Sebopeho sa thepa ea semela

Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea semela lisebelisoa tse tala, empa sebopeho sa tsona sa mantlha se na le phapang e fokolang, haholo e entsoe ka tsoekere le se seng tsoekere.

. Lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa semela se na le litaba tse fapaneng tsa karolo ka 'ngoe. Tse latelang hakhutšoanyane li hlahisitse likarolo tse tharo tsa mantlha tsa limela tsa semela:

Colloulolese Ether, Ligin le Hemicellilose.

1.3 Motsoako oa mantlha oa semela sa semela

1.3.1.1 Celloulose

Cellulose ke polysaccharlar ea polysacchalar e entsoe ka D-glucose le β-1,4 Glycosidic Bonds. Ke ea khale ka ho fetisisa ebile e le kholo lefatšeng.

Polymer oa tlhaho. Mofuta oa eona oa lik'hemik'hale hangata o emeloa ke Had Hathyorm ea sebopeho sa Hahitha

Xylase carbohydrate XYYLAN

Arabiaxyxxlen

Glucunide xylan

Glucunide Araninoxylen

Glucomannan

GalactoglucoManan

Arabiagalactane

Starch, pectin le tsoekere e meng e qhibilihileng

Likarolo tse seng tsa carbohydrate

Ligrin

Li-li-hapids, Lignimes, litsotsi tsa Nitrojene, litsomi tsa litsomi tsa insorganic

Hemicellubulo ka polyhexopolypentose polymannose polygalactose

Li-terpenes li na le li-acids, mafura acids, li-steros, li-carnums, li-tannans

Lingoliloeng tsa Limela

1.4 sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale sa cellulose

1.3.1.2 Lignin

Yuniti ea mantlha ea Ligrin ke Phenylropane, e neng e hokahane ke li-litlamo tsa CC le ether litlamo.

Tlanya Polymer. Sebokeng sa semela, karolo e inahanelang e na le libonene tse ngata,

Likahare tse sa tsoa fokotsoang, empa litaba tsa Lignin li ile tsa eketseha kahare ho lerako la bobeli. Joalo ka ntho e inahanelang, Lignin le hemifibril

Ka hona, ba tlatsa lipakeng tsa likhoele tse matla tsa lerako la sele, ka hona ba matlafatsang lerako la lisele tsa lisele tsa semela.

Li-lignis tse 1.5 Melemo ea Mechini ea Menomers, ka tatellano: pe hydroxxyphertpropane, graringyl propane le conrizryl joala

1.3.1.3 hemicellullese

Ho fapana le Ligrin, Hemicellulo ke heteropolymer e entsoe ka mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea monosaccharides. Ho latela tsena

Mefuta ea tsoekere le ho ba sieo ha lihlopha tsa Acyl e ka aroloa Kenya Glucomannan, Arabinosinyl (4-O-Methylglucunirong acid) -xylan,

Galactosyl Glucomannan, 4-O-Methylglucuronic Acid Xylan, Arabinosyl Galactan, jj. Ka,

Liperesente tse mashome a mahlano tsa lisele tsa lehong ke Xylan, e leng holim 'a micro e nang le li-microloul ea celluloulose le e hokahane le likhoele.

Li theha marang-rang a lisele tse hokahantsoeng ka thata ho e mong.

1.4 Morero oa ho etsa lipatlisiso, bohlokoa le litaba tsa sehlooho tsa sehlooho sena

1.4.1 Morero le Bohlokoa ba Patlisiso

Morero oa lipatlisiso ke ho khetha bophelo bo tharo moemeli ka tlhahlobo ea likarolo tsa thepa e itseng ea limela.

Cellulose e ntšoa ka lintho tsa semela. Khetha moemeli ea loketseng, 'me u sebelise selefounu e ntšitsoeng ho nka sebaka sa k'hothone ho nkela fiber ea boleloang le ho fetoloa ho lokisa fiber.

Vitamin Ether. Elese e lokiselitsoeng ea cellulose e lokiselitsoeng e ile ea sebelisoa ho khatiso ea dae e sebetsang, 'me qetellong litlamorao tsa khatiso li bapisoa le ho fumana tse ling

E-ntan'o hlaha ea khetla ea Dee e ileng ea hatisa.

Pele ho tsohle, lipatlisiso tsa sehlooho sena li rarollotse bothata ba ho sebelisa botona le tšilafalo ea tikoloho ea limela tse tala tse senyang ho isa boholeng bo itseng.

Ka nako e ts'oanang, tsela e ncha e eketsoa mohloling oa cellulose. Taba ea bobeli, se nang le chefo ka hanyane chloracetate le 2-chloroetlithanol li sebelisoa e le baemeli ba hapileng,

Sebakeng sa acid e nang le chefo, Ether e ne e lokisitsoe ebile e sebelisoa ho lesela la khatiso ea k'hothone ea Cotton

Ho etsa lipatlisiso mabapi le tataiso e itseng, hape ho na le bohlokoa bo botle le boleng ba setsebi.

Fiber lebone le qhibiliha Litign Macromolecules cellulose

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1.4.2 Litaba tsa lipatlisiso tsa lipatlisiso

1.4.2.1 Extloction ea cellulose ho tsoa ho semela lisebelisoa tse tala

Pele, likarolo tse ling tsa thepa ea semela li lekantsoe 'me li hlahlojoa,' me lihlahisoa tse tharo tsa moemeli li khethoa ho ntša fi ea khelosa fiber.

Li-vithamine. Joale, ts'ebetso ea ho hula cellulolese e ile ea ntlafatsoa ke kalafo e felletseng ea alkali le asiti. Qetellong, UV

Inliorpree Spectroscopy, FTIR le Xrd li ne li sebelisetsoa ho hokahanngoa lihlahisoa.

1.4.2.2 Ho hlophisoa ha liketsahalo tsa celluulose

U sebelisa selefounu ea pic ea polasetiki e le thepa e tala, e ne e re e ne e le Alkali e hlokiselitsoeng, 'me liteko tse le' ngoe le tsa sehlooho li ile sa sebelisoa,

Mekhoa ea litokisetso tsa CMC, Hec le hecmc ba ile ba ntlafalitsoe ka tsela e 'ngoe.

Enter e lokiselitsoeng e lokiselitsoeng celbulose e ne e tšoauoa ka FTIR, H-nmr ​​le Xrd.

1.4.2.3 Kopo ea Dellulose Ether

Mefuta e meraro ea li-ethe tsa celluulose

Meruti ea mantlha ea lipasente ea pele ea pele e ne e bapisoa le maemo le ho boloka ho boloka thepa.

Sebelisa mefuta e meraro ea bo-'ma-bo-'mè ea khepho ea celluulos le sodi

Papiso ea tse tharoENDE ENSEMme

Thepa ea khatiso ea sodium e kholo.

1.4.3 Lintlha tsa ho etsa lipatlisiso

(1) Ho fetola litšila letlotlo, 'muelli oa selefounu e phahameng ea ho lematsa litšila, e eketsang mohloli oa cellulose

Mokhoa o mocha, 'me ka nako e ts'oanang, ka nako e itseng, e rarolla bothata ba ho sebelisa matla a litšila le tšilafalo ea tikoloho; hape e ntlafatsa fiber

Mokhoa oa ho ntšoa.

.

Kankere), jj. Li kotsi ho 'mele oa motho le tikolohong. Ka pampiring ena, e leng tikoloho e ntle haholo ea tikoloho le 2-chloroettonal e sebelisoa e le basebeletsi ba li-epedation.

Sebakeng sa cloacectic acid ea acid le ethi e lokiselitsoeng, li-ethe .

lebisa ho.