakase, le litlamorao tsa thepa ea tšōmo. Thuto eo e ile ea hlokometse hore phetoho le mokhoa oa ho ts'oaroa ha boemo ba metsi nakong ea sebopeho sa likhalase, e leng se ileng sa etsa hore thepa ea ho sebetsa e be e fapaneng. Ho senyeha ha boleng ba sehlahisoa. Liphetho tsa ho hlahlojoa khafetsa ho bontša hore elalus ea Modulus le Visiscous e ile ea fokotsoa haholo nakong ea polokelo ea bolotsana, 'me ho eketsoa hpmc microscope e entsoeng ka hore ho ne ho senyeha. Likahare tsa lichelete tsa mahala tsa Sulfhydryl li ne li eketseha haholo, 'me sehlopha sa eona sa hydrophobic se ile sa pepesoa haholo, se ileng sa etsa hore mocheso o motjeko o sehlōhō le hydrophobicity ea protuntine e eketsehile haholo. Leha ho le joalo, liphetho tsa liteko li bontša hore keketseho ea I-Ipmc li ka thibela liphetoho mohahong le protheine ea ho bokelloa ka bongata nakong ea polokelo ea metsi a bataletseng le ho eketsoa ke HPMC. Lebaka ke hobane HPMC e ka fokotsa mokhabiso le ho fokotsa palo ea dikahare tsa metsi a sehlōhō, ka ho etsa joalo ho boloka sebopeho sa marang-rang le tlhahlobo ea spatena e tsitsitseng. Sena se bontša hore tlatsetso ea HPMC e ka boloka botšepehi ba sebopeho sa maqhubu a lehloa, ka ho etsa molumo oa ho netefatsa boleng ba sehlahisoa.
Khaolo ea 4 ea kenyelletso ea HPMC ka sebopeho le thepa ea starch tlasa polokelo ea Frozen tlasa polokelo ea lehloa
TLHOKOMELISO 4.1 Kenyelletso
Stluoccharide ea polysaccharide le glucose joalo ka monomer. Senotlolo) mefuta e 'meli. Ho tloha ponong ea microscopic, hangata seretse se boreleli, se boholo ba koro ea koro e ajoa haholo libakeng tse peli tsa 2-10) le 25-35 pm (starch). Ho tloha ponong ea moaho oa kristale, granules e kenyelletsang libaka tsa kristale le libaka tsa kristal), 'me liforomo tsa kristale li ntse li le teng ka mor'a ho qeta li-gelatinization). Ka kakaretso, tikoloho ea kristale e na le amyptnin le tikolohong ea Amorphous e na le Alylose haholo. Sena ke hobane, ntle le li-monko (Chain ea Main) Sebopeho sa bundstalli e hlophisitsoe ka tsela e itseng ho theha kristale.
Statch ke e 'ngoe ea likarolo tsa mantlha tsa phofo,' me litaba tsa eona li phahame joalo ka 75% (e omileng). Ka nako e ts'oanang, joalo ka ha carbohydrate e le teng ka carbohydrate - starch le eona e le thepa ea mantlha ea thepa lijong. Kamelong ea hlama, statch e ajoa haholo 'me e hoketsoe sebopeho sa marang-rang sa protheine ea gluten. Nakong ea ts'ebetso le polokelo, li-sterches hangata li ka ba le li-gelatin le botsofaling.
Har'a bona, starch gelatinization e bolela mokhoa oo ka oona butle-butle graniles graniles o sa tsitsinyehe le ho itlotsoa ka sistimi e nang le litaba tse phahameng le tlasa maemo a futhumatsang. E ka aroloa ka mekhoa e meraro e meraro ea bohlokoa. 1) sethala se khutlisetsang metsi ka metsing; Pele o fihla mocheso oa pele oa gelaintization, starch e starch ho emisoa (slurry) boloka sebopeho sa bona se ikhethileng se sa fetoheng, 'me sebopeho sa ka hare se se ke sa fetoha. Ke setene se fokolang feela se qhalakaneng se hasana ka metsing mme se ka khutlisetsoa boemong ba lona ba pele. 2) sethala sa ho kena ka metsi a kenang ka metsing; Ha mocheso oa eketseha, metsi a kena lipakeng tsa mafika a pakeng tsa strch Constallite, o atisa ho phatloha ka makhetlo a mangata, molumo o atolositsoeng pakeng tsa limolek'hule tse robehileng. E ea otloloha le likristale li nyamela. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ketsahalo ea ho jala ntho e khutsitseng, ke hore, sefapano sa maltarize, se qala ho nyamela, mocheso le nako ea 'nete o bitsoa mocheso oa pele oa gelain. 3) STRCH granule e arohaneng; Molek'hule ea limolek'hule o kenya tsamaiso ea tharollo ka botlalo ho theha starch pass, le starch ea Gelatimization, starch ea gelatikase e bitsoang αlatic [141]. Ha hlama e pheha, gelatinization ea starch e etsa mokhoa o ikhethang, tatso, tatso, 'mala o matla le litšobotsi tsa hae.
Ka kakaretso, starch gelatintization e angoa ke mohloli le mofuta oa starch, litaba tse ling tse fetotsoeng le mokhoa oa ho feto-fetoha le letsoai, mocheso oa PH, mocheso. Ka hona, ha sebopeho sa statr (bokapele sebopeho sa kristale, sebopeho sa kristale, e joalo, thepa ea botsoi, phepelo e tsoileng matsoho
Boithuto bo bongata bo bontšitse hore ka lebaka la matla a setahoa oa hleketshwane o fokotsehile, 'me boleng ba eona bo mpefala le maemo a polokelo ea leqhubu, joalo ka terata, joalo ka terata, joalo ka a1. (2005) Ho ile ha thusa phello ea mocheso o batallang holim'a mocheso oa boleng ba litapole. Ferrero, et A1. (1993) E ile ea fuputsa litlamorao tsa litekanyetso tsa setaele le mefuta e fapaneng ea litlatsetso tse tsoang marutleng a koro le porn paste [151-156]. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le litlaleho tse fokolang tse mabapi le polokelo ea lehloa ka sebopeho le thepa ea li-granules tsa cranch (starch ea Native), e hlokang ho hlahlojoa hape. Hlalo ea Frozen (ntle le hlama e halikiloeng pele e bolila) e ka har'a granales e sa fetoheng tlasa boemo ba polokelo ea lehloa. Ka hona, ho ithuta sebopeho le liphetoho tsa sebopeho sa tlhaho ea Native Natur HPMC e na le phello e itseng ho ntlafatsa matla a ts'ebetso ea hlama ea leqhoa. bohlokoa.
Ka lebaka lena, ka ho eketsa litaba tsa HPMC (0.5%, 1%, 2%) nakong ea ho bata nakong ea ho bata. ka sebopeho sa starch le tšusumetso ea eona ea gelaintization ea tlhaho.
4.2 Lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tsa liteko
4.2.1 Lisebelisoa tsa liteko
Chong Stat Bengn Binzhou Zhongyu Food Co, Ltd.; HPMCC ALADIN (Shanghai) Chemicking Business Co, Ltd.;
4.2.2 lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo
Lebitso la lisebelisoa
HH Digital Walter Water Water
BSAL24s Electronick
Bc / bd-272sc sehatsetsi
Sehatsetsi sa BCD-201Lct sehatsetsi
Sx2.4.10 seb foffle seea
DHG. 9070a blast Oven
Kdc. Monsrifuge e phahameng ka lebelo la 160hr
Lintho tse sibollang R3 Ritheter
Q. 200 marona a fapaneng a sejoale
D / Max2500v Mofuta oa X. Ray diffactometer
Sx2.4.10 seb foffle seea
Moetsi
Jiangsu Jintan Jincheng Guotheng Exctiment
Sartorius, Jeremane
Sehlopha sa Haier
Hefei Meiling Co, Ltd.
Huangshi Heng Rengfeng Medical Equipment Co, Ltd.
Shanghai Yiheng Khonts Combargin Of Co, Ltd.
Anhui Zhongke Zhongke Scientiage Co, Ltd.
Khamphani ea Amerika ea Amerika
Khamphani ea Amerika ea Amerika
Rigaku Tlhahiso ea Co, Ltd.
Huangshi Heng Rengfeng Medical Equipment Co, Ltd.
4.2.3 Mokhoa oa liteko
4.2.3.1 Ho itukisa le ho boloka lehloa la ho emisoa hoa starch
E boima 1 g ea statch, eketsa metsi a 9 a atiloeng ka botlalo, a sithabetsa ka botlalo le ho hlophisa ho emisoa. Ebe u beha tharollo ea sampole. 18 ℃ Sehatsetsi, polokelo ea Frozen bakeng sa 0, 15 d, 30 d, 60 d, ka letsatsi le le lecha. Kenya 0.5%, 1%, 2% (W / W) HPMC ho fapana le starch ea boleng bo lekanang ho lokisa mehlala e mengata ea kalafo, le mekhoa e meng ea kalafo e sa fetohe.
4.2.3.2 TheperIes ea Rheoological
Nka mehlala e boletsoeng ka holimo e neng e tšoaretsoe ka nako e lekanang, e lekanang ka 4 ° C bakeng sa 4 ° C bakeng sa 4 h, 'me u fallele mochesong oa kamore ho fihlela li fela.
(1) starch gelatistics
Teko ena, rheometer o ile a sebelisoa ho e-na le ho shebella ka mokhoa o potlakileng ho lekanya litšobotsi tsa gelatinization tsa starch. Bona Bae et A1. (2014) Mokhoa [1571] o nang le liphetoho tse nyane. Liponte tse khethehileng tsa lenaneo le kenngoa ka tsela e latelang: Sebelisa poleloana e nang le bophara ba milione, lekhalo (le lebelo la ho potoloha ke lad / s; I) incubate ho li-c bakeng sa li-c bakeng sa 1 min; II) ho 5. C / min o futhumetse ho 95 ° C; III) E bolokiloe ka 95 ° Min, IV) ebe o theotsoe ho isa ho 50 ° C ho 5 ° C v) e sa feleng e ts'oaretsoeng ho 50 ° C bakeng sa 5 min.
Thala - Tharo ea sampole ea sampole 'me u e kenye ka har'a litekanyetso tsa mohlala,' me u fumane nako ea li-gelatinization ea ho emisa. Ho latela GB / T 14490.2008 [158], theinodition ea sebopeho sa gelatination - volanity (karolelano) e fumanoa. Boleng, BV) le boleng ba ho nchafatsa (boleng ba ho nchafatsa, sv), moo, boleng bo bolileng ba ho bolaoa ke tlōpeho boleng ba sebaka = viscosity ea ho qetela - pono e nyane. Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o phetoa makhetlo a mararo.
(2) Teko e tsitsitseng ea ho phalla ea starch paste
Setepaka se ka holimo sa gelatin se na le teko e tsitsitseng, ho latela mokhoa oa ho fifala le Supharika [1591. 100S ~, 2) 100S ~. 0.1 s ~, data e bokelloa ka mokhoa oa logarithmic, le lintlha tse 10 tsa data (lijana, pono ea kutu Tšehetso ea 8.0 ho etsa se fetang sekhele sena le ho fumana likarolo tse amehang (li-index tsa "t" slow
4.2.3.3 starch paste gel for
(1) ho itokisa ha sampole
Nka 2,5 g ea amyloid mme o e kopanye le metsi a tebisitsoeng ka karolelano ea 1: 2 ho etsa lebese le stech. Mahala ka 18 ° C bakeng sa 15 d, 30 d, le 60 d. Kenya 0.5, 1, 2% hpmc Kamora hore kalafo e batang e phethetsoe, e nke, e nke lehlakore ho 4 ° C bakeng sa 4 ° C bakeng sa 4 h, ebe ho hlahlojoa mocheso oa kamore ho fihlela o lekoa.
(3) starch ea gel matla (matla a Gel)
Nka 1,5 ml ea tharollo ea sampole le e beha ka tekanyo ea semolao Sekepe sa mocheso se qala ka 25 ° C, ho holisitsoe ho 95 ° C, o ile a khutlisetsoa ho 255 ° C, o ile a theola 25.
Karolo ea Petrolatum e ile ea sebelisoa hanyane ka hanyane ho qoba ho lahleha ea metsi nakong ea liteko tse latelang. Ha e bua ka Abebe le Rondal], sebaka sa marang-rang se otlollang se ile sa etsoa ka lekhetlo la pele ho e-na le 0.01-100, khafetsa e qaliloe ka mor'a ho emella ka 10 ° C bakeng sa 10 min.
Ebe u fiela maqhubu a oslicration, a beha palo ea likhoele (e tšoloha) ho 0,1% (ho latela khafetsa ho O. 1 ho isa ho 10 hz. Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o phetoa makhetlo a mararo.
4,2.3.4 Thepa ea thermodynamic
(1) ho itokisa ha sampole
Kamora nako ea kalafo e lekanang, li-sampole li ile tsa tsoa, ​​li omisoa ka botlalo, li omisitsoeng ka ontong ho 40 ° C bakeng sa 48 h. Qetellong, e ne e le ka lebaka la ho sitisoa ke sampole ea 100 ho fumana sampole e tiileng bakeng sa ts'ebeliso (e loketseng tlhahlobo ea Xrd). Bona XIE, et A1. (2014) Mokhoa oa ho hlophisa le ho ikemisetsa ha thepa ea botsitso '1611, tobetsa 20 MG ea 20 ° C ka sehatsetsing, e lekantsoeng bakeng sa 24 h. Freeze ka 18 ° C (0, 15, 30 le 60 le 60). Kenya 0.5%, 1%, 2% (W / W) HPMC ho nka sebaka sa boleng bo lekanang, 'me mekhoa e meng ea ho hlophisa e lule e sa fetohe. Kamora nako ea polokelo ea ho bokella e felile, tlosa ka mokhoa o sa qobelloang 'me u lekane ho 4 ° C bakeng sa 4 h.
(3) Morero oa mocheso oa gelanization le phetoho ea enthalpy
Ho nka sekheo se sa lefelloeng e le se boletsoeng, sekhahla sa phallo e ne e le 50 ml / mets, semolao ho 5 ° C bakeng sa 100 ° C Qetellong, phallo ea mocheso (phallo ea mocheso, MW) ke sesosa sa DSC se kopaneng le selati ka 'ngoe. Mohlala o mong le o mong o phetoa bonyane makhetlo a mararo.
4.2.3.5 likarolo tsa xrd
The Samples ea stezen e fumanoeng e omisitsoeng e omisitsoe ka ontong ho 40 ° C bakeng sa 48 h, 'me u se ke oa sitisoa ke mehlala ea starch. Nka palo e itseng ea mehlala e ka holimo, sebelisa D / Max 2500VV Paramente ea liteko ke voltage Voltage 40 kv, ea hajoale ea 40 KV, ea sebelisang cu. KS joalo ka ha X. RAY. Ka mocheso oa kamore, tsela e sa reng letho ke 30--400, 'me sekhahla sa ho sekaseka ke li-scanning tse 20 / mets. Crystallinity (%) = sebaka sa Crystallization sa / sebaka se felletseng x 100%, moo sebaka se felletseng se nang le maemo [62].
4.2.3.6 Khothatso ea masapo a lerata
Nka 0,1 g ea a omisitsoeng, e behiloe ammeved Tube e 50 ml ea ho itlhatsoa ka 0.5 h, ebe o e beha ka mocheso o 95 oa cernast. Kamora metsotso e 30, kamora hore gelavisization e felletse, nka sehlopha sa centrisuge and set ka bateng ea leqhoa bakeng sa ho futhumala ka thata. Qetellong, centrifege ka 5000 RPM bakeng sa 20 mets, mme o tšollele matla a matla ho fumana pula. Matla a ruruhileng = boima ba 'mele / sampole mm [163].
4.2.3.7 Tlhahlobo ea data le ts'ebetso ea data
Liteko tsohle li ne li phetoa bonyane makhetlo a mararo ntle le haeba ho boletsoe ka tsela e 'ngoe ntle le ho kheloha ha liteko le ho kheloha. SGSSTIMESIC ea SPSSIMES lichate tsa Khokahano li ne li huloa ho sebelisoa tšimoloho 80.
Litlhahlobo tsa 4.3 le puisano
4.3.1 Litaba tsa likarolo tsa mantlha tsa li-starch tsa koro
Ho latela GB 50093.2010, GB / t 5009.9.2008, GB 50094.2010 (78-s0), mongobo, Amylopen le litaba tsa molora. Liphetho li bontšoa tafoleng ea 4. 1 e bonts'itsoeng.
Tlanya 4.1 Litaba tsa Khokahano ea Khoebo ea Koro

4.3.2 Liphetho tsa nako ea HPMC ALD 'me ke nako ea polokelo ea Stozen tolantise ea Gelatinization ea starch ea koro
Strich Ho emisoa ka mahloriso a mang ho futhumatsoa ka sekhahla se futhumatsang ho etsa starch gelatinitized. Kamora ho qala ho qala ho cheba ho cheka gelatinize, metsi a turbid butle-butle a fetoha matala ka lebaka la ho hola hoa starch, mme viscosity e eketseha kamehla. Kamora moo, li-granules tsa stanch le Visisty li fokotseha. Ha paseka e tsamaea ka lebelo le pholileng ka tekanyo e itseng ea pholileng, paseka e tla eba gel, 'me boleng ba viccostos bo tla eketseha hape. Boleng ba Viscosity Ha bome bo boholo ho ba 50 ° C ke boleng ba ho qetela tsa Viscosity (Setšoantšo sa 4.1).
Tafole ea 4.2 e thathamisa ts'usumetso ea matšoao a 'maloa a bohlokoa, ho kenyelletsa le pono ea pelatinization, liketsahalo tsa ho qetela le nako ea ho bata. litlamorao tsa thepa ea lik'hemik'hale. Liphetho tsa liteko li bontša hore pono ea Pelak, Visisity ea ho qetela le pono ea ho qetela e eketsehile haholo. Ka ho khetheha, ho ile ha eketseha ha tlhōrō ea tlhōlo butle butle ho tloha ho 727.66 + 90.70 + 446.63 CP (eketsa 2% HPMC); Viscosity e tlase e ile ea eketseha ho tloha ka 391.02 + 18.97 CP (Black HPMC + 55.03 + 55.57 CP (Eketsa 2% HPMC); viscosity ea ho qetela e tsoa ho 794.62.412.84 CP (ntle le HPMC) le 910.87 CP (eketsa 2% HPMC); Leha ho le joalo, boleng ba Amotenualetso butle-butle bo fokotsehile ho tloha ka 336.644-71.73 CP (ntle le ho eketsa HPMC), 324% CP (Eketsa
Le 1% hpmc) le 393.614-45.94 CP (ntle le HPMC), 47.88 + 217.85 + 21.00 CP (2% HPMC e kenyellelitsoe). Sena le tlatsetso ea hydrocolloid e kang Xantan gum e fumanoeng ke Ahayuthakan & Suphantharika (2008) le Huang (2009) li ka eketsa boleng ba jelatini. Sena se ka ba hobane HPMC e sebetsa e le mofuta oa hydrophphilic ho feta sehlopha sa Hydrophphilic ho feta sehlopha sa marang-rang se nang le mocheso oa marang-rang. Ntle le moo, thempereichara ea mofuta oa gelain o formal (ts'ebetso ea Thermogetion) Ka hona, li-viscosion tse tlase le pono ea ho qetela ea starch gelatintination e ile ea eketseha butle butle le palo ea litaba tsa HPMC.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, hangata boholo ba HPMC li ekelitse, pono ea polase, liketsahalo tsa ho qetela tsa litšoantšo, tsa ho qetela tsa starch li eketsehile ka nako ea ho boloka nako. Ka ho khetheha, pono ea polasetiki ea ho emisoa ntle le ho eketsa HPMC e eketsehile ho tloha ho 727.66 ± matsatsi a 00.61. Ho eketsa 0.5 Wincosity ea Peak ea ho emisoa ha Pelark e emisitsoeng ho tloha ho 758.514-48.87 CP (freezing matsatsi a 60); stach ho emisoa ka 1% HPMC e ekelitse pontso ea seratsoana sa feshene ea metsi Ha seterch e emisoa ka 2% hpmc cp e ekelitsoeng pethanication Platanication ho tloha 946.64 ± (matsatsi a 0.224-94.06 CP (matsatsi a 60 a leqhoa). Ka nako e ts'oanang, viscosity e tlase ka ho fetisisa ea starch e emisang ntle le HPMC e ile ea eketseha ho tloha 391.02-41 8.97 CP (freezing bakeng sa matsatsi a 60); eketsa 0.5 Vercosity ea ho emisoa ha setene e emisitsoe ka% HPMC Ho emisoa ha seterata ka 1% HPMC e eketsoang ho tloha ho 485.564-54-5.484-67.17 CP (freezing bakeng sa matsatsi a 60); Ha leqhubu le emisoa ke 2% hpmc cp gelatinized ho tloha 553.03-55.59 cp (matsatsi a 0.59 CP (matsatsi a 60 a leqhoa).

Viscosity ea ho qetela ea starch e emisitsoeng ntle le ho eketsa HPMC e eketsehile ho tloha ho 794.62 ± 12.89 CF The peak viscosity of starch suspension increased from 882.24 ± 22.40 CP (frozen storage for 0 days) to 1322.86 ± 36.23 CP (frozen storage for 60 days); Viscosity ea Peak ea ho emisoa ho eketsoa ka 1% HPMC e eketsehile ho tloha ho 846.04 ± 12.66 ± 12.66. Le liketsahalo tsa chelatinization tsa pelatinization. Ho emisoa ho eketsoa ka 2% HPMC e eketsehile ho tloha ho 91 0,88 ± 34.57 CP
(Polokelo ea lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 0) a nyolohela ho 1198.09 ± 41.15 CP (polokelo ea lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 60). Ka ho tšoanang, boleng ba ATentuation ba ho emisoa ntle le ho eketsa HPMC bo nyolohetse ho tloha 3364 ± (Frozen adding 0.5 The attenuation value of starch suspension with %HPMC increased from 303.56±11.22 CP (frozen storage for 0 days) to 833.9±26.45 CP (frozen storage for 60 days); starch ho emisoa ka 1% hpmc e eketsoang boleng ba metsi a attenuation ho tloha ho 324.19 ± matsatsi a 072.71 Ha a ntse a eketsa 2% hpmc, boleng ba ATentuation ba ho emisoa ho tloha ho 393.61 ± matsatsi a 057.64 ± (ho bata matsatsi a 60); Ha a ntse a emisoa ntle le HPMC e ekelitse boleng ba ho emisa ho tloha 403.60 ± 6.13 c
P (polokelo ea lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 0) ho 856.38 ± 3,20 CP (polokelo ea lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 60); boleng ba morao-rao ba ho emisoa ho eketsoa ka 0.5% HPMC e eketsehile ho tloha 427 .29 ± 14.50 CP (STROZE Bohlokoa ba ho emisa ho emisoa ho eketsoa ka 1% HPMC e ile ea eketseha ho tloha 360.48 ± 41. 39 CP (frozen storage for 0 days) increased to 666.46 ± 21.40 CP (frozen storage for 60 days); Ha boleng ba morao-rao ba ho emisa ho emisoa ho eketsoa ka 2% HPMC bo ile ba eketseha ho tloha ho 357.85 ± 21.00 CP (polokelo ea lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 60). Matsatsi a 0) a nyolohela ho 515.51 ± 20.86 CP (matsatsi a 60 a leqhoa).
Ho ka bonoa hoo ka ho nka nako ea nako ea polokelo ea nako, starch gelatinization ea sebopeho sa litšoantšo tsa pele ho nako ea pex e eketsehile, e lumellanang le tao et A1. F2015) 1. E lumellana le sephetho sa palo ea palo ea batho ba sehang, pono ea ho qetela, liketsahalo tsa ho qetela tsa stan Sena ke hobane ts'ebetsong ea polokelo ea setulong, sebaka sa Amorphous (Mokhahlelo oa Network Li-gelatinization, le keketseho ea boleng bo amanang le maikutlo le ho betlisa. Leha ho le joalo, tlatsetso ea HPMC e thibetsoeng phello ea crystallization ka sebopeho sa starch. Ka hona, Viscosity ea Peak, Lipatlisiso tse Bonyane, Lipatlisiso tsa ho qetela, Lipatlisiso tsa ho qetela, Lipapali tsa ho qetela le sekhahla sa starch sa HPMC ka har'a polokelo ea Frozen nakong ea polokelo ea serame. eketseha le ho fokotseha ka tatellano.

Taiishene ea feiga ea Chag 4 ea starch ea koro ntle le hpmc (a) kapa ka 2% hpmc①)
4.3.3 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC ATRe le nako ea polokelo ea lehloa ka har'a pono ea shear ea starch paste
Kameho ea sekhahla sa shear ho pono e hlakileng ea ho etsa joalo) ea mokelikeli o hlahlojoang tlhahlobo e telele ea ho phalla, 'me sebopeho sa mokelikeli o ne a bonahala. Tafole ea 4.3 e thathamisa paramente ea equame e fumanoang ka se loketseng, ke hore, mokhoa oa ho phallela oa HPMC le nako ea polokelo ea polokelo ea parameters K heche.

Feg 4.2 Thixotropis of starchs paseka ntle le HPMC (A) kapa ka 2% hpmc (b)

E ka bonoa ho tloha tafoleng 4.3 hore li-indices tsohle tsa ho phalla, tse 2, li ka tlase ho 1. Ka hona Ntle le moo, mananeo a sheame a thehile ho tloha ho 0,1 s, ka ho latellana. 1 e nyolohetse ho 100, ebe e fokotseha ho tloha ho 100 sd ho tlosoa ka botlalo, hore na HPMOLPTICA e felletse ka botlalo, ebang ea HPMC e eketsoa ka botlalo Leha ho le joalo, tlasa nako e ts'oanang ea polokelo ea polokelo ea mahala, e leng molao-kholo oa HPMCC e fokotsehileng butle-butle, e bonts'a sebopeho sa HPMC e etsa hore sebopeho sa likhathatso. E lula e tsitsitse tlasa ketso mme e fokotsa "moqapi oa Thixotropic"
(Tsixotropic Loop) Sebaka se tšoanang le Temsririsong, et A1. (2005) E tlalehile qeto e tšoanang le ena [167]. Sena e kanna ea ba hobane HPMC e ka etsa li-cross tsa cross tsa trans-cross tse nang le chains tsa gelatinosized tsa gelatin. , e le hore a boloke botsitso le ntho e tšoanang ea sebopeho (Setšoantšo sa 4.2, sekheo se nang le sekhahla se sefubelu le sekhechana se ntse se fetoloa.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, bakeng sa starch ntle le polokelo ea lehloa, boleng ba eona bo fokotsehile ka ho ekelletsa HPMC), ntle le ho eketsa HPMC), ka ho latellana. 683 ± 1.035 Pa *5% ea 0.5% ea letsoho 310 ± 0.009 (Kenya 0.5% hpmc), e leng 0.0 1) le Sahin (2008), le keketseho ea boleng E bontša hore tlatsetso ea HPMC e etsa hore mokelikeli o na le tloaelo ea ho fetoha ho Pseudoplastem ho Pseudonian [168'169]. Ka nako e ts'oanang, bakeng sa starch e bolokiloeng ea lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 60, The K, N E bontša phetoho e tšoanang le keketseho ea HPMC ea HPMC.
Leha ho le joalo, ka nako ea ho boloka nako, boleng ba K le ho feta moo boleng ba K8.241) ho isa ho 95,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 1,570 ± 2.421 pa * (ha ho tlameletsoe 56.538 ± 1.378 Pan (Eketsa 1% HPMC, 'me u eketsehe 2 %.465. 0.277 ± 0.011 (ntle le ho eketsa HPMC, matsatsi a 1,54 0.013 (eketsa 1% hpmc, matsatsi a 60), 'me ho tloha ho 0.031 ± 0 %.020 (eketsa 2% hpmc, matsatsi a 60). Ha ho bapisoa, ho ka fumanoa hore ka keketseho ea palo ea HPMC, sekhahla sa phetoho sa HPMC se ka etsa hore sehlopha se phahame ka tlasa ketso ea stanch ea gelatinization. e lumellana.
4.3.4 Liphello tsa nako ea HPMC nako le nako ea polokelo ea lehloa ho Viscoelalalaytion ea starch paste
Khatiso ea leqhubu la matla a ho hlapanya e ka bonts'oa lipono tsa boitsebiso, le bakeng sa paseka ea eona (matla a hae). Setšoantšo sa 4.3 se bonts'a liphetoho tsa polokelo ea Modulus / Elalus (G

FUG 4.3 Ka phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le polokelo ea Frozen ho Elaccous Modululus oa starch paste
Tlhokomeliso: A ke phetoho ea Viscoelalala ea HPMC e sa tsoakoang ka lebaka la katoloso ea nako ea polokelo ea polokelo; B ke tlatsetso ea ho etsa O. Phetoho ea Viscoelalalate ea 5% HPMC e nang le katoloso ea nako ea polokelo ea mahala; C ke phetoho ea li-viscoelalasela tsa 1% hpmc stird ka katoloso ea nako ea polokelo ea mahala; D ke phetoho ea Viscoelalacity ea 2% HPMC e nang le katoloso ea nako ea polokelo ea mahala
Ts'ebetso ea bahlasisi ea gelatintization e tsamaea le ho arohana ha li-granes tsa stats, le mongobo oa haedrosen pakeng tsa matla a hae a ka mongobo. Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ho setšoantšo sa 4.3, bakeng sa starch ntle le polokelo ea lehloa, le ho thibela ho hoholeha ha maqhubu a HPMC nakong ea ho etsa beletination. Ho Chaisa le Suhawang le Suphantharika (2005) ba fumane, G'ned Gola, Amylose sebakeng sa Amorphous ea Li-granules tsa Strch li arotsoe ho theha starch e senyehileng (e senyehileng haholo Ho tsitsa le ho ba le botsitso, 'me li-kristale tsa lefutso li etsa tokisetso ea tlhaho ea "li-moletch" (Molecular Chain ho tsamaisa), 'me qetellong e ile ea baka matla a starch hore a fokotsehe. Leha ho le joalo, ka keketseho ea hpmc e fokotsehileng, 'me phello ena e ne e atiloe hantle ka tlatsetso ea HpMC. Sena se bonts'a hore tlatsetso ea HPMC e ne e ka thibela likhalase tsa leqhoa ka sebopeho le thepa ea Starch tlasa maemo a polokelo ea lehloa.
4.3.5 Liphetho tsa nako ea I-I-ipmc nako ea polokelo ea lehloa le nako ea polokelo ea lehloa ka mokhoa oa ho ruruha
Karolelano ea stalling e ka bonts'a boholo ba starch gelatinization le ho ruruha ha metsi, le botsitso ba sehlopha sa centrifigal. Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ho Setšoantšo sa 4.4, bakeng sa starch ntle le polokelo ea lehloa, e nang le starching ea HPMC) Statch Glatiticatics. Leha ho le joalo, ka katoloso ea nako ea polokelo ea lipalesa, matla a ho rululang a ile a putlama. Ha re bapisoa le matsatsi a 0 a polokelo ea frozen, matla a ho ruruha a ho fokotseha ho 8.969-A: 0 ka mor'a ho boloka lehloa ka matsatsi a 60, ka ho latellana. .007 (ha ho na HPMC e kenyellelitsoeng), e fokotsehile Liphello li bontšitse hore li-graneles tsa stat li ne li senyeha kamora ho boloka ho bata, ho fella ka pula ea starb e qhibilihileng le ea centifuliquup. Ka hona, sello sa stech se ile sa eketseha le matla a lerata a fokotsehile. Ntle le moo, ka mor'a ho boloka polokelo ea flatin, starch ea gelatitin e fokotsehile, 'me ketso e' ngoe ea bona e fokolitse matla a ho ruruha a starch [1711]. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ka keketseho ea ho holisa matla a hosangma butle, ho bontša hore HPMC e ka fokotsoa nakong ea ho bokella.

Feg 4.4 phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le polokelo ea Frozen ho phofo ea matla a starch
4.3.6 Liphetho tsa sebaka sa HPMC se lekantsoeng le nako ea polokelo ea lehloa ho ea pele thepa ea thermodynamic ea starch
Ho qala ha chelete ea starch ke ts'ebetso ea li-colmodynamic e hlophisitsoeng. Ka hona, hangata DSC hangata e sebelisoa ho khetholla mocheso oa ho nyoloha (mocheso (ho), ho felisa mocheso le likotlo tsa starch. (Tc). Tafole 4.4 e bonts'a li-curves tsa DSC tsa starch tse nang le 2% mme ntle le HPMC e ekelitsoe linako tse fapaneng tsa polokelo.

Feg 4,5 phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le polokelo ea Frozen ka har'a thepa ea quarr ea qubu ea koro
Tlhokomeliso: A ke DSC Curve ea DSC ntle le ho eketsa HPMC le Frozen bakeng sa 0, 15

Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe tafoleng 4.4, bakeng sa se sa tsoalla, 'me keketseho ea HPMC), 78.606 ± 0.606 ± 0.0306 ± 0.030 2% hpmc), empa 4h ke pholiso ea bohlokoa, ho tloha ho 9. 0,2450 (e kenyelletsa 0.080). Sena se tšoana le Zhou, et A1. . Sena ke hobane HPMC e na le hydrophphilicity hape e bonolo ho kopanya le metsi ho feta starch. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ka lebaka la mocheso o moholo oa bokhachane o potlakileng ea HPMC, ha HPMC e eketsa mocheso oa stak, ha gelatination e fokotsehile.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, relimate ea gelatinication ho, T P, TC, △ T le Holong e ile ea eketseha katoloso ea nako ea ho bata. Ka ho khetheha, starch gelatinization le 1% kapa 2% HPMC e ekelitsoe ho isa ho tse 60), le ho tloha ho 69.170 71.613 ± 0,085 (polokelo ea lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 0) matsatsi a 60); Kamora matsatsi a 60 a polokelo ea ahozen, sekhahla sa starch gelatinization e fokotsehile ka keketseho ea HPMC e kenyellelitsoe ho tloha ho 8,5.028. 408 ± 0.021 (polokelo ea lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 60), ha seterata se ekelitse ka 70.60 (polokelo ea lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 60). matsatsi); Ntle le moo, ΔH le eena o bontšitse puso e tšoanang, e ileng ea eketseha ho tloha ho 9.,430 ± matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60), matsatsi a 60) 531 ± 0.030 (Eketsa 0.5%, matsatsi a 1) Mabaka a sehlooho a liphetoho tse boletsoeng ka holimo ho li-stantinizami tsa starch tse sephara nakong ea setumo se senyehileng sa polokelo. Boloi ba bobeli bo eketsa kristantanility ba starch, eo le eona e ebisang keketseho ea li-indemo tse bonojoang ba mocheso oa limela le li-gelatinization. Leha ho le joalo, ka ho bapisa, ho ka fumanoa hore tlasa nako e tšoanang ea polokelo ea HPMC, TC, ΔT le ΔH butle-butle. Ho ka bonoa hore tlatsetso ea HPMC e ka boloka botsitso ba setsi sa starch jrurtal, ka ho etsa joalo, thepa ea starch e matla.
4.3.7 Liphello tsa tlatsetso ea I-ipmc le nako ea polokelo ea ho boloka thepa ka sehalalelo sa starch
X. x-ray diefraction (xrd) e fumanoa ke x. X-ray e fapaneng ea X Hobane li-granules li na le Sebopeho se tloaelehileng sa kristale, hangata Xrd hangata li sebelisetsoa ho sekaseka le ho khetholla foromo le kristafapisini sa likristara tse kenang.
Setšoantšo sa 4.6. Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ho A, maemo a statch krystallization a teng ka 170, 180, 190, 190, ka ho latellana le ha ho na phetoho ea ho bata kapa ho eketsa HPMC. Sena se bontša hore, joalo ka bothata ba koreko ea koreko ea koro, sebopeho sa kristale se lula se tsitsitse.
Leha ho le joalo, ka nako ea ho boloka nako, kristafatisi e lekanang le ea seterch e ntse e eketseha ho tloha ka la 36.14 (ntle le HPMC, ka tatellano). Matsatsi a 60), 'me a eketseha ho tloha ho 25.75 + 0,21 (2% hpmc e eketsoe, matsatsi a 60), sena), sena sa 4.6.B (2016), melao ea phetoho ea liphetho tsa litebello e ea phela le ea pele [173-174]. Keketseho ea sebaka se lekanang le ho timetsoa ha sebaka sa Amorphous le keketseho ea kristanta ea sebaka sa kristale. Ntle le moo, e sa lumellaneng le sephetho sa liphetoho tse ka har'a starinizami ea ho bata, likhalase tsa HPMC li tsitsitse.

Phello ea 66 phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le polokelo ea Frozen ho polokelo ea xrd
Tlhokomeliso: A ke x. X-ray tloaelo e fapaneng ea X-ray; B ke litholoana tsa crystaltalight tsa starch;
4.4 Khaolo ea Ka30
Stach ke eona taba e phahameng haholo hlama, eo, kamora lefu-taba e ikhethang (molumo o ikhethang, semelo, senj.) Sehlahisoang sa hlama. Kaha phetoho ea sebopeho sa Arch e tla ama litšobotsi tsa eona tsa geatiniza, li tla ama tšobotsi ea ho hlahlojoa ha li-tolatinon ka har'a HPMC Content. Liphetoho tsa The Rheologyogin Thepa ea li-shetolonka & Sebopeho sa Crystal se ne se sebelisoa ho lekola phello ea ts'ireletso ea Church Cranule Considence le thepa e amanang. Liphetho tsa liteko li bontšitse hore kamora matsatsi a 60 a polokelo ea a hoamite, sebopeho sa Peak, Viscos Gelatinalization toLathalPy e ntse e eketseha, ha a ntse a le matla a GEL a paseka a fokotsehile haholo; Leha ho le joalo, haholo-holo starch ho emisa ho eketsoa ka 2% HPMC, keketseho ea li-crystalication, e bonts'a sebopeho sa HPMC e boloka sebopeho sa starch le barekisi ba eona ba gelatinization ba tsitsitseng.
Khaolo ea 2 ea kenyelletso ea HPMC Sekhahla sa Pholoso le tšebetso ea ho becha le maemo a polokelo ea lehloa
Selelekela
Tomoso ke li-microorgalarm tsa naha ea eusaryotic, sebopeho sa sele ea sona, membrane, mitochondria, jj. Le mofuta oa eona oa phepo e nepahetseng. Tlas'a maemo a anaerobic, e hlahisa joala le matla, a ntse a le tlas'a maemo a leholimo a futhumatsang aebonik'bole, a ntse a kopanya khabone, metsi le matla.
Tomoso e na le likopo tse fapaneng tsa lihlahisoa tsa phofo bakeng sa litlolo tse sa sebetseng, haholo-holo bacchelyzed tsa li-hydrolyzed tsa li-hydroly Carbon dioxide e hlahisitsoeng e ka etsa hore hlama e lokolloe, e boima le bulky. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho beoa ha tomoso le karolo ea ho le lehlokoa le hore na khatello ea lintho ha ho khone ho ntlafatsa boleng ba phepo ea sehlahisoa, empa le ntlafatse boholo ba sehlahisoa. Ka hona, sekhahla sa pholoso le ho belisoa ha beitlame li na le tšusumetso ea bohlokoa boleng ba sehlahisoa sa ho qetela (molumo o ikhethang, le tatso, joalo-joalo.
Tabeng ea polokelo ea naha ea hoama, tomoso e tla angoa ke khatello ea tikoloho le ho ama lintho tse hlokahalang. Ha sekhahla sa ho bata se phahame haholo, metsi a sistimi e tla lla ka potlako le ho eketsa khatello ea kelello ea ka ntle, ka tsela eo e etsa hore lisele tse lahlehetsoeng ke metsi; ha sekhahla sa ho bata se phahameng haholo. Haeba e le tlase haholo, likristale tsa lehloa li tla ba kholo haholo mme tomoso e tla pefoloa mme lerako le tla senyeha; Ka bobeli li tla fokotsa sekhahla sa ho pholoha ha tomoso le tšebetso ea eona ea belisoa. Ntle le moo, lithuto tse ngata li fumane hore kamora hore lisele tsa toethuni li senyehe bobuelli ba li-glutathive, boo ba tla fokotseha ka boleng ba lihlahisoa tsa bilica [1761-17].
Hobane HPMC e na le polokeho e matla ea metsi le bokhoni ba ho ts'oana, ho e kenyelletsa tsamaisong ea bakhachane e ka thibela sebopeho le kholo ea likristale tsa lehloa. Ka lebaka lena, li-HPM tse fapaneng li ile tsa eketsoa ka hlama, 'me ka mor'a nako e itseng ka mor'a nako e itseng ea ho boloka hpmc ka maemo a batang.
5.2 Lisebelisoa le mekhoa
5.2.1 Lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tsa liteko
Lisebelisoa le liletsa
Lengeloi le sebetsang ho omella tomoso
BPS. 500ct e sa feleng ea mocheso le lebokose la mongobo
3m e tiileng ea filimi ea lifilimi tsa lekhetho
SP. Mohlala 754 uv Spectrophotometer
Tafole e hlatsoang hantle e sebelisang
Kdc. Monsrifuge e phahameng ka lebelo la 160hr
Zwy-240 dechutor inchutor
BDS. Li-Miloy tse 200 tse sentsoeng

Moetsi
Yast Yeast Co, Ltd.
Shanghai Yiheng Khonts Combargin Of Co, Ltd.
3m Corporation of America
Shanghai Specurmum Co, Ltd.
Jiangsu Tollajing Puttizationts Co, Ltd.
Anhui Zhongke Zhongke Scientiage Co, Ltd.
Shanghai Zhikung Timetista Semeposi sa Tlhahiso ea Co, Ltd.
Chongqing aunti ea khethoa co, Ltd.
5.2.2 Mokhoa oa liteko
5.2.2.1 Ho hlophisoa ha metsi
Mofuthu 3 G ea tomoso e omeletseng e omileng, e ekelletsa tucheng ea Sterilifege 50 ML e tlasa maemo a 9% Ebe u fetela kapele ho. Boloka sehatsetsing ka 18 ° C. Kamora 15 d, 30 d, le 60 d ea polokelo ea Frozen, lipelaelo li ile tsa isoa tlhahlobong. Kenya 0.5%, 1%, 2% hpmc (W / w) ho khutlisa liperesente tse lekanang tsa boima bo omileng. Ka ho khetheha, ka mor'a hore HpMC e lekehe, e tlameha ebe e nonngoe tlas'a lebone la ultraviolet bakeng sa metsotso e 30 bakeng sa sterilization.
5.2.2.2 bophahamo ba bopaki ba thupa
Bona Meziani, ho tšoana le A1. (2012) liteko tsa liteko tsa [17 tse boletsoeng, ka liphetoho tse nyane. Seaparo 5 g ea hlama ea crazen graimericg, tobetsa hlama ho bolelele ba mothapo le ho boloka linomoro tse peli ka mor'a ntlha ea millime). Bakeng sa mehlala e nang le lipheletso tse lekaneng kamora bopaki ba 3 kapa tse 4 ho lekanya bophelo bo botle ba bona ba bophelo bo tšoanang. Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o pakile makhetlo a mararo.
5.2.2.3 CFU (li-units tsa foromo ea kolone)
Tero ea 1 g ea hlama, e ekelletsa ka leralo la liteko ka litlhokahalo tsa ts'ebetso ea litsi tsa bonono ho latela letoto la maikutlo a ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho fihlela 10'1. Thala 1 ML ea lithulu ho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea li-tubente tse kaholimo, e ekelletsa bohareng ba liteko tsa 3m 5 d, ipona kamora ho fela ha moetlo, ho emela Morthology ho bona hore na e bua ka litšobotsi tsa khauta tsa tomoso ea tomoso ea tomoso ea tomoso. Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o phetoa makhetlo a mararo.
5.2.2.2.4 Boikemisetso ba dikahare tsa glitathione
Mokhoa oa Alloxan o ne o sebelisoa ho tseba litaba tsa khatiso. Molao-motheo ona ke hore sehlahisoa sa karabelo sa bokhachane le anyexoa o na le tlhoro ea monyako ka 305 nl. Mokhoa o ikhethileng oa boikemisetso: pipette 5 ml ea tokiso ea 10 ml centriguge tube, eketsa 1 ml ea 0.2 mm Kopanya hantle, re tlohele bakeng sa metsotso e 6, 'me hang-hang eketsa 1 M, Jaoh tharollo ea lilemo tse 305 e ne e lekantsoe le uv Spectrosficameter kamora ho kopanya hantle. Likahare tse entsoeng ka bokhabane li ile tsa baloa ho tloha sehakane e tloaelehileng. Mohlala o mong le o mong o ne o pakile makhetlo a mararo.
5.2.2.5 Ts'ebetso ea data
Liphetho tsa litekete li hlahisoa e le ho kheloha ha maemo a 4, 'me teko ka' ngoe e phetoa bonyane makhetlo a mararo. Tlhahlobo ea phapang e ne e etsoa ho sebelisa spss, 'me boemo ba bohlokoa e ne e le 0,05. Sebelisa tšimoloho ho phekola li-graph.
Liphetho tsa 5.3 le puisano
Litšusumetso tsa 5.3.1 tsa nako ea HPMC Nako ea polokelo ea Frozen e halikiloeng ka bophahamo ba phuputso e kholo
Bopaki bo phahameng ba hlama hangata bo angoa ke phello e kopaneng ea tlhahiso ea tomoso ea tomoso ea tomoso ea tomoso ea tomoso ea Thibelo ea Tarmment Har'a bona, mesebetsi ea tomoso e tla ama khase ka kotloloho le e hlahisang khase, le palo ea molumo oa khase e khethollang boleng ba meqomo ea khase e betliloeng, ho kenyeletsoa molumo o ikhethang. Ts'ebetso ea ho belisoa haholo ke maemo a ka ntle a limatlafatsi tse kang khabone, mocheso, ts'ebetso ea tsamaiso ea metabolic enzyme.

FAG 5.1 Phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le polokelo ea Frozen ka bophahamo ba bopaki bo hlakileng
Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ho Setšoantšo sa 5.1, ha leqhoa bakeng sa matsatsi a 0, le keketseho ea chelete ea HPMC, Bophahamo ba hlama bo ile ba eketseha ho tloha ho 4,274 -0.12 cm (0.5% HPMC e eketsoeng), 4.314-0.19 cm (1% hpmc e kenyellelitsoe (bona Leha ho le joalo, kamora ho ba le tlhagatsoe matsatsi a 60, bophahamo ba bopaki ba hlama bo fokotsehile ka likhato tse fapaneng. Ka kotloloho, bophahamo ba bopaki ba hlama ntle le HPMC bo fokotsehile ho tloha ho 4,234-0.11 cm (frozing bakeng sa matsatsi a 60); Hlama e kenyelelitsoe le 0.5% HPMC e fokotsehile ho tloha ho 4,27 +3.3.3.0-0.22 cm.22 cm). Matsatsi a 60); Hlama e kenyelletsoeng ka 1% HPMC e fokotsehile ho tloha ho 4,314-0.19 cm (polokelo ea lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 0.774-0.12 cm (Stozen-0.12 cm Ha hlama e kenngoa ka 2% hpmc tsoma. Bophahamo ba moriri bo fokotsehile ho tloha ho 4,594-0.17 cm (polokelo ea lehloa bakeng sa matsatsi a 0) ho 4,096 cm (polokelo ea lipalesa bakeng sa matsatsi a 60). Ho ka bonoa hore ka keketseho ea palo ea HPMC, tekanyo e kholo ea ho fokotseha bophahamong ba phula butle-butle hoa fokotseha butle butle. Sena se bontša hore tlasa boemo ba polokelo ea leqhoa, HPMC e sa khone ho boloka botsitso ba sebopeho sa baruma-pele, empa bo fana ka ts'ebetso ea ho senyeha ha naha le ho fokolisoa ke boleng ba li-noodle tse tlatsitsoeng.
5.3.2 Phello ea tlatsetso ea i-ipmc nako ea ho bata le nako ea ho phela le ho phela
Sebakeng sa polokelo ea lehloa, ho tloha ka metsi a leqele hore a likristale a fetoloa ka sistimi ea leqhoa, e le hore liqheketso tsa tomoso li eketsehe, tlas'a khatello e itseng ea khatello. Ha thempereichara e theotsoe kapa e bolokoa ka mocheso o tlase, bolelele ba lefu la leqhoa, e tla lebisa ho timetso ea metsi, e tlang ka lefu la ho fokotsa - Glitathione, kapa ho fihlela lefu le phethahetseng; Ka nako e ts'oanang, tomoso e tlas'a khatello ea tikoloho, mesebetsi ea eona ea metabolic e tla fokotsoa, ​​'me li-spores tse ling e tla felisoa, e tla fokotsa mosebetsi oa tlhahiso ea gase ea tomoso.

Liphello tsa 52 tsa kenyelletso ea HPMC le polokelo ea lehloa ho ea pele Setsing sa Pholoso ea tomoso
E ka bonoa ho setšoantšo 5.2 hore ha ho na phapang ea bohlokoa ho palo ea li-colonue tsa damam ho sampole tse nang le HPMC tse kenyellelitsoeng ntle le kalafo ntle le kalafo ntle le kalafo. Sena se tšoana le sephetho se khethiloeng ke Heitmann, Zannini, & Arendt (2015) [180]. Leha ho le joalo, kamora matsatsi a 60 a mafifi, palo ea likokoanyana e ile ea fokotseha haholo, ho tloha ho 3.08x106 CFU ho 1.76x106 CFU (ntle le ho eketsa HPMU (ntle le ho eketsa HPMC); ho tloha ho 3.04x6 CFU ho 193x106 CFU (Eketsa 0.5% hpmc); fokotsehile ho tloha ho 3.12x106 CFU ho 2.14x106 CFU (e kenyellelitsoe 1% hpmc); fokotsehile ho tloha ho 3.02x106 CFU ho 2.55x106 CFU (e kenyellelitsoe 2% HPMC). Ha ho bapisoa, ho ka fumanoa hore tikoloho ea tikoloho ea mahala e ile ea etsa hore palo ea boaho e fokotsehe. Sena se bontša hore HPMC e ka bula tomoso tlasa maemo a bataletseng. Mokhoa oa ts'ireletso o ka tšoana le oa Glycerol, haholo-holo se hatisang ho thibela ho beoa le ho fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo. Serati ea 5.3 ke setšoantšo sa setšoantšo sa 3m se nkiloeng ho 3m tomoso e potlakileng ea tlhahlobo ka mor'a tlhahlobo ea litokisetso tsa litokisetso tsa morara tsa tomoso.

Feiga 5.3 micrograph ea tomoso
5.3.3 Liphello tsa tlatsetso ea HPMC le nako ea ho bata ho Clicathione litaba tsa hlama
Glitathione ke motsoako oa tlhōlo o hlophisitsoeng oa li-glutamic acid, cysteine ​​le glycine, 'me e na le mefuta e' meli: e fokotsehile ebile e fokotsehile. Ha sebopeho sa sele ea toast se felisitsoe 'me se shoa, ho nepahala ha lisele ho hoakamela,' me borena ba intraclumlur bo lokolloe kantle ho sele, 'me bo le bongata. Ho bohlokoa haholo hlokomela hore blitathione e fokotsehileng e tla fokotsa litlamo tse se nang pherekano (-) e qapiloeng ke lihlopha tsa li-prolfhhydryl. Boikarabello le botsitso, mme qetellong li lebisa ho fokotsang boleng ba matla a ho thula. Hangata, tlasa khatello ea maikutlo ea tikoloho (ka mocheso o tlase, khatello e phahameng, khatello e phahameng ea lefu la hae, jj.), Tomoso e tla fokotsa khatello ea kelello ea eona ea metabolic, kapa e hlahise li-sties ka nako e le 'ngoe. Ha maemo a tikoloho a loketse kholo ea eona le ho ikatisa hape, a khutlisetsa bohlokoa le boholo ba matla le ho eketseha ha matla. Leha ho le joalo, e ba bang ho hanyetsa khatello ea maikutlo e fosahetseng ea khatello ea maikutlo kapa mosebetsi o matla oa metabolic o tla shoa haeba a bolokiloe sebakeng se telele sa polokelo.

Feg ea 5.4 ka phello ea tlatsetso ea HPMC le polokelo ea Frozen ho litaba tsa glitathione (Gsh)
Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ho Setšoantšo sa 5.4, litaba tsa glitathione li eketsehile ho sa tsotellehe hore na HPMC e ekelitsoe kapa che, 'me ho ne ho se na phapang ea bohlokoa lipakeng tsa chelete e fapaneng. Sena e kanna ea ba hobane tse ling tsa tomoso e le 'ngoe e omeletseng li ne li sebelisoa ho etsa hore hlama e hanyetse le mamello. Tlas'a maemo a mocheso o tlase oa mocheso, lisele li shoa, 'me ho lokolloe, tse ling tse amanang le litšobotsi tsa tomoso feela. E amana le tikoloho ea kantle, empa ha e na letho le amanang le palo ea HPMC e kentsoeng. Ka hona, litaba tsa glitathione li ile tsa eketseha ka matsatsi a 15 a ho bata 'me ho ne ho se na phapang ea bohlokoa lipakeng tsa tsona tse peli. Leha ho le joalo, ka katoloso e kholo ea nako ea ho bata, keketseho ea litaba tsa glitathie e fokotsehile ho tloha ho 2,85-0.051 mg / g (e bokelitsoeng ea matsatsi a 60); Le ha tokiso e kolobelitsoeng 2% ea HPMC, litaba tsa eona tsa glitathione li eketsehile ho tloha ho 2.307 + 0 .058 mg / 0.051 mg /. Sena hape se ne se bontša hore HPMC e ka sireletsa lisele tsa tomoso le ho fokotsa lefu la tomoso, ka ho etsa joalo fokotsa ka selibeng sa biltione se lokollotsoeng kantle ho sele. Sena ke hobane HPMC e ka fokotsa palo ea likristale tsa leqhoa, ka tsela eo ka botlalo e ka fokotsa khatello ea likristale tsa lehloa ho tomoso le ho thibela keketseho ea Glitathione.
5.4 Khaolo ea Ka34
Tomoso ke karolo ea bohlokoa le ea bohlokoa ho lihlahisoa tsa phofo, 'me ts'ebetso ea eona ea tlatla e tla ama boleng ba sehlahisoa sa ho qetela. Tekong ena, phello ea ts'ireletso ea HPMC ka mokhoa o ts'oere ts'ebetsong ea likhahla tsa HPMC, palo ea ho pholoha le hlama e fetelletseng ea leqhoa. Ka liteko, ho ile ha fumanoa hore tlatsetso ea HPMC e ka khona ho boloka mesebetsi e mengata ea tomoso, ka hona e fana ka tiiso ea molumo o itseng oa sehlahisoa sa ho qetela; Ntle le moo, ho eketsoa ha HPMC ka katleho ea HLMC ea tomoso ea topmc e thibetsoeng, ka lebaka leo e lelemoloa tšenyo ea glitathione ho tsoa ho sebopeho sa marang-rang. Sena se fana ka maikutlo a hore HPMC e ka sireletsa tomoso ka ho thibela sebopeho le kholo ea likristale tsa leqhoa.